• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

The traditional Hanji-making was confronted with lots of industrial disadvantages and economic problems, due to the original hand-made process. Recently, the studies on the automation of overall Hanji manufacturing process is carried out by applying the commercial chemical pulping method in order to expand industrial application or efficiency of non-wood fibrous materials. However, the application of commercial pulping methods to the bast tissues of paper mulberry leads to the chemical and mechanical deterioration of cellulosic fibers. In this study, the optimal cooking method using the bast parts of paper mulberry produced by an auto-scraping device was applied to minimize the damage of fiber strength for the paper yarn manufacture. The pre-steaming treatment and alkaline pulping systems were evaluated in removal efficiency of lignin and pectin materials within the bast tissue of paper mulberry. With the application of pre-steaming treatment and 2 stage pulping system using potassium carbonate and then sodium hydroxide, kappa values were decreased two times more in lignin removal than the single stage of pulping method. It was also identified from SEM images and ATR-FTIR spectra that the pectin components within cellular structure of bast tissue were easily removed and the debarked bast parts by a auto-scraping device were easily defiberized by 2-stage pulping sequence using potassium carbonate/sodium hydroxide pulping system.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.447-455
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• 2013

Hemicellulose extract obtained by pre-pulping extraction of woodchips, is very diluted acidic in nature. The major component responsible for this weak acidity is acetic acid, present in levels up to 5~10 g/L. Here, we report an exploratory study on the extract upgrading by reactive solvent extraction of acetic acid as well as ASPEN simulation. In this study, liquid-liquid equilibria for the ternary systems (water + acetic acid + ethyl acetate) were measured at the temperature of 298.15 K and 10 (pH = 2.02), 5 (pH = 2.17), and 1 (pH = 2.48) percent of acetic acid samples were used to carry out liquid-liquid extraction studies using ethyl acetate. In a one-stage batch experiment, 96.0% of acetic acid could be extracted for the solvent when the ratio of organic-to-aqueous phases is 4:1. For simulation results, they were used to estimate the interaction parameters between each of the three compounds of the systems studied for the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The estimated interaction parameters were successfully used to predict the equilibrium compositions by the two models.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.26-50
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• 1982

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 효소(酵素) 알칼리 증해(蒸解)의 리그닌 용출거동(溶出挙動) 파악하기 위(爲)해 잣나무(Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) 목분(木粉)을 공시(供試)하여 $110^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$, $140^{\circ}C$, 및 $150^{\circ}C$의 5 수준(水準) 온도(溫度)로 60분간(分間) 1단(段) 등온(等溫) 효소(酵素) 알칼리 탈(脱)리그닌 처리(処理)를 행(行)한 후(後), 그 탈(脱)리그닌 반응속도(反応速度), 활성화(活性化)에너지 및 반응시간별(反応時間別) 알칼리와 효소(酵素)의 소비동향(消費動向)을 동역학적(動力學的) 방법(方法)으로 구명(究明)하였다. 그 결과(結果)를 보면 탈(脱)리그닌은 반응초기(反応初期)에 전(全)리그닌 함량(含量)의 2/5가량이 급속(急速)히 용출(溶出)되는 초기(初期) 산화반응(酸化反応)을 나타냈다. 탈(脱)리그닌 반응(反応)의 속도상교(速度常敎)(K)는 반응온도(反応溫度) $150^{\circ}C$의 경우, 소오다법(法)에 비(比)해 3배정도(倍程度) 더 컸다. 본 법(法)의 활성화(活性化)에너지 값은 크라프트나 소오다 펄프법화(法化)보다 1/3정도(程度) 낮은 수준(水準)이었다. 알칼리소비량은 효소(酵素)의 경우와 마찬가지로 반응초기(反応初期)에 총투입량(總投入量)의 1/2가량이 급속히 소모된 후, 완만한 소비협추세(消費趨勢)를 보였다. 탈(脱)리그닌 반응속도(反応速度)는 증해과정중 생성되는 유기산(有機酸) 때문에 pH가 감소됨에 따라 크게 영향을 받았다. 또한 증해용출(蒸解溶出)된 리그닌은 잘 침전(沈澱)되지 않을 만큼 저분자화(低分子化) 됨을 알수 있었다. 리그닌의 메톡실기(基)는 급속히 감소(減少)되는데 반(反)해, 페놀성(性) 하이드록실기(基), 카보닐기(基) 및 카복실기(基)는 증가(增加)추세를 보였다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2024

In this study, environmental evaluation of high barrier coated paper (coating layer/paper) packaging is conducted in comparison with conventional aluminum laminated (PET/VMPET/LLDPE) plastic packaging. The target product for this packaging is a KF94 mask, which requires a high barrier of water and oxygen to maintain the filtration ability of the mask filter. The functional unit of this study is 10,000 mask packaging materials based on a material capable of blocking oxygen (<1 g/m²day) and moisture (<3 g/m²day) for the preservation of KF94 masks. In order to understand the results easily, paper-based mask packaging system divided into 6 stages (pulp, pulping & paper making, calendaring & coating, printing, packing and waste management), while plastic-based mask packaging consists of 5 stages (material production, processing, printing, packing, waste management) In case of paper-based mask packaging, most contributing stage is calendaring & coating, resulting from heat and electricity production. On the other hand, plastic-based mask packaging is contributed more than 30% by material production, specifically due to linear low density polyethylene and purified terephthalic acid production. The comparison results show that global warming potential of paper-based mask packaging has 32% lower than that of plastic-based mask packaging. Most of other impact indicators revealed in similar trend.