• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2006

Diagnostic monitoring in fish farms with land-based tanks and net cases was conducted in eastern, western, southern and Jeju island of Korea for the summer period from 2000 to 2006. Total 3,518-fish samples of marine and freshwater fishes in 25 fish species were tested for pathogens. Fish species tested were olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), fleshy prawn (Fenneropenaeus chinensis Osbeck), black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus), red sea bream (Pagrus major), black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli), sea bass (Lateolabrax japinicus), gray mullet (Mugil cephalus), rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and others. The infection rates by bacterial pathogens in the years of 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 were 22.4%, 34.5%, 14.1%, 15.3%, 17.7%, 13.5% and 5%, respectively. The infection rates by parasitic pathogens were 20%, 33.8%, 12.4%, 14.1%, 9.2%, 10.5% and 10.7%, respectively. The infection rates by viral pathogens were 22.4%, 13.5%, 10.3%, 5.4%, 9.7%, 10.2% and 15.8%, respectively. The infection rates by mixed pathogens were 10.3%, 0%, 44.9%, 50.9%, 31.9%, 38.4% and 39.6%, respectively. The rates of mixed infections were very low until 2001. The rates were higher than those of singer infections from 2002 to 2006. During the diagnostic monitoring from 2000 to 2006, the main bacterial pathogens were Vibrio (41.2%) and Streptococcus (28.8%). The infection rate by protozoa (85.7%) mainly including Scuticociliates and Trichodina was highest. The infection rate by viral necrosis virus (VNNV, 42.2%) was the highest of the viral pathogens.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.31-32
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• 2005

• Monthly Newsletter
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• no.207
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• pp.4-4
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• 2005

배평암 회장 체제의 성과와 향후 사업 방향

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the pathogens of blood stream infection (BSI) in children with hemato-oncologic disorders, to analyze susceptibility patterns of microorganisms to guide empirical antimicrobial therapy, and to compare temporal trends of the pathogen and antimicrobial susceptibility with those of previous studies. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of children with hemato-oncologic disorders whose blood culture grew pathogens at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 2011 and 2015. Results: A total of 167 patients developed 221 episodes of bacteremia. Among 229 pathogens, gram-negative bacteria (GNB) accounted for 69.0% (64.0% in 2002 to 2005, 63.4% in 2006 to 2010); gram-positive bacteria (GPB) accounted for 28.8% (31.3% in 2002 to 2005, 34.6% in 2006 to 2010); and fungus accounted for 2.2%. Among GNB, Klebsiella species (53.2%, 84/158) and Escherichia coli (19.6%, 31/158) were common. Staphylococcus aureus (48.5%, 32/66) and viridans streptococci (21.2%, 14/66) were frequently isolated among GPB. The susceptibilities of oxacillin and vancomycin in GPB were 54.8% and 96.9% (51.5% and 95.5% in 2002 to 2005; 34.1% and 90.5% in 2006 to 2010), respectively, whereas in GNB, the susceptibilities of cefotaxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and imipenem were 73.2%, 77.2%, and 92.6% (75.9%, 82.8%, and 93.4% in 2002 to 2005; 62.8%, 82.9%, 93.8% and in 2006 to 2010), respectively. There were no significant differences in the proportion of etiologic agents or the antimicrobial susceptibilities between the current study and that of the previous two studies from 2002 to 2010. Overall fatality rate was 13.1%. Conclusions: GNB predominated in BSI among children with hemato-oncologic disorders. The etiology of bacteremia and antimicrobial susceptibility were comparable to those of the previous studies. Thus, piperacillin/tazobactam can be used as the initial empirical antimicrobial agent in febrile neutropenia.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2007

To investigate the variations of physico-chemical factors and microbial population, in ten stations at water region of coastal area of Chagwi-Do, Nutritive salts, water temperature, transparency, suspended solid, salinity, COD, DO, pH, heterotrophic bacteria, were analysed three times in September, November in 2004 and February in 2005. Heterotrophic bacteria in surface water was $3.5\times10^1\sim1.16\times10^3\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim5.6\times10^1\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim7.8\times10^1$ and bottom water counted $4.5\times10^1\sim1.0\times10^3\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $1.2\times10^1\sim1.5\times10^2\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim4.4\times10^1\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$ in September, November 2004 and February 2005, respectively. The dominant species isolated from the coastal area of Chagwi-Do were identified to be Vibrio spp., Pseudoalteromonas spp. Psuedomonas spp, Bacillus spp., Alteromonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Psychrobacter spp., and Flavobacterium spp.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.261-265
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• 2009

Litter production, nutrient concentration of each component of litterfall and amount of nutrients input to forest floor via litterfall were investigated for three years from May 2005 through April 2008 in Pinus densiflora forest at Mt. Worak National Park. Amount of litterfall in 2005, 2006, 2007 were 3.070, 3.066, 3.099 ton $ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively. Average amount of litterfall for three years was $3.078{\pm}0.018\;ton\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. Average percentage of leaf litter, branch and bark, reproductive organ and the miscellaneous for three years were 61.9, 10.4, 5.2, 22.5%, respectively. Average amount of N, P, K, Ca and Mg returned to forest floor via litterfall for three years in this P. densiflora forest were 18.014, 0.878, 4.240, 7.349 and 2.172 kg $ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2007

In this experiment, 236 isolates of Botrytis cinerea isolated from the lesions of ginseng grey mold in 2005 and 2006 were examined for their sensitivity to fungicide inhibiting ${\beta}-tubulin$ assembly. The baselines of fungicide resistance were determined as 10.0 and $0.2{\mu}g/ml$ of $EC_{50}$ values for carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb, respectively. The ratios of isolates resistant to carbendazim in 2005 and 2006 was investigated to be 87.6 and 96.6%, respectively. In the case of the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb, the ratio of the resistant isolates was 23.6% for 2005 and 24.5% for 2006. The ratio of the resistant isolates to the mixed fungicide was fluctuated according to regions where isolates of B. cinerea were obtained. In Yeoncheon of Gyeonggi Province, 4.3% of the isolates used in the experiment was resistant in 2005 and no resistant isolate was obtained in 2006. Among 5 regions, the ratio of resistant isolates was the highest as 70.0% in Yecheon of Gyeongbuk Province.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.346-350
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• 2007

We analyzed the phenotypic changes in coagulase serotype of S. aureus isolated from clinical sources and nasal cavities of healthy persons, $1994{\sim}2005$. A total of 715 isolates, 408 methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from clinical sources and 307 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), were classified into eight coagulase sero-types, I to VIII. The most prevalent serotype in MRSA was type II (54.3%, 222/408) and followed IV (24.7%), III (10.9%), and V (5.2%), whereas the majorities in MSSA were type VII (30.9%, 95/307), IV (22.2%), V (22.2%) and II (7.1%). Among the isolates collected periods, significant changes of coagulase serotypes in both strains were observed. In MRSA strains, the serotype V was not detected until 1997, but rapidly increased to 18.5% (20/108) in 2005, and the serotypes III decreased from 27% (31/115) in 1994 to 0.9% (1/108) in 2005. A similar trend in MSSA strains was observed but serotype II strain was not detected in 2005. The antigenic shift and changes in the coagulase of S. aureus were confirmed.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2010

The epidemiological study was performed to survey the prevalence of fish pathogens in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus from 2005 to 2007. In this study, the fish pathogens were detected from 1,528 among 2,238 fish samples collected yearly in 5 sites from February, May, August and November. Annual incidences for three years show a yearly increase and there were 60.6% in 2005, 66.7% in 2006 and 72.3% in 2007, respectively. Seasonal prevalence was 63.5% in February, 67.4% in May, 75.1% in August and 64.4% in November for three years. The detection rates of 6 viral pathogens were 35.6% in 2005, 44.6% in 2006 and 24.4% in 2007 and the peak rate was 55.4% at adult size group (above 41cm). Viral nervous necrosis virus (24.7%) has been the most predominant virus in this investigation, while much lower rates were noted in viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (10.6%) and red sea bream iridovirus (0.9%).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1885-1890
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• 2007

금강 본류에 위치하고 있는 공주 지점은 복잡한 하도 형상과 지점특성으로 인하여 수문관측에 어려움이 많은 지점으로 유출분석 결과가 좋지 못하기 때문에 정밀한 유량측정을 통하여 신뢰도 높은 유량값을 제시하여야 할 필요가 있는 지점이다. 본 연구에서는 2006년 공주 지점의 수문관측 자료 및 유량측정성과를 이용하여 수위-유량관계곡선식을 개발하고 기존 성과(2005년) 및 상류에 위치하고 있는 금남 지점과 연유출률, 상 하류 유출, 평 저수시 동시유량 등의 유출특성을 검토하였다. 산정된 순 연유출률은 2006년 수위자료를 이용하였을 경우 금회 86.2%, 기존 48.3%, 2005년 수위자료를 이용하였을 경우 금회 81.9%, 기존 52.5%로 산정되었다. 금남 지점의 연 유출률은 2006년 수위자료를 이용하였을 경우 121.4%, 2005년 수위자료를 이용하였을 경우 77.4%로 공주 지점과 같이 다소 크게 산정되었다. 또한 공주 지점 상류 측에 위치한 금남 지점과 적절한 상 하류 유량 관계가 유지되었다. 본 연구에서 수행한 공주 지점의 측정성과를 이용한 유출특성 분석 결과, 기존의 성과에 비하여 좋은 결과를 얻은 것으로 판단되지만, 본 연구에서 수행한 유량측정에서도 많은 문제점이 발생하였기 때문에 이런 경험과 기술들을 지속적으로 축적한다면 향후 더 정밀한 유량측정성과를 확보할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 효과적인 치수 및 이수계획의 수립 등 수자원 개발에 가장 기초가 되는 정확한 수문분석 자료의 확보를 위한 기반을 마련할 수 있을 것이다.