• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.78-81
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• 2010

Pericentric inversion is not rare in humans and is usually benign. However, pericentric inversion can lead to production of an unbalanced recombinant and might be a cause of repetitive pregnancy loss. Pericentric inversion of chromosome 22 is rare and only a few cases have been reported. We report a case of inv(22)(p13q12) carrier who had history of repetitive pregnancy loss including three spontaneous abortions and one fetal hydrops in which the chromosomal complement was rec(22)dup(22q) inv(22)(p13q12)mat. The maternal inv(22) and fetal rec(22) were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using region-specific probes (TUPLE1 on 22q11.2 and ARSA on 22q13). Because the identification of inv(22) or rec(22) in conventional karyotyping might be easily overlooked, great attention and additional molecular tests are required for accurate diagnosis of inv(22) and rec(22).

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2024

Chromosome 22 is an acrocentric chromosome containing 500-600 genes, representing 1.5%-2% of the total DNA in cells. It was the first human chromosome to be fully sequenced by the Human Genome Project. Several syndromes involving the partial deletion or duplication of chromosome 22 are well descibed, including 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 22q11.2 duplication syndrome, 22q11.2 distal deletion syndrome, Phelan-McDermid syndrome caused by a 22q13 deletion or pathogenic variant in SHANK3, and cat-eye syndrome caused by a 22 pter-q11 duplication. This review aims to provide concise information on the clinical characteristics of these syndromes. In particular, the similarities in features among these syndromes, genetic basis, and standard detection techniques are described, providing guidance for diagnosis and genetic counselling.

• 중국학논총
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• no.66
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• pp.63-84
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• 2020

王念孫在≪古韻譜≫收錄了≪詩經≫, 群經, ≪楚辭≫中押韻的例子。學術界對於王念孫古音觀念的研究方向主要側重於≪詩經≫, 與之不同的是本文的研究對象是≪楚辭≫。為了重新探討王念孫在≪古韻譜≫中主張21部之後又承認冬部單獨為一部這一主張, 本文通過對≪楚辭古韻譜≫裏的原例進行分析, 最後得出了從東部到冬部, 一共22個部。這個結果與王念孫最終所主張的古韻22部是一致的。

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.380-388
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• 1990

The MM-22 medical microtron at Korea Cancer Center Hospital is now operational for high energy electron and photon therapy, This microtron is designed to produce 5.3-22.5 MeV electron beams and deliver these to the treatment head through beam transport system with an intensity and stability suitable for cancer treatment. The availability of high quality radiation modalities from the MM-22 shows new possibilities in the treatment of deep seated tumours. Principle of operation, system structures and operating characteristics of the MM-22 are described in this paper.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.26.1-26.18
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• 2022

IL-22, a pleiotropic cytokine, is known to have a profound effect on the regeneration of damaged intestinal barriers. The tissue-protective properties of IL-22 are expected to be potentially exploited in the attenuation and treatment of colitis. However, because of the disease-promoting role of IL-22 in chronic inflammation, a comprehensive evaluation is required to translate IL-22 into the clinical domain. Here, we present the effective production of soluble human IL-22 in bacteria to prove whether recombinant IL-22 has the ability to ameliorate colitis and inflammation. IL-22 was expressed in the form of a biologically active monomer and non-functional oligomers. Monomeric IL-22 (mIL-22) was highly purified through a series of 3 separate chromatographic methods and an enzymatic reaction. We reveal that the resulting mIL-22 is correctly folded and is able to phosphorylate STAT3 in HT-29 cells. Subsequently, we demonstrate that mIL-22 enables the attenuation of dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis in mice, as well as the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Collectively, our results suggest that the recombinant mIL-22 is suitable to study the biological roles of endogenous IL-22 in immune responses and can be developed as a biological agent associated with inflammatory disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2009

Purpose : Purpose of this study was to determine correlation between Walter Reed Visual Analogue Scale (WRVAS) and Scoliosis Research Society-22(SRS-22) questionnaire for idiopathic scoliosis. Methods : For this study, to assess reliability, 224 middle school female students were applied the WRVAS & SRS-22 questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to know correlationship between WRVAS and SRS-22 questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to know causation between WRVAS and SRS-22 questionnaire. Results Positive correlation(.248) was found between WRVAS score and SRS-22 score. And SRS-22 was shown positive correlation compared with WRVAS as a result slope of .078 Conclusion : The WRVAS questionnaire is reliable positive correlation with SRS-22 questionnaire. It is valid and may be useful for clinical evaluation of idiopathic scoliosis patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1076-1081
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• 2003

The effects of dietary supplementation of JR-22, formula containing distilled extracts of traditional herbs on maximal exercise performance and endurance were evaluated in mouse and rat model. In acute forced swimming test with 4%∼8% of the body weight attached to the tail, it was shown that dietary JR-22 supplementation increased endurance in exercise performance. There was no change of blood lactic acid, ammonia, inorganic phosphorous ion and creatine kinase activity, however ATP concentration in muscle was increased by JR-22 supplementation. Also, insulin-like growth factor-l (IGF-1) concentration in blood was significantly increased by JR-22 supplementation. In addition, the oxidative damage induced by exercise was reduced by JR-22 supplementation. In these results, we suggested that JR-22 supplementation enhanced maximal endurance exercise performance by the mechanism of increasing ATP and IGF-1 concentration and reducing oxidative damage.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.825-831
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• 1999

This study was performed to determine the etiological agents in concurrent disorders in gastrointestinal and respiratory tract. Most of dogs had clinical signs including nasal and ocular discharge, coughing, vomiting, and diarrhea. Of the 22 dogs, seropositive rates of each virus were 54.5% (12/22) against canine distemper virus, 90.9% (20/22) against canine adenovirus 1, 36.4% (8/22) against canine adenovirus 2, 18.2% (4/22) against canine parvovirus, 81.8% (18/22) against canine hepatitis virus and 59.1% (13/22) against canine coronavirus. Canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus infection were 54.6% (12/22) in histopathological examination. In addition, mixed infections of canine distemper virus and adenovirus 2 were 9.1% (2/22). While simple infection of canine adenovirus 2 were 9.1% (2/22). E coli and Staphylococcus spp were isolated in facts as a rate of 72.7% (16/22) and 40.9% (9/22), respectively. Conclusionally, it is also estimated that environmental stress might be one of the causative factors.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.292-302
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• 1998

In this study, 14 refrigerant mixtures composed of R32, R125, R134a, R143a, R152a, and R1270(Propylene) were tested in a breadboard heat pump in an attempt to replace R22 used in most of the residential air conditioners and heat pumps. The heat pump was of 1 ton capacity and water was employed as the secondary heat transfer fluids. All tests were conducted under ARI test A condition. Ternary mixtures composed of R32, R125, and R134a were shown to have 4∼5% higher COP and capacity than R22 and hence they seem to be very promising candidates to replace R22. On the other hand, ternary mixtures containing R125, R134a, and R152a have lower COP and capacity than R22. R32/R134a binary mixtures show a 7% increase in COP and have the similar capacity to that of R22 and hence they are also good candidates to replace R22. Special care must be exercised when a suction line heat exchanger is used with these mixtures in air conditioners. Finally, the compressor discharge temperatures of all mixtures tested were lower than those of R22 by 15.g∼34.7t, which indicates that these mixtures would offer better system reliability and longer life time than R22.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.662-669
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• 1995

To clarify the effect of temperature during ripening on grain quality, rice plant which was grown under normal natural conditions untill heading stage was subjected various temperature regimes during grain filling stage. Three varieties, Odaebyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Dongjinbyeo were used. Grains on primary and secondary-rachis branches were harvested seperately and measured specific gravity, grain size and weight. The optimum daily temperature for grain filling of rice during ripening period was about 22$^{\circ}C$ and grain filling under alternating temperature(26/18$^{\circ}C$, day /night) was better than constant temperature (22 /22$^{\circ}C$) based on 1, 000-grain weight and yield. Grain size based on volume per grain was smallest under the constant temperature of 22 /22$^{\circ}C$. The size of secondary-rachis branches was smaller than primary-rachis branch. The difference in size between primary and secondary-rachis branches was biggest in Hwaseongbyeo, followed by Odaebyeo and Dongjinbyeo. The temperature regimes treated did not influence the grain size difference between branches so much. The 1000-grain weight was lighter under high temperature than low temperature in Odaebyeo, but reversed tendency was observed in Dongjinbyeo of secondary rachis-branches.