• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.56-62
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• 2012

The results presented in this paper form part of an investigation into the optimization of a ternary blended cementitious system based on ordinary Portland cement (OPC)/blast furnace slag(BFS)/fly ash(FA) for the development of ultra high strength concrete. Concrete covering a wide range of BFS/FA blending proportions were investigated. Compressive strength at the ages of 3, 7 and 28 days for concrete specimens containing 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%FA along with 0%, 30%, 40% and 50%BFS as partial cement replacement at a water-binder ratio of 0.18 were investigated. Tests on porosity and pore size distribution were conducted using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results show that the combination of FA10 and BFS30 can improve both short- and long-term properties of concrete as results of reducing of pores larger than 50nm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2015

This study investigated the environmental risk for up-cycling of air-cooled ladle furnace slag (LFS) and evaluated the mortar compressive strength of binary and ternary blended cements using LFS of 3, 5, 10 wt%. Based on the Soil Environment Conservation Act standard, there was no environmental risk of the up-cycling of LFS. Results of mortar compressive strength assesment showed that the compressive strength of two blended cements using LFS of lower than 5 wt% was about 1.1 times superior to that of un-substituted cement (ordinary portland cement, OPC); however the compressive strength of those with LFS of 10 wt% decreased with 10% compared with that of OPC.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2014

Nowadays, due to the development of industrial and civil engineering technology, enlargement and diversification of concrete structures are being tried. At the same time, the hydration heat generated during the construction of large structures lead to thermal crack, which is occurs causing a problem that durability degradation. In this paper, in order to study the durability and reducing hydration heat of concrete according to the types of cement, that is ordinary portland cement, fly ash cement mixed with a two-component, ternary blend cement mixed with fly ash and blast furnace slag and low heat cement concrete are produced, and compare and analyze the results using property, durability and hydration characteristics, ternary blend cement is appeared to be the most excellent in durability and reduction of hydration heat, and it was determined suitable for construction of mass concrete and requiring durability.

• Cement Symposium
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• s.40
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.177-187
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• 1998

최근 국내에서 해양 구조물, 장대 교량의 하부구조물, LNG저장탱크 등 매스콘크리트의 증가추세에 따라 구조물의 고내구성과 관련하여 시멘트의수화열에 의한 온도균열의 발생을 최소화 시킬 수 있는 3성분계 혼합형 저발열시멘트가 개발되어 실 구조물의 적용단계에 있으나, 저발열시멘트가 개발되어 실 구조물의 적용단계에 있으나 저발열시멘트의 특성에 대한 전반적인 연구보고가 국내에서는 미진한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 3성분계 혼합형 저발열시멘트의 특성 및 코\ulcorner리트의기초물성을 1종 보통포틀랜트 시멘트, 5종 내황산염시멘트, 슬래그시멘트와 비교하였다. 글 결과 저발열 콘크리트의 찹축강도는 초기재령에서 강도발현률이 적은 반면 장기강도발현률은 상당히 큰 경향을 보였다. 또한 수화열은 1종시멘트를 사용한 콘크리트에 비하여 1/3~1/2정도로 매스콘크리트의 수화열을 대폭적으로 저감시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 염소이온에 대한 저항성이 상대적으로 높게 나타나 거대 해양 구조물의 적용에 매우 유리한 시멘트로 판단되었다.

• Cement Symposium
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• s.36
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• pp.61-67
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• 2009

• Cement Symposium
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• s.35
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• pp.115-121
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• 2008

• Composites Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.110-116
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• 2012

Recently, the development and field applications of Ternary Blended Cement(TBC), where blast furnace slag and fly ash are recycled in Ordinary Portland Cement(OPC) in order to obtain improvements in the durability and heat of hydration reduction performance in large scale civil structures, have been increasing. Also, there are continuing efforts by construction companies to reduce the construction time with the aim of reducing construction costs. Therefore, there is a need to improve the performance of TBC, which has a relatively slow early strength development. In order to improve the early strength of TBC mortar, the compressive strength, SO3 content, and SEM analysis was determined in this study on mortar with the fineness and content of blast furnace slag and anhydrite regulated. As a result, to secure the early strength of TBC mortar, using blast furnace slag with a fineness of approximately $4,200cm^2/g$, adding 3.5% anhydrite with a fineness of approximately $10,000cm^2/g$, and managing the $SO_3$ content to roughly 3.72% was found to provide the most outstanding early strength properties.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.797-807
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• 2008

For this study, the semi-adiabatic temperature rising test is accomplished by using ternary system cement (OPC, BFS, FA) reducing temperature crack. Two tests are conducted; one is for the paste test, and the other is for the concrete test. As the results of paste tests, using fly ash is better to reduce hydration temperature than doing blast furnace slag. In the case of the paste mixed ternary system cement, the more fly ash is mixed and the less blast furnace slag is used, the lower the temperature is. The less the mixture ratio of blast furnace slag is and the more the mixture ratio of fly ash is, the later the temperature rising velocity and descending velocity are. Besides, the temperature is lower if water/binder ratio is high. The use of ternary system cement has the retardation effect of temperature rising because the time to reach the maximum temperature is in the order of OPC100, binary system cement, and ternary system cement. From the test, the maximum temperature of concrete used ternary system cement is $8{\sim}11^{\circ}C$ lower than that of concrete used OPC100. Moreover, temperatures rising velocity and descending velocity of ternary system cement range $47{\sim}51%$ and $37{\sim}42%$ compared with OPC100. The specimen of concrete shows remarkable low internal temperature and slow temperature rising velocity and descending velocity compared with the specimen of paste because it is that temperature loss of concrete is much more than paste specimen according to aggregates.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.321-329
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• 2016

The use of ternary blended cement consisting of Portland cement, granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) and fly ash has been on the rise to improve marine concrete structure's resistance to chloride attack. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate changes in chloride attack resistibility of concrete through NT Build 492-based chloride migration experiments and test of concrete's ability to resist chloride ion penetration under ASTM C 1202(KS F 2271) when 1.5-2.0% of alkali-sulfate activator (modified alkali sulfate type) was added to the ternary blended cement mixtures (40% ordinary Portland cement + 40% GGBFS + 20% fly ash). Then, the results found the followings: Even though the slump for the plain concrete slightly declined depending on the use of the alkali-sulfate activator, compressive strength from day 2 to day 7 improved by 17-42%. In addition, the coefficient from non-steady-state migration experiments for the plain concrete measured at day 28 decreased by 36-56% depending on the use of alkali-sulfate. Furthermore, total charge passed according to the test for electrical indication of concrete's ability to resist chloride ion penetration decreased by 33-62% at day 7 and by 31-48% at day 28. As confirmed in previous studies, reactivity in the GGBFS and fly ash improved because of alkali activation. As a result, concrete strength increased due to reduced total porosity.