• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.2A
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• pp.123-130
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• 2012

A cooling system is indispensable for the fossil and nuclear power plants which produce electricity by rotating the turbines with hot steam. A cycle of the typical cooling system includes pumping of seawater at the intake pump house, exchange of heat at the condenser, and discharge of hot water to the sea. The cooling type of the nuclear power plants in Korea recently evolves from the conventional surface intake/discharge systems to the submerged intake/discharge systems that minimize effectively an intake temperature rise of the existing plants and that are beneficial to the marine environment by reducing the high temperature region with an intensive dilution due to a high velocity jet and density differential at the mixing zone. It is highly anticipated that the future nuclear power plants in Korea will accommodate the submerged cooling system in credit of supplying the lower temperature water in the summer season. This study investigates the approach flow patterns at the velocity caps and discharge flow patterns from diffusers using the 3-D computational fluid dynamics code of $FLOW-3D^{(R)}$. The approach flow test has been conducted at the velocity caps with and without a cap. The discharge flow from the diffuser was simulated for the single-port diffuser and multi-ports diffuser. The flow characteristics to the velocity cap with a cap demonstrate that fish entrainment can significantly be minimized on account of the low vertical flow component around the cap. The flow pattern around the diffuser is well agreed with the schematic diagram by Jirka and Harleman.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2002

The paper deals with a fully assumed strain soild element that can be used for modeling of thin sensors and actuators. To solve fully coupled field problems, the eledtric potential is regarded as a nodal degree of freedom in addition to three translations in an eighteen node assumed strain soild element. Therefore, the induced electric potential can be calculated for a prescribed load and the actuation displacement can be computed for an input voltage. Since the assumed strain solid element can alleviate locking. A finite element code is developed based on the formulation and typical numerical examples are solved for code validation. Using the code, we have conducted parametric study for THUNDER actuator. It is found that a particular combination of materials for layer curvature of THUNDER improves the actuation displacement.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.407-419
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• 2008

In this study, the transition Reynolds number of compressible axi-symmetric sharp cone boundary layer is predicted by using a linear stability theory and the -method. The compressible linear stability equation for sharp cone boundary layer was derived from the governing equations on the body-intrinsic axi-symmetric coordinate system. The numerical analysis code for the stability equation was developed based on a second-order accurate finite-difference method. Stability characteristics and amplification rate of two-dimensional second mode disturbance for the sharp cone boundary layer were calculated from the analysis code and the numerical code was validated by comparing the results with experimental data. Transition prediction was performed by application of the -method with N=10. From comparison with wind tunnel experiments and flight tests data, capability of the transition prediction of this study is confirmed for the sharp cone boundary layers which have an edge Mach number between 4 and 8. In addition, effect of wall cooling on the stability of disturbance in the boundary layer and transition position is investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.649-656
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• 2013

High-lift devices have a major influence on takeoff, landing and stall performance of an aircraft. Therefore, a slotted flap design optimization process is proposed in this paper to obtain the most effective flap configuration from supported 2D flap configuration. Flap deflection, Gap and Overlap are considered as main contributors to flap lift increment. ANSYS Fluent 13.0.0$^{(R)}$ is used as aerodynamic analysis software that provides accurate solution at given flight conditions. Optimum configuration is obtained by Sequential Quadratic Programing (SQP) algorithm. Performance of the aircraft with optimized flap is estimated using Aircraft Design Synthesis Program (ADSP), the in-house performance analysis code. Obtained parameters such as takeoff, landing distance and stall speed met KAS-VLA airworthiness requirements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

A numerical analysis is made of the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in the corrugated structure that traps the spent air in the corrugations between impinging jets to reduce crossflow effects on downstream jets in the array. All computations are performed by considering three-dimensional, steady state, and incompressible flow by using the ANSYS-CFX 15.0 code. Averaged jet Reynolds number is 10,000. The oblique angles of impingement jets on the spanwise section are $70^{\circ}$, $80^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and the oblique angles of impingement jets on the streamwise section are $70^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $110^{\circ}$. The investigation focuses on the oblique angle influence of impinging jet array on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of a corrugated structure.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.115-119
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• 2008

In this paper, the linearity of Doherty power amplifier has been improved by applying a new Photonic Bandgap(PBG) structure on the output of amplifier. The reposed spiral PBG structure is a two-dimensional(2-D) periodic lattice patterned on a dielectric slab that does not require nonplanar fabrication process. This structure has more broad stopband and high suppression performance than the conventional three cell PBG. Also, It has a sharp skirt property. We obtained the 3rd-order intermodulation distortion(IMD3) of -33dBc for CDMA applications with that of maintaining the constant power added efficiency(PAE), the IMD3 performance is improved as much as -8 dB compared with a Doherty power amplifier without PBG structure. Moreover, the physical length of PBG is shortened, therefore the whole amplifier circuit size is considerably reduced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.93-98
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• 2007

The air velocity flowing in inner combustion chamber of SCramjet is supersonic and the time of its stay is very short as a few milliseconds. Within this short time, fuel injection， air-fuel mixing, and combustion process should be accomplished. Several methods are suggested for mixing enhancement. Among these, cavity is selected to study for mixing characteristics. The numerical simulation is performed in the case of freestream Mach number of 2.5 and cavity located in front of fuel jet injection. 3 different sized cavities of the same length-height ratio were used in order to recognize the effect about cavity size. Also, the case without cavity was analyzed to find the effect of cavity. Used code compared with the result of experiment under identical conditions and it was verified. Through this comparison and verification, mixing enhancement by cavity size could be confirmed.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.199-207
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• 2013

Recently, hacking is seen as a criminal activity beyond an activity associated with curiosity in the beginning. The malignant bot which is used as an attack technique is one of the examples. Malignant Bot is one of IRC Bots and it leaks user's information with attacker's command by attacking specified IP range. This paper will discuss an access method and a movement process by analyzing shadowbot which is a kind of a malignant Bot and will suggest possible countermeasure. This study has two distinct features. First, we analyze malignant Bot by analyzing tools such as VM ware. Second, we formulate a hypothesis and will suggest possible countermeasure through analyzing malignant Bot's access method and movement. Performance evaluation will be conducted by applying possible countermeasure to see if it can prevent attacks from malignant bot.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2007

An analytical closed-form solution for wave propagation velocity and damping in saturated porous media is presented in this paper The fully coupled field model with compressible solid Brains and pore water were used to derive this solution. An engineering approach for the analysis of fully saturated porous media was adopted and closed-form solutions for one dimensional wave propagation in a homogeneous domain were derived. The solution is highly versatile in that it considers compression of the solid grains, compression of the pore water, deformation of the porous skeleton, and spatial damping and can be used to compute wavespeeds of first and second kind and damping coefficients in various geologic materials. This solution provides a means of analyzing the influence of material property variations on wavespeed and attenuation. In Part 2 of this work the theoretical solution is incorporated into the numerical code and the code is used in a parametric study on wave propagation velocity and damping.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1083-1096
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• 2015

This study utilised Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) for preliminary assessment of mixing efficiencies of 2-phase fluids in a pipe at which a slurry flow and an injected solidifier join, for the purposes of reducing trial-and-error-based instances of physical experiments and conducting the overall research in an economical way. Using OpenFOAM$^{(R)}$, we simulated behavior of 3-phase fluids under 18 different settings generated by changing diameters of a dredged soil transportation pipe, a quality improving material injection pipe and the confluence angle. While difference in mixing efficiencies amongst the instances was insignificant, discernible boundary layers amongst the materials were observed in all of the instances. In order to break the boundary layers, we designed a substructure inside a pipe and found out that it could remarkably improve mixing efficiencies particularly for short distance applications.