• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.701-708
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• 2017

The construction cost is estimated based on the drawings at the design stage and constructor will find efficient construction methods for budgeting and budgeting appropriate to the budget. Accurate quantity estimation and budgeting are critical to determining whether the project is profitable or not. However, since this process is mostly performed depending on manpower or 2D drawings, errors are likely to occur and The BIM(Build Information Modeling) program, which can be automated, is very expensive and difficult to apply in the field. In this study, 3D architectural modeling was performed using SketchUp which is a 3D modeling software and suggest a methodology for Quantity Estimation. As a result, 3D modeling was performed effectively using 2D drawings of buildings. Based on the modeling results, it was possible to calculate the difference of the quantity estimation by 2D drawing and 3D modeling. The research suggests that the 3D modeling using the SketchUp and the calculation of the quantity can prevent the error of the conventional 2D calculation method. If the applicability of the research method is verified through continuous research, it will contribute to increase the efficiency of architectural modeling and quantity Estimation work.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.212-227
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• 2008

Since 3D face can be rotated freely in 3D space and illumination effects can be modeled properly, 3D face modeling Is more precise and realistic in face pose, illumination, and expression than 2D face modeling. Thus, 3D modeling is necessitated much in face recognition, game, avatar, and etc. In this paper, we propose a 3D face modeling method based on 3D morphable shape modeling. The proposed 3D modeling method first constructs a 3D morphable shape model out of 3D face scan data obtained using a 3D scanner Next, the proposed method extracts and matches feature points of the face from 2D image sequence containing a face to be modeled, and then estimates 3D vertex coordinates of the feature points using a factorization based SfM technique. Then, the proposed method obtains a 3D shape model of the face to be modeled by fitting the 3D vertices to the constructed 3D morphable shape model. Also, the proposed method makes a cylindrical texture map using 2D face image sequence. Finally, the proposed method builds a 3D face model by rendering the 3D face shape model with the cylindrical texture map. Through building processes of 3D face model by the proposed method, it is shown that the proposed method is relatively easy, fast and precise than the previous 3D face model methods.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.455-456
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• 2006

This paper presents an automatic pose-normalized 3D face data acquisition method using 2D and 3D information. We propose an automatic pose-normalized 3D face acquisition method that accomplishes 3D face modeling and 3D face pose-normalization at once. The proposed method uses 2D information with AAM (Active Appearance Model) and 3D information with 3D normal vector. The 3D face modeling system consists of 2 cameras and 1 projector. In order to verify proposed pose-normalized 3D modeling method, we made an experiment for 2.5D face recognition. The experimental result shows that proposed method is robust against pose variation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.92-101
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• 1997

In this paper, modeling methods for 2D joints are proposed. Earlier methods for modeling 2D joints that use geometric relationships may not consider irregularities or dynamic effects of joints. In any case, it is important to consider irregularities or dynamic effects. To consider those, methods that use dynamic contacts are proposed. With the method, 2D joints that have irregularities or dynamic effects amy be model- ed and analyzed. 2D joints that are developed are revolute, translational, gear and point-follower joint.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.10-12
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• 2015

Purpose It has been stated that patient satisfaction is the crucial factor for determining success in plastic surgery. The convergence of medical science and computer vision has made easier to satisfy patients who wants to have plastic surgery. In this paper, we try to apply 3D face modeling in plastic surgical area. Materials and Methods The author introduces a method for accurate 3D face modeling techniques using a statistical model-based 3D face modeling approach in a mirror system. Results We could successfully obtain highly accurate 3D face shape results. Conclusion The method suggested could be used for acquiring 3D face models from 2D face image and the result obtained from this could be effectively used for plastic surgical areas.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.8-20
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• 2017

When it comes to set up the BIM through the reverse engineering, the level of detail(LoD) required for finalized outcomes is different from each purpose. Therefore, it is necessary to establish some concrete criteria which describe the definition of LoDs on 3D modeling for the purpose of each reverse engineering. This research shows the criteria of the 1) positional accuracy, 2) generalization level, 3) scale level, 4) scope of description, and 5) the area available for application by classifying LoD from 1 to 6 on 3D modeling for each purpose of reverse engineering. Moreover, through applying those criteria for the 3D point cloud dataset of building made by terrestrial LiDAR, this research finds out the working hour of 3D modeling of reverse engineering by each LoDs according to defined LoD criteria for each level. It is expected that those findings, how those criteria of LoD on reverse engineering are utilized for modeling-workers to decide whether the outcomes can be suitable for their budget, applicable fields or not, would contribute to help them as a basic information.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.393-400
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• 2017

Generally, in special effect video and 3D animation design process, character and background's 3D model is built by 3D program like MAYA or 3DS MAX. But in that manual modeling mode, model design needs much time and costs much money. In this paper, two experimental groups are set to prove use 2D photo scan modeling mode to build 3D model is effective and advanced. The first experimental group is modeling the same object by different experimental setting. The second experimental group is modeling the same background by different experimental setting. Through those two experimental groups, we try to find an effective design method and matters need attention when we use photo scan design mode. We aim to get the model from whole experiment and prove photo scan modeling mode is effective and advanced.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.531-537
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• 2023

Interior construction is required to estimate the quantity of material and the cost expected from 2D drawing in design phase and look for the reasonable method of work. Therefore, exact estimation for quantity and budgeting are very important processes, as a measure of judging the profitability of interior construction. These processes are mostly based on 2D drawing, so time and experienced staff are required. Error and omission can occur because the experienced staff also calculates the area using 2D based drawing. Interior market is currently based on 3D modeling from planning to final design. Accordingly, estimating quantity based on 3D modeling is emerging as a way of reducing error and omission. This paper will present the methodology on calculating area, the basic element of estimating quantity based on 3D Modeling in interior field.

• IE interfaces
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.258-267
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• 2003

Recently, virtual reality technologies have been rapidly developed and realtime virtual simulation methods have been extensively employed for several application areas such as game, sports, manufacturing, military, and so on. A 3D database in realtime virtual simulation plays a key role because it makes users feel reality in virtual space. In a application view of 3D database, a systematic construction approach is required to reduce its construction time and increase its quality. However, many researches have been mostly focused on realtime graphic issues and its key technologies. In virtual simulation of transportation equipments, this paper proposes a systematic construction process of 3D database consisting of four stages as follows: 1) determine the activity space of a equipment, 2) collect data related to 3D database construction, 3) make a 3-dimensional modeling strategy, and 4) generate and evaluate a 3D model. This paper also introduces a new procedure of 3D environment modeling, which summarizes and expands our modeling experiences, to be used as a modeling guide.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2011

This paper proposes an equipment and an algorithm for modeling the magnetic force of electromagnets in magnetic levitation systems. We assume that the magnetic force model is represented in terms of a 2D lookup table. The 2D lookup table is constructed by applying noncausal filtering and interpolation to data measured by the proposed modeling equipment. The proposed modeling equipment is designed such that it can measure the magnetic force exerted on the levitation object while it changes the voltage applied to the electromagnet and position of the levitation object. The algorithm of making a 2D lookup table has two stages. The data measured by the proposed modeling equipment is smoothed by a noncausal filter and then the 2D lookup table is obtained by interpolating filtered data. The proposed modeling method has advantages of time-saving, model consistency, and chance of automation for mass production. We show the validity of proposed method through control experiments.