• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.3
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• pp.25-48
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• 1962

The polysaccharide C prepared from gum tragacanth powder (U. S. P. grade) by the precipitation method with 85% ethanol was a neutral polysaccharide, $[{\alpha}]^{30}_D-72.2$. The polysaccharide C consisted of L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose and D-galactose in the molar ratio 2:1:17:9 (Table 1, 2, 3, ). The polysaccharide C was methylated with dimethylsulphate and 40% NaOH, and Purdies regent. The hydrolyzate of fully methlated product ($[{\alpha}]^{22}_D-102$ in chloroform, the methoxy content 40.6%) was composed of 2, 3, 5-tri-O-methyl-L-arabofuranose (I), 3,4-di-O-methyl-L-rhamnopyranose (II), 2,3-di-O-methyl-D-xylose (III), 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactopyranose (IV), 2,4-di-O-methyl-L-arabopyranose (?), 2,4-di-O-methyl-D-galactose(VI), 2-O-methyl-D-arabinose (VII), and L-arabopyranose(VIII) (Table 4, 5, and Fig. 4). The first partial hydrolysis (A) of the polysaccharide C with 0.05N-HCl for 4.5 hours at $80-85^{\circ}C$ released only L-arabinose: the second hydrolysis (B) with 0.1N-HCl for 5 hours at $80-85^{\circ}C$, L-arabinose and D-galactose; and the third hydrolysis (C) with 0.3N-HCl at $90-95^{\circ}C$ in sealed tube, L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose and D-galactose. From the unhydrolyzate A' were found L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, and D-galactose; from B' L-rhamnose, d-xylose, L-arabinose and D-galactose; and from C' D-xylose and D-galactose respectively (Table 6). The periodate consumption and formic acid production of the polysaccharide C were measured at various time intervals. After 120 hours periodat was consumed by 1.23 mole per $C_5H_8O_4$ and formic acid was produced 0.78 mole per $C_5H_8O_4$ (Table 7). Although a definite chemical structure for this polysaccharide C may not be formulated, experimental data, especially, from methylation, partial hydrolysie and determination of its molar ratio, and periodate analysis showed that the polysaccharide C is a highly branched polysaccharide and would be constructed of galactoaraban as a main chain residue and L-arabofuranose, D-galactopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}1)$-L-arabofuranose, D-xylopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}2)$-L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}1)$-L-arabofuranose, and L-rhamnopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}1)$-arabofuranose, and D-galactopyranosyl-$(1{\rightarrow}2)$-L-arabopyranosyl-$(1{\rightarrow}1)$-I-arabofuranose as a branch chain or end group (page 21).

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2009

The CMOS RF front-end for Global Positioning System(GPS)are implemented in 1P8M CMOS $0.13{\mu}m$ process. The LNAs consist of LNA1 with high gain and low NF, and LNA2 with low gain and high IIP3 for supporting operation with active and passive antenna. the measured performances of both LNAs are 16.4/13.8 dB gain, 1.4/1.68 dB NF, and -8/-4.4 dBm IIP3 with 3.2/2 mA form 1.2 V supply, respectively. The quadrature downconversion mixer is followed by transimpedance amplifier with gain controllability from 27.5 to 41 dB. The front-end performances in LNA1 mode are 39.8 dB conversion gain, 2.2 dB NF, and -33.4 dBm IIP3 with 6.6 mW power consumption.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.197-200
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 가상 캐릭터 제작을 위해 표정변화가 가능한 얼굴의 3D텍스처를 구성하는 방법을 2가지로 제안한다. 하나는 3D 스캐너에서 입력한 얼굴 3D 텍스처에 얼굴의 3D 표준 모델을 정합하여 표정변화가 가능하게 하는 방법이다. 이 경우는 얼굴의 3D 텍스처와 함께 정확한 3D 형상 모델을 얻을수는 있으나, 스캐닝 비용이 고가이고, 장비의 이동이 불편하다. 또 하나의 방법은 전후좌우 4매의 2D영상을 통합하여 얼굴의 3D 텍스처를 구성하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 4매의 2D 영상에 3D 형상모델을 정합한 후, 4개의 모델의 높이, 넓이, 깊이를 통합하여, 대체적인 3D 형상모델을 얻고, 4매의 영상을 통합하여 개인 얼굴의 3D 텍스처를 얻게 된다. 이 경우는 2D 얼굴영상을 이용하기 때문에 저가로 널리 이용할 수 있는 방법이다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

Methane emission was measured in a rice paddy under different water management and organic amendments. Methane emission from planted chambers and unplanted chambers was monitored to evaluate the rice-mediated methane emission. In flooding methane emission from planted chambers with NPK, NPK(+P), was $0.174g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ while that from unplanted chambers with NPK, NPK(-P), was $0.046g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ Methane emission from planted chambers with rice straw compost amendment, RSC(+P), was $0.214g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from unplanted chambers with rice straw compost amendment, RSC(-P), was $0.076g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane emission from planted chambers with rice straw amendment in Fehruary, RS2(+P), was $0.328g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from unplanted chambers with rice straw amendment in February, RS2(-P), was $0.1g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane emission from planted chambers with rice straw amendment in May, RS5(+P), was $0.414g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from unplanted chamhers with rice straw amendment in May, RS5(-P), was $0.187g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. In intermittent irrigation methane emission from NPK(+P) was $0.115g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from NPK(-P) was $0.041g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane emission from RSC(+P) was $0.137g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from RSC(-P) was $0.06g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane emission from RS2(+P) was $0.204g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from RS2(-P) was $0.09g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane emission from RS5(+P) was $0.273g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$, while that from RS5(-P) was $0.13g\;CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Methane transport via rice plant under flooding for NPK plot, RSC plot, RS2 plot and RS5 plot was 73.6%, 64.5%, 69.5% and 54.8%, respectively, and mean was 65.6%. Methane transport via rice plants under intermittent irrigation for NPK plot, RSC plot, RS2 plot and RS5 plot was 64.3%, 59.2%, 55.9% and 52.4%, respectively, and mean was 58.0%.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 1959

1. 저자들이 1959년 7월 14일부터 22일까지에 강원도 설악산의 9개소 즉 장수태, 십이탕골, 백담사, 오세암, 수강동, 봉정암, 가야동, 마등령, 및 신흥사에서 주로 복숭아 trap 법과 sweeping 법으로 채집한 Drosophilidae 는 4 촉 4 아촉 22종 512 개체였다. 2. D.auraria, D. testacea, D.brachynephros, D.sexivitata, D.unispina, D.bifasciata, Amiota variegata, D.angularis 및 D. histrio가 다수 채집되었으며 Mycodrosophilachr과 Chymomyza 촉의 종은 본 채집에서 볼 수 없었고 다른곳에서 흔히 잡히는 D.bizohnata D.bizonnata, D.nigrmaculata 도 채집되어지지 않았다. 3. D.sexivittata, D.testacea 의 Polymorphism, D.brachynephros, D. angularis,D. unispina의 구별, D. lacertosa 와 Amiota variegata 의 crossvein, A. alboguttata 의 genitalia , D, histrio의 abominal band 및 crossvein , A. alboguttata 의 genitalia, D.histrio의 abominal band 및 crossvein $C_3$ bristle 문제를 검토했다. 4. D.kuntzeisms 한국산 Drosophilidae 목록에 새로 첨가할 미기록종이며 미지종 3 종 즉 A(A.) sp., d.(D.) sp., D.(S.) sp like helvetica BURLA 의 검토를 예의 진행중에 있다.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.667-685
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• 2022

This paper aims to investigate 4D printing materials for soft robots. 4D printing is a targeted evolution of the 3D printed structure in shape, property, and functionality. It is capable of self-assembly, multi-functionality, and self-repair. In addition, it is time-dependent, printer-independent, and predictable. The shape-shifting behaviors considered in 4D printing include folding, bending, twisting, linear or nonlinear expansion/contraction, surface curling, and generating surface topographical features. The shapes can shift from 1D to 1D, 1D to 2D, 2D to 2D, 1D to 3D, 2D to 3D, and 3D to 3D. In the 4D printing auxetic structure, the kinetiX is a cellular-based material design composed of rigid plates and elastic hinges. In pneumatic auxetics based on the kirigami structure, an inverse optimization method for designing and fabricating morphs three-dimensional shapes out of patterns laid out flat. When 4D printing material is molded into a deformable 3D structure, it can be applied to the exoskeleton material of soft robots such as upper and lower limbs, fingers, hands, toes, and feet. Research on 4D printing materials for soft robots is essential in developing smart clothing for healthcare in the textile and fashion industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.222-230
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• 2002

Various virtual reality methods are examined on the internet. In this paper, 3D implementations on the internet are discussed using Java3D and GL4Java which are based on the Java. 3D shoppingmall, real time 3D renderings, and various objects are implemented using Java3D and GL4Java, respectively. Especially with Java3D, the file formats of VRML97, OBJ, and 3DS are implemented using Java3D loader, which shows that object implementation in Java3D is better than other methods. Also, the comparisons between Java3D and GL4Java are discussed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.740-748
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• 2022

As circ_UBE2D2 has been confirmed to have targeted binding sites with multiple miRNAs involved in septic acute kidney injury (SAKI), efforts in this study are directed to unveiling the specific role and relevant mechanism of circ_UBE2D2 in SAKI. HK-2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct SAKI model in vitro. After sh-circ_UBE2D2 was transfected into cells, the transfection efficiency was detected by qRT-PCR, cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, and expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and Cleaved-caspase 3 were quantified by western blot. Target genes associated with circ_UBE2D2 were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. After the establishment of SAKI rat model, HE staining and TUNEL staining were exploited to observe the effect of circ_UBE2D2 on tissue damage and cell apoptosis. The expression of circ_UBE2D2 was overtly elevated in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Sh-circ_UBE2D2 can offset the inhibition of cell viability and the promotion of cell apoptosis induced by LPS. Circ_UBE2D2 and miR-370-3p as well as miR-370-3p and NR4A3 have targeted binding sites. MiR-370-3p inhibitor reversed the promoting effect of circ_UB2D2 silencing on viability of LPS-treated cells, but shNR4A3 neutralized the above inhibitory effect of miR-370-3p inhibitor. MiR-370-3p inhibitor weakened the down-regulation of NR4A3, Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 and the up-regulation of Bcl-2 induced by circ_UB2D2 silencing, but these trends were reversed by shNR4A3. In addition, sh-circ_UBE2D2 could alleviate the damage of rat kidney tissue. Circ_UBE2D2 mitigates the progression of SAKI in rats by targeting miR-370-3p/NR4A3 axis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 1983

A study was undertaken to investigate the persistence of 2,4-D and MCPP in two different Suweon soils under field conditions. MCPP was extracted from soil with aqueous calcium hydroxide solution and then derivatized to pentafluorobenzyl ester to enhance the electron capture sensitivity. Total recovery of MCPP from soil was 85.6% and the detection limit for 20g sample was 0.02 ppm. Ethyl ester of 2,4-D applied to soil was rapidly hydrolysed to 2,4-D with the half-life of less than 1 day. Half-life of total 2,4-D ethyl ester, including 2,4-D, incorporated into soils at a rate of 0.045 ㎏ a.i./10a was $4{\sim}7$ days and that of under laboratory conditions was $7{\sim}8$ days. Half-life of MCPP applied at a rate of 0.25㎏ a.i./10a under field conditions was $9{\sim}12$ days and that of under laboratory conditions was $12{\sim}23$ days.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.268-273
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• 1998

Two new triterpenoid saponins, named segetoside D and E, have been isolated from the seeds of Vaccaria segetalis. On the basis of chemical reactions and spectral data, structures of segetoside D and E have been established as: $28-O-[{\beta}-D-xylopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}4)-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)]-[5-O-acetyl-{\alpha}-arabinofuranosyl(1{\rightarrow}3)]-[4-O-acetyl-{\beta}-D-fucopyranosyl]-quillaic\;acid-3-O-[{\beta}-D-galactopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)]6-O-methyl\;ester-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ and $28-O-[{\beta}-D-xylopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}4)-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)]-[5-O-acetyl-{\alpha}-arabinofuranosyl(1{\rightarrow}3)]-[4-O-acetyl-{\beta}-D-fucopyranosyl]-quillaic\;acid\;-3-O-[{\beta}-D-galactopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)]-6-O-n-butyl\;ester-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$, respectively.