• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to introduce the 'Matrixplasty' for the treatment of a severely incurved toenail with growth plate deformity and to report our results treating this disease entity. Materials and Methods: Between January 2010 and May 2010, 48 consecutive patients (62 cases) underwent treatment of symptomatic incurved toenails with the 'matrixplasty'. The mean period of time at last follow-up was $14.0{\pm}1.3$ months. The recurrence rate and complication rate were evaluated. An American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) forefoot hallux score was assigned and patients were evaluated at pretreatment and the last follow-up meeting. For evaluation of improvement in toenail shape, the center to edge angle of the toenail was measured at pretreatment and last follow-up. Results: All ingrown toenails healed and the nail deformity was corrected within 3 weeks after the procedure. Among the 62 cases, four cases had recurred by the last follow-up. The mean pretreatment AOFAS forefoot hallux score was $73.1{\pm}12.8$, and it improved to $98.7{\pm}1.1$ by the last follow-up (p<0.01). The mean center to edge angle of the toenail improved from $53.3{\pm}12.9$ degrees to $18.2{\pm}7.4$ degrees by the last follow-up (p<0.01). Minor paronychia, which was managed with local wound dressing and oral antibiotics, was identified in eight cases. Conclusion: Matrixplasty showed excellent clinical results in the treatment of severe incurved toenail (pincer nail) and this procedure also showed great improvement of the deformed toenail and its growth plate.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.31.1-31.1
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• 2016

SNe light curves have been used to understand the expansion history of the universe, and a lot of efforts have gone into understanding the overall shape of the radioactively powered light curve. However, we still have little direct observational evidence for the theorized SN progenitor systems. Recent studies suggest that the light curve of a supernova shortly after its explosion (< 1 day) contains valuable information about its progenitor system and can be used to set a limit on the progenitor size, R*. In order to catch the early light curve of SNe explosion and understand SNe progenitors, we are performing a ~8hr interval monitoring survey of nearby galaxies (d < 50 Mpc) with 1-m class telescopes around the world. Through this survey, we expect to catch the very early precursor emission as faint as R=21 mag (~0.1 Rsun for the progenitor). In this talk, we outline this project, and present a few scientific highlights, such as the early light curve of SN 2015F in NGC 2442.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 색종이를 찢어 붙이는 모자이크 효과를 표현하는 영역 분할에 기반한 색종이 모자이크 렌더링 기법과 모자이크 작품에 그림자효과를 추가함으로써 입체감을 표현할 수 있는 방법을 소개하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 색종이 모자이크 렌더링 기법은 입력영상의 특징을 영역분할기법을 이용하여 추출한 후에 모자이크 모양을 결정하기 때문에 기존의 보로노이 다이어그램을 이용하여 영상영역을 균일한 사이즈의 모자이크로 분할하는 방법보다 다양한 크기의 모자이크를 생성할 수 있으며 또한 이미지의 특징이 잘 표현 될 수 있도록 모자이크의 위치를 결정할 수 있다. 이렇게 함으로써 실제에서 나타날 수 있는 색종이 모자이크작품을 만들어 낼 수 있다. 그리고 붙여진 모자이크 종이의 두께 차이로 인해 생기는 그림자를 생성함으로써 실제 모자이크 작품에서 나타날 수 있는 입체감을 표현할 수 있다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2000

This study aims to examine the characteristics of the water quality variation in relation to the change of water exchange rate with respect to the development phases of the Pusan port. To clarify the characteristics, water exchange caused by the variations of coastline shape and water surface area was examined by the numerical experiments using the Lagrangian particle tracking model based on 2-D shallow water equation. As the results of numerical experiments, it was proved that the water exchange in the Pusan port was decreased mainly due to the port development and the breakwaters construction. During the port development phases from 1875 to 1998, 35% of the sea-space in the port had decreased to make hinterland spaces. This resulted in the loss of wet-land and coastline change as well as decrease of the water exchange rate at the sea side. The city population in that period had rapidly increased from several thousands to 4 millions, resulting in the large discharge of sewages into the port area. Under the these environmental conditions, it can be clearly said that the water quality in the Pusan port is sensitively affected by the discharge of urban sewages decrease of the water exchange rate in relation to port and urban developments. In the study, the temporal changes of water quality were discussed with respect to the port development phases. It was clear that the water quality wad controlled by the exchange rate change under the port development as well as the input impact into the port from the urbanized city area. To make clean sea of the Pusan port, it is suggested that the sewage control, the water exchange and coastline control should be systematically checked under the concept of eco-friendly development and environmental management.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 H.264/AVC 표준 중에서 움직임 추정기의 고속 움직임 예측을 위한 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 움직임 추정은 H.264의 비디오 코딩 과정에서 가장 많은 연산량을 차지하는 중요한 처리과정이다. 정화소 단위에서의 탐색에 비해서 부화소단위까지의 움직임 추정은 영상의 압축률은 높일 수 있지만 계산의 복잡도가 늘어나는 문제점이 있다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 정화소 움직임 벡터가 최종 움직임 벡터인 경우에 부화소 탐색을 생략하게 되며 그렇지 않은 경우 CBCDS (Center Biased Cross-Diamond Search)를 적용하여 부화소 움직임 탐색을 하여 기존의 전역 탐색 알고리즘에 비해 비교적 화질에 변화가 없고 탐색 지점이 81.4% 감소하는 결과를 보였다

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2004

The shape and size variations of the nanopatterns produced on a polymer film using a near-field scanning optical microscope(NSOM) are investigated with respect to the process variables. A cantilever type nanoprobe having a 100nm aperture at the apex of the pyramidal tip is used with the NSOM and a He-Cd laser at a wavelength of 442nm as the illumination source. Patterning characteristics are examined for different laser beam power at the entrance side of the aperture($P_{in}$), scan speed of the piezo stage(V), repeated scanning over the same pattern, and operation modes of the NSOM(DC and AC modes). The pattern size remained almost the same for equal linear energy density. Pattern size decreased for lower laser beam power and greater scan speed, leading to a minimum pattern width of around 50nm at $P_{in}=1.2{\mu}W\;and\;V=12{\mu}m/s$. Direct writing of an arbitrary pattern with a line width of about 150nm was demonstrated to verify the feasibility of this technique for nanomask fabrication. Application on high-density data storage is discussed.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 가스터빈 유로의 열유동 환경을 개선하기 위해 끝벽면 경계층 판을 이용한 방법을 적용하였으며, 이 방법에 의한 효과를 최대화하기 위해 경계층 판의 형상에 대한 최적화를 수행하였다. 터빈 유로를 모사하기 위해 $90^{\circ}$ 곡관을 이용하였다. 터빈 유로에서의 전압력 손실과 유로 끝벽면에서의 열전달 계수, 그리고 끝벽면 면적을 최소화하는 �微蛙� 판 형상 도출을 연구의 목적으로 하였으며, 최적화 과정의 효율성을 위해 근사 최적화 기법을 적용하였다. 연구결과를 통해, 최적화된 경계층 판에 의한 상당한 공력환경 개선을 확인할 수 있었으며, 열환경 개선 정도는 공력환경 개선정도에 비해 작게 나타났다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.549-559
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to study accumlated residual soils which may be one of the causes for yellowing of worn cloths. Wear and wash tests of white cotton undershirts were repeated at 30 households sellected at random over a period of 60 days. Laundry conditions were similar to home laundry habits in a fact-finding survey, using a powdery heavy duty detergent containing no enzymes or enzymes. The subjects in this study were survey of laundry actual condition, the undershirts from prior to and after the final washing was measured residual soils, $L^*a^*b^*$ value and mellowness index of CIE system. D3ta were analysed by simple correlation analysis of wear and wash cycle, residual soils, whiteness The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Using pattern of washing machine, Presoaking was no singinificant differnece in general characteristics of survey respondent. Laundry frequency was significant difference in income level, occupation of housewives whether or not. Use of cold and hot water was significant difference in residence shape. 2. The analyzed consequences of recognition and actual behavior in connection with laundry were found variables each other to have independence or not. 3. Amount of residual sebum soils is using non-enzyme detergent were much more than in using enzyme detergent, increased linearly with increase of the number of wear and wash cycles. 4. Residual protein soils with increase of the number wear and wash cycles less than in laundering more easy than sebum soils. Since accumulated residual sebum soils were much more than residual protein soils. 5. Increase of residual soils was raised mellowness index and diminshed whiteness. yellowness index of residual sebum soils was higher than protein soils. If increase of whiteness will be incresed, amount of residual sebum soils will be decreased sebum soils. Because amount of residual sebum soils much more than protein soils, yellowness index of residual sebum soils was more higher than that of protein soils.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-75
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• 2000

Most of biological treatment to remove contaminants in municipal wastewater have been conducted by activated sludge process. But, the process have several probIems such as enormous site needed for construction of treatment facilities, unstable treatment due to limited ability to control load fluctuation, frequent sludge bulking and appearance of lots of surplus sludge. In this study, the experiments were performed through submerging biofilm of PEPP media in existing aeration tank with raw water from municipal wastewater treatment plant and then submerging PVDC and PEPP media, different from shape and chemical peculiarity in anoxic reactor. Throughout the experience, nutrient removal efficiency according to HRT, nitrogen phosphorous removal efficiency, behavior of nitrogen and dewatering efficiency have been compared and analysed with those of activated sludge process. As the results, BOD removal efficiency according to BOD volumetric load and F/M ratio was not found any differency in two processes, but was decreased below 90% as going along the condition of high load in activated sludge process. Kinetic coefficient was $K_{max}=1.162day^{-1}$, $K_s=53.77mg/L$, $Y=0.166mgVSS/mgBOD_{rem}$. and $K_d=0.019day^{-1}$. It was found that the removal efficiency, even though in aerobic condition, in biofilm process equipped anoxic reactor was higher than the one in activated sludge process within the range of 70~80%, and became better as HRT increased. Phosphorous removal efficiency was not found any differency in two processes. In biofilm process, treament efficiency even in conditions of high load was not decreased, because the biomass concentration could be maintained in high condition compared with activated sludge process. As HRT increased, suspended and attached biomass was increased and the other hand, F/M ratio was decreased as biomass' increasing. Biomass thickness was increased. from $10.43{\mu}m$ to $10.55{\mu}m$ as HRT increased and density of biomass within $40.79{\sim}41.16mg/cm^2$. The results also present that the dewatering efficiency of sludge generated in biofilm process was higher than in activated sludge process, and became better as HRT increased.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.913-921
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 새로운 구조의 방향 탐지용 소형 안테나를 제안하였다. 제안한 안테나는 800 MHz 이상의 고주파 대역에서도 안테나의 복사 패턴이 일그러지지 않도록 끝이 구부러진 스커트 모양의 디스크가 연결되었으며, 200 MHz 이하의 저주파 대역에서 증폭기와의 임피던스 매칭이 가능하도록 다단 구조의 매칭 스터브가 삽입되었다. $20{\sim}700 MHz$에서 제안된 안테나는 60cm 다이폴 안테나에 비해 크기가 1/2로 축소되었음에도 불구하고 유사한 성능을 가진다. 또한, 다이폴 안테나와 달리 $700{\sim}1,300 MHz$에서 복사 패턴이 크게 일그러지지 않고 주 빔 방향으로 널이 발생하지 않으며 넓은 빔 폭을 가진다.