• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2001

Collision is a brief dynamic event consisting of the close approach of two or more objects or particles resulting in an abrupt change of momentum or exchange of energy because of interaction. Collisions play very important role in computer graphics, computer games and animations fields. Collisions can supply active interaction between cyberspace and real world and give much interests for making nice games so reasonable collision detection algorithms are needed. Collision detection algorithms should satisfy being fast and accuracy. In this paper, we survey the 2D collision detection algorithms between geometric models. We present several methods and system available for collision detection.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.57-70
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• 2014

The study proposes an exploratory analysis on the success of animation films in Korea industry. It identifies animation films that have been successful in the Korean film industry during 2004-2013 period and explores (1) how the number of screens allocated to the films have been changed; (2) what are the major factors that influence the success of the films; (3) what are the differences between Japan and the US animation in terms of plots and genres; and (4) how the characteristics of the US animations are related to the success of the US market, the global market, and Korean market. Analyses show that the number of screens allocated to the animation films has been consistently increased due to the vertical integration of Korean film industry; and the (FTA) period, months in year (summer and winter break months for middle and high school students), and the number of screens allocated to the films were the major factors influencing the financial success of animations. It also finds that specific characteristics embedded in its own cultural trait were shown in the plots and genres in the animations. Lastly the study also finds that specific set of characteristics extracted from IMDB site influence certain markets. Budgets and actor's power were found to influence the success in the US market while period (pre-FTA, FTA, post-FTA) only influence the success in Korean market. The study points out that the success of the US and Japan animations in Korean film industry are due to the historicity of animation cultures which are not found in Korean animation industry.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2012

This paper presents a new mode of expressing a 3D assembly work for creating a 3D CG animation without judgment by human from minimal required information. In the field of manufacturing, there are favorable movements in the utilization of 3D CAD for 3D simulation to shorten lead time for product development and pre-production. But simulating an assembly work has troubles to need huge quantity of manually input data. This paper discusses what minimal necessary information for creating 3D CG animations of assembly works is, focusing on the features of assembly works. Furthermore, a new mode of expressing a 3D assembly work is proposed as "state/change transition diagrams" (SCTD), which express arbitrary scenes in an assembly work as "state" and describe a sequential assembly work with "state" and "change", and the outline of its stepwise generation algorithm is also described. SCTD can be converted to a 3D CG animation of an assembly work without judgment by human. This paper focuses on the creating 3D CG animation of assembly works which workers use only their both hands.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.183-185
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• 2013

As mobile devices have developed, flash animations suitable for the existing web have solved part of the weakness caused by the image quality deterioration and the transmission capacity, but it is difficult to express 3D stereo-scopic images. Also, for the real time-randering of visual expressions for animation and the device technique for smartphone to accord with commercial demands, it is required to develop the 3D image processing technique. This paper studied on the image processing method for 3D animation capable of 3D graphic rendering with view system of android and OpenGL M3G in an embedded system device and OpenGL ES 2.0 library.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.707-715
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• 2008

The ocean ecosystem and the marine farms were damaged after latest oil spill in Taean. They suffered heavily due to the expansion of the red tide on the coast and the sudden changes in water temperature. We should develop the way to deal with various factors to reduce the damage. In this paper, real time data with which are supplied us through many kinds of sensors on measure equipments will be processed to the visualized shape. Simple numeric data and 2D graph will be changed 2D or 3D graphic objects and animations using WPF, a new effect method in user interface area. This visualization system for environmental data shows us various pictures and offers multimedia data communication.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.53-79
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• 2016

The public interest and popularity of animation has already forecasted the value of animation as the leader of pop culture and cultural industry. The trend in animation changed from 2D to 3D animation, a new genre that appeared in the 1990s with the development of computer technology and innovative changes in media, and 3D animation secured its position in the 2000s. Researches on 3D animation are conducted in various ways. Integrating the area it shares with film and the area it shares with design, it is produced and consumed. This study focused on 'formativeness(design)', the basis of character design, and tried to find out how it is recognized by the audience, who actually watch and feel it. Also, it approached basic theory and tried to deduce logic that is easy to understand and can analyze design or formativeness which keeps changing. Lastly, this study regards the parts that viewers are not satisfied with as problems, and tries to find out a developmental direction. Among the animations for theaters that were big hits in 2015, this study focused on the characters of and . It reviewed errors and what was lacking in the previous studies, collected experts' opinions and made adjustment. Using the frame prepared through this process, it conducted a survey on study participants, the viewers, to see how it is perceived by them. Finally, it tried to find out the reasons why the audience felt that way through theoretical reviews and applications.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.152-158
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• 2023

In recent years, as computer-generated imagery has been applied to more industries, realistic facial animation is one of the important research topics. The current solution for realistic facial animation is to create realistic rendered 3D characters, but the 3D characters created by traditional methods are always different from the actual characters and require high cost in terms of staff and time. Deepfake technology can achieve the effect of realistic faces and replicate facial animation. The facial details and animations are automatically done by the computer after the AI model is trained, and the AI model can be reused, thus reducing the human and time costs of realistic face animation. In addition, this study summarizes the way human face information is captured and proposes a new workflow for video to image conversion and demonstrates that the new work scheme can obtain higher quality images and exchange effects by evaluating the quality of No Reference Image Quality Assessment.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.58-67
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• 2020

In this paper, the maintenance training manual of EV vehicle was produced by utilizing digital twin technology and various sensors such as IR-based light house tracking and head tracker. In addition, through digital twin technology and VR to provide high immersiveness to users, sensory content creation technology was secured through animation and effect realization suitable for EV vehicle maintenance situation. EV vehicle maintenance training manual is 3D engine programming and real-time creation of 3D objects and minimization of screen obstacles and selection of specific menus in virtual space in the form of training simulation. In addition, automatic output from the Head Mount Display (HUD), EV vehicle maintenance and inspection, etc., user can easily operate content was produced. This technology development can enhance immersion to users through implementation of detailed scenarios for maintenance / inspection of EV vehicles" and 3D parts display by procedure, realization of animations and effects for maintenance situations. Through this study, familiarity with improving the quality of education and safety accidents and correct maintenance process and the experienced person was very helpful in learning how to use equipment naturally and how to maintain EV vehicles.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.69-85
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, not only artificial intelligence, big data, robots, and biotechnology, but also cultural industries that require human creativity will lead. Among the cultural industries, the animation industry has high industrial utilization value due to its high connection with other industries. Among them, animation characters play the most important role as the subject leading the story of animation. In particular, the villain character not only serves as a medium for the main character to lead the story, but also captivates the audience with a different presence from the main character, adding to the fun and completeness of the animation. These characters consist of visual elements such as form and color, of which color is a tool that effectively conveys the character's personality and role to the audience, and is the first visual element to be considered in delicately describing the character's emotions and the relationship between characters. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the color of the villain character. To this end, we will select eight Disney animations to derive the characteristics of the villain character's color by analyzing the color, value, chroma, and color association of the colors used in the Disney villain character. As a result of the analysis, the colors mainly used by Disney to convey the villain's image were red (R) and Orange (YR), and there was no difference depending on the times or animation production methods. Second, the brightness of Disney villain characters appeared to be the same medium/famous regardless of the times and production methods, and the frequency of use of high brightness was very low. In terms of saturation, the frequency of use of high and low saturation was high. Third, blackish (Bk), Strong (S), dull (Dl), and deep (Dp) tones were mainly used for tones. In particular, in recent 3D animations than previously produced 2D animations, the use of low chroma and the high black mixing rate increased. Fourth, it can be seen that Disney uses color as a visual method to more clearly express the psychology of the villain character using color association. In conclusion, the color selection of animation characters should be carefully considered as a tool to convey the character's personality, role, and emotion beyond simply using color, and the color selection of characters using color associations and symbols strengthens the narrative structure. It is hoped that this study will help analyze and select the character color of animation.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2007

Three-dimensional mesh models have been widely used in various applications such as simulations, animations, and e-catalogs. In such applications the normal vectors of mesh models are used mainly for shading and take up the major portion of data size and transmission time paper over networks. Therefore a variety of techniques have been developed to compress them efficiently. In this paper, we propose the MOEC (Modified Octree Encoding Compression) algorithm, which allow multi lever compression ratios for 3D mesh models. In the algorithm, a modified octree has nodes representing their own positions and supporting a depth of the tree so that the normal vectors are compressed up to levels where the shading is visually indistinguishable. This approach provides efficient in compressing normals with multi-level ratios, without additional encoding when changing in compression ratio is required.