• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to analyze body measurements, BMI and body type according to age in the male and female groups based on 3D scan body measurement data of adult men and women in their 20's~30's and to provide basic information usable in the clothing and fashion industry. For this purpose, we analyzed 3D scan body measurement data of 848 adults measured in the 6th Size Korea project and the results were as follows. First, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to age in the male and female groups, and in general the measurements of the height items were larger in younger adults and the measurements of the circumference, breadth and depth items were larger in older ones. Second, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to BMI in the male and female groups, and in general body measurements were largest in the obesity group and lowest in the underweight group. Third, BMI was different according to gender and in general BMI was higher in men and obesity and overweight were more frequent in men than in women. Moreover, BMI was significantly different according to age and was higher in the 30's than in the 20's. Fourth, the mean difference in the drop and lower drop values according to age in the male and female groups was significant, and the drop and lower drop values were lower in the 30's than in the 20's. These results are considered meaningful as data for the development of clothing size systems, patterns and grading in the areas of clothing and fashion targeting consumers in their 20's~30's.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.292-301
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to consider the bodyshape factor of adult women according to their age groups. Age groups were 20's, the first half of 30's, the last half of 30's, 40's, 50's. Factor analysis was performed and bodyshape factors were abstracted at sight of front and side line of the body. Results indicate that the bodyshape factors were different to each age groups, so, age is very important component to the change of body shape of adult women. A suggestion is when they make standard sizes of women's ready-made clothes, it is important to reflect thier characteristics of body shape according to each age groups and age can be a standard to classify the body types of adult women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.996-1006
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• 2002

A total of 321 salaried employees were surveyed by questionnaires during September and October 2001 in order to investigate the bases for their choices between 26 popular menu items in JinJu restaurants. The subjects were aged 20 to 61 years, and were classified into 3 age groups (ages 20-29, 30-39, and over 40) and 2 gender groups. The data were analyzed using the SAS program for factor analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The 26 popular menu items were classified into 6 factors by the 20-29 age group, into 5 factors by the 30-39 age group, and into 3 factors by the over 40 age group. The younger age group had the more numbers of factor which act as choice criteria of restaurant foods according to the purpose of eating out. 2) Because subjects classified steak and fast food into the same factor named 'new generation's food', we found that steak was an unfamiliar food for most of them, 3) The 20-29 age group had an aversion to Boshintang(dog soup), while the 30-39 age group and the over 40 age group liked Boshintang as a stamina food. 4) The over 40 age group, and men in all age groups, didn't choose Buffet and Shabushabu as a dinner food because they had negative attitudes toward novel or unfamiliar foods. 5) Women distinguished between a factor called 'social drink and party food' from a facor called 'dinner food', while men integrated the factor of 'dinner food' into the factor of 'social drink and party food' 6) Men preferred Samgyetang (chicken stew with ginseng) and Yangnyeumtongdak (spicy fried chicken) as a 'social drink and party food', while women preferred Dwaejibossam (boiled pork and kimchi) and Beef Bulgogi. In conclusion, most of subjects did not recognize fast food and steak as a meal, which were introduced recently in JinJu. The choice criteria and preferences of restaurant foods were different from the age and gender groups. The over 40 age group, and men in all age groups, had more negative attitudes toward novel or unfamiliar foods than the younger age and women groups.(Korean J. Nutrition 35(9) : 996~1006, 2002)

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.397-406
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze women's consumption and preferences of the Korean traditional drinks. For this purpose, 205 women aged between teens and 60s living in Seoul were sampled randomly for a questionnaire survey conducted from August 21 to 27, 2003. The results of this study were summarized as follows: The percentile of age groups accounted for 15.6% of the subjects in their teens, 19.5% in 20s, 18.0% in 30s, 20.5% in 40s, 13.7% in 50s, and 12.7% in 60s, respectively. On the other hand, those who graduated from colleges accounted for most (49.8%) of the subjects, those employed by companies for most (23.9%) and those earning 2 million wons or more for most (40.5%). Subjects' preferences about the traditional drinks were as follows: The most popular traditional drink across all age groups was Sikhe (29.8%: fermented rice drink), followed by Sujonggwa (10.7%: dried persimmons punch) and green tea (8.8%). Most of those in their teens and 60s consumed the drinks to relieve from the thirst, while those between 20s and 50s to be healthy. The majority (31.7%) of the subjects were consuming the traditional drinks once or twice per week. Those in their teens and 40s consumed the drinks between 3 and 5 o'clock in the afternoon, while those in their 20s, 30s and 50s as they want, and those in their 60s after exercise and as they pleased. 63.4% of the subjects across all age groups bought the drinks at supermarkets, and 60.5% of them were consuming 200ml each time. The reasons of subjects' preferences of the traditional drinks were as follows: The most important factor perceived by all age groups was taste (61.0%), followed by nutrition (15.6%). The most preferred point of taste was 'light' (51.7%). Those in their teens preferred the drinks without grains, while the other age groups preferred the drinks with some grains. Those in their teens preferred canned drinks, while the other age groups preferred the bottled drinks. Consumers' desire for improvement of traditional drinks were as follows: Those in their teens and 20s were satisfied with the current prices of the drinks, while the other age groups hoped for lower prices. On the other hand, those in their 50s answered that the drinks should not be sweet, while the other age groups hoped that the tastes of the drinks would be improved in diverse ways. 53.2% of the consumers hoped that the flavors of the traditional drinks would be diversified. 67.3% of them hoped that the traditional drinks would be improved to be functional drinks, while 54.6% of them hoped that the drinks would be processed in a more hygienic way.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.247-254
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• 2012

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze adult men's somatotype characteristics, age range from 20s to 50s comparing the direct anthropometric measurement values and to provide the basis information for developing clothing patterns. Background: The comparative study among the age groups is very fundamental to understand the body characteristics of each subjects group. Therefore, comparison of body measurements in age groups was applied in this study. Method: The anthropometric data from the $5^{th}$ Anthropometry of Size Korea(2004) and $6^{th}$ Anthropometry of Size Korea(2010) were applied for the data analysis. Results: As a result, the chest depth/chest width index(the value of chest depth divided by chest width) was increased and the waist depth/waist width index was decreased in all age groups. In addition, the hip depth/hip width index was decreased in age of 20's and 50's. This means that the chest width and hip width were decreased and the waist width were increased. From the data of the 5th Size Korea, the obese men(BMI: 25~30) in the 50s showed the highest percentage of 47.1%, and 44.8% of obese men(BMI: 25~30) in the 40s recorded the highest rate base on the data of the 6th Size Korea. Conclusion: It is concluded that the some differences were showed between the 5th anthropometric data and the 6th data. In particular, obesity tendencies of men in their 20's and 30's were observed significantly compared to other age groups. Application: These findings from the study can be utilized men's wear design and construction that reflect body characteristics.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.429-437
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• 2020

In this study, we examine the satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors on the perceptions of online lecture content among open and distance university learners, especially focusing on age groups differences. The result of the study shows that clear differences exist between age groups in regards to the factors which insure excellent course in online learning. For example, young adults in their 20s and 30s determined 'useful for practical life, 'screen sensitive to audiovisual', and 'recently created lectures' as the most influential factors for online learning content satisfaction. However, older age groups in their 40s and above apparently showed a high preference for factors such as 'instructor's enthusiasm and attitude', and 'clear and easy-to-understand explanations.' The findings of the study imply that learners' recognition concerning content satisfaction may differ depending on age groups. Moreover, this study suggests that considering the growing importance of online learning in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, age groups should be considered in developing online course content.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.5-11
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• 2014

Purpose - This paper examines Kazakh women's spending patterns and buying behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - After thoroughly reviewing the related literature on consumer behavior in general, and female consumer behavior in particular, both questionnaires and in-depth personal interviews were used to collect data from 400 Kazakh women consumers equally chosen from the age groups 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, and above 50. Results - A stratified and convenient sample was employed, and the selected five hypotheses were proved using the Karl Pearson Coefficient of Correlation. Related to spending patterns, 40 and 35 percent of the 20-30 and 30-40 age groups, respectively, of Kazakh women spend their incomes on personal items, as against 30 percent from both the 40-50 and 50 and above age groups. Twenty-five and 35 percent of the 40-50 and 50 and above age group, respectively, take decisions based on product quality, whereas this percentage is at its mite in the below 40 age group. Conclusions - The buying behavior of Kazakh women consumers is revealed; the results proffer useful background information to formulate marketing strategies.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2019

This study was designed to examine the affect health promotion behavior to emotional happiness for 20-30's in Korea through cross-sectional descriptive research. There were a total of 279 people who participated in this study, 198(71.0%) were males and 81(29.0%) were females. The data collection period was from December 1 to 15, 2018. The tools used to measure health promotion behaviors were HPB (Health Promotion Behavior) developed by Walker et al., and emotional happiness was PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Scale) by Developed by Watson et al., All data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. As a result of analysis, 62 (49.6%) were solving interpersonal problems and stress relief while drinking, and the people who ate twice a day were most frequent. In conclusion, health promotion behaviors have a strong correlation with emotional happiness. Based on the above results, it was suggested that the program of happiness for lining in the 20-30s age groups should strengthen the contents of health responsibility, guidance of substance abuse, formation of social relations and self actualization.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.184-193
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• 2016

This study investigates the recognition and preference of functional textile material about outdoor clothing widely used in the current fashion market. The study targeted 216 males and females in their 20s to 50s who wear outdoor clothing as casual wear. To analyze data, frequency analysis, cross tabulation analysis and ANOVA were conducted with the SPSS 21.0 statistical package. The results are as follows. First, recognition of functional textile material of outdoor clothing showed that 20s was the lowest preference and all age groups preferred lightweight textile material. In information recognition of functional outdoor clothing, 40s showed the highest recognition, while 20s showed the lowest recognition. Second, 40s and 50s preferred functional material to 20s and 30s. In particular, 40s and 50s preferred clothing items with water vapor permeability & water repellent material to 20s and 30s. All age groups preferred insulation material jumpers, water vapor permeability & water repellent material jumpers and stretch pants. Third, reasons for purchasing functional material clothing was: design for the age group 20s and 30s versus health and function for the age group 40s and 50s. It is necessary to develop functional clothing products based on exact consumer information and preferences.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1481-1497
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between serum lipid profiles, apolipoprotein E phenotype, and dietary patterns in a cross-section of healthy individuals from Cheju-Do. Age, gender, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, dietary consumption, drinking / smoking habits and menopausal status were surveyed. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, and insulin levels were measured from overnight fasting blood. The study involved a total of 286 individuals(147 men and 139 women) between the ages of 20 and 60 years old. All of the subjects were recruited from a population of healthy individuals living in Cheju-Do. The results of the study are as follows : 1) Among the males, those in their 20's had the maximum food intake, while those in their 40's had the minimum food intake. For the females, food intake was the highest for those in their 30's. Energy and nutrient intakes were directly proportional to the amount of food intake. Men in their 30's were heavier than other men and women in their 40's were heavier than other women. The activity index for men in their 20's and 30's appeared to be lower than that of men above 40. The activity index of women in their 20's appeared to be lowest among all aged groups, and the index appeared to increase from the age of 30 onwards. 2) In terms of changes In serum constituents with age, men in their 40's appeared to have the highest levels of serum constituents such as lipids, glucose, and insulin. Men in their 50's showed the highest levels of serum LDL-cholesterol and glucose. Men in their 30's showed peak levels of serum triglycerides. On the other hand, women in their 50's appeared to have peak levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. There was no ch:ange with age in HDL-cholesterol and insulin levels for men and women. The percentage of the subjects had the following apo E phenotypes : E3/3, 91.3% ; E3/2, 5.4% ; E4/3, 2.5% ; E4/2, 0.7%. Lee's reserch with Korean female college students showed that the percentage of ApoE3/3, E3/2, E 4/2, E4/3, and E4/4 were 84.8%, 6.7%, 6.7%, 0.9%, 0.9%, respectively. The number of samples with ApoE mutation was so small that there was no statistical significance in the relation between apolipoprotein E phenotype and se겨m lipids. 3) To investigate the relati onship between weight and serum constituents, the subjects of this study were divided into three groups by BMI underweight, normal weight, and overweight. The serum constituents of men and women below the age 40 in the overweight groups belonged to the normal domain. On the other hand, serum cholesterol levels of both men and women above the age 40 in the overweight groups remained in the borderline-high region(above 200mg/dl), and the mean value of LDL-cholesterol(above 130mg/dl) and triglycerides of men were above normal. Fasting blood glucose levels also remained in the borderline-high region. Total cholesterol levels of women above the age 40 in the overweight group was in the borderline-high region. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1481-1497, 1998)