• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.566-576
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• 2004

Purpose: The study was to determine variables related to the depressive impact of emotional labor among workers. Method: 443 respondents were surveyed through the NIOSH generic job stress questionnaire from December 1st through December 30th, 1999. Results: 1. Employment type and job insecurity showed a significant relationship with developing depression, load and role ambiguity. 5. Intervention programs and effective communication networks are needed to help workers cope with their job stress in a positive manner. Conclusions: First, given the correlation between the frequency of avoiding tactics and depression levels, an intervention program is needed to help workers cope with their job stress in a positive manner, Lastly, because role ambiguity was one of the main causes of depression among workers who perform emotional labor, establishing an effective communication network is important to make communication flow within the workplace clear and open.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.238-247
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between nurslng students' self-differentiation, their stress level and stress coping strategies. And following research questions were established. First, what is the difference of the stress level depending on the self-differentiation? Second, what is the difference of stress coping strategies in accordance with the self-differentiation? Participants for this study were 159 students selected from the 1st grades of G University, located in Incheon Metropolitan city. SPSS 10.0 statistic program was taken for drawing its frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation. And t-test, F-test, correlation and multiple regression were conducted. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score for the level of self- differentiation, level of stress, level of stress coping strategies were 3.59, 2.50, 3.35. 2. The relationship between self-differentiation and stress level revealed a negative significant correlation 3. The relationship between self-differentiation and stress coping strategies revealed a no significant correlation. 4. The relationship between stress level and stress coping strategies revealed a no significant correlation. Conclusion: The results of investigating the variation differences depending on stress level, self-differentiation, and stress coping strategies were revealed self-differentiation and stress coping strategies explained stress level by 28.6%.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of abdominal aroma massage on constipation in college women with functional constipation. Methods: The participants were 24 college women residing in a dormitory of D college located in Gangwon Province. Thirteen were selected for the abdominal aroma massage group (experimental) and 11 for the simple abdominal massage group (control). The experimental treatment was abdominal aroma massage given 5 days a week for 2 weeks. The aroma massage was given using aroma oil mixed with lemon, lavender, rosemary, and cyprus with carrier oil. Weekly defecation frequency, length of time for defecation, and constipation assessment score were measured before the treatment and at 1 week, and 2 weeks after the treatment. Effects of the treatment were tested using repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS program. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups, but there was a significant difference within the experimental group in length of time for defecation (1st and 2nd week) and in constipation assessment score (2nd week). Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that abdominal aroma massage is useful in relieving constipation and can contribute to the reduction of use of stool softeners, suppositories, or enemas. after different duration of experiment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to identify factors associated with fatigue in pediatric patients with cancer in order to develop nursing interventions for this population. Methods: The participants were 95 pediatric cancer patients admitted to a university medical center in Seoul, Korea, and 95 parents. The $PedsQL^{TM}$, Multidimensional Fatigue Scale developed by Varni (2002) was used to measure fatigue. Data were analyzed with the SAS program and t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were used to identify the association of factors with fatigue. Results: The mean score for fatigue was 30.42 in the pediatric cancer patients and 34.77 in the parents. Fatigue was higher in patients living with a single parent, in patients whose father had a lower education and those patients with a fever. Pain, frequency and intensity of nausea and vomiting, depression, anxiety, and disruption of usual activity were positively associated with fatigue. The predictive factors for fatigue were disruption of usual activity, depression and living with or without parents. Conclusion: Pediatric patients with cancer experienced fatigue during their diagnosis and treatment. Of the multiple factors associated with fatigue, the association between disruption of usual activity and fatigue was the highest indicating a need to be concerned with this factor when providing interventions to alleviate fatigue.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the Korean women's attitude toward sex in their 20s in order to investigate the relationship between attitude toward sex and preventive behavior against cervical cancer. Method: The data was collected by conducting a survey in parts of Chungcheongbuk provinces from November 1st to the 10th, 2017, with a total of 353 respondents. Frequency analysis, chi-square test and logistic-regression analysis were conducted. Result: A result of logistic-regression analysis, the degree of preventive behavior against cervical cancer of those who were 'conservative' toward sex was 1.866 times greater, significantly. As the attitude toward sex becomes more liberal, the awareness of the necessity for preventive behavior against cervical cancer may possibly become lower. Conclusion: Therefore it is necessary to work in tandem with the school health program to increase preventive behavior against cervical cancer for the women in their 20s through early education and promotion.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2022

The Korean government announced the "1st Basic Plan for the Transition to Hydrogen Economy" in 2021 and declared the establishment of a hydrogen industry ecosystem by 2040. To build a low-carbon power system, resources that can efficiently accommodate renewable energy are required, and green hydrogen is considered a potential solution. This study analyzed the economic feasibility of green hydrogen-based sector coupling to reduce curtailment of renewable generation in the Jeju power system by 2025 under the scenario of with or without HVDC#3. The result showed that HVDC#3 significantly reduced the frequency of curtailment from 16.1% to 3.0%. In addition, green hydrogen-based sector coupling was an economically feasible option as result showed an IRR of 4.86% when HVDC#3 was connected and 11.45% when it was not under the condition of achieving 50% curtailment reduction. This study shows that the higher the level of renewable energy deployment, the more delayed the HVDC connection between Jeju and the main land, and the lower the SMP, the more economically feasible the green hydrogen-based sector coupling is. Furthermore, this study suggests that the policy goal of completely reducing curtailment is not economically efficient.

• 암석학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.12-26
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• 2007

12개 지역에서 분포하는 108개소의 중생대 화강암류의 석산에서 발달하는 수직의 1번 및 2번 면에 대한 분포 특성을 규명하였다. 각 지역에서 발달하는 수직 결의 방향성은 다양하다. 그러나 전국의 이들 수직 면은 전반적으로 북북동 방향이 우세하다. 수직면의 방향을 종합한 광역 분포도에서 이들 면의 빈도 등급별방향을 살펴보면 (1) $N2{\sim}10^{\circ}E(1st-order),\;(2)\;N15{\sim}25^{\circ}E(2nd-order),\;(3)\;N45{\sim}70^{\circ}E,\;N10{\sim}30^{\circ}W$ 및 $N70{\sim}80^{\circ}W(3rd-order)$ 방향의 3조의 우세 배향을 보여준다. 수평 채석면과 수직 채석면의 상대적인 분리성에 의한 화강암 석산의 유형은 R-유형, G-유형 및 H-유형의 3 종류로 분류되었다. 1번 면이 수평면을 형성하고, 2번 및 3번 면이 수직면을 형성하는 유형(R-유형), 2번 면이 수평면을 형성하고, 1번 및 3번 면이 수직면을 형성하는 유형(G-유형), 3번 면이 수평면을 형성하고, 1번 및 2번 면이 수직면을 형성하는 유형(H-유형) 등이다. 트라이아스기 화강암류의 석산은 R-유형 및 G-유형, 쥬라기 화강암류의 석산은 R-유형, G-유형 및 H-유형 그리고 백악기 화강암류의 석산은 주로 R-유형으로 각각 분류되었다. 이러한 석산 유형 중, 쥬라기 화강암류의 석산에서 가장 다양한 유형이 확인되었다. 유형별 분포비율을 살펴보면, R-유형의 분포비율이 77.8%를 차지하여 22.2%를 차지하는 G-유형 및 H-유형에 비하여 분포비율이 높다. 일반적으로 화강암질암에서는 흔히 물성의 이방성이 확인되며, 할석면의 방향과 열린 미세균열의 방향과는 상호 밀접한 상관성이 있다. 한편 관련 연구사례를 통하여 미세균열의 우세한 방향은 치대 압축 주응력의 방향을 지시함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3123-3131
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• 2012

본 연구자는 만8세 미만의 초등학교 여아들의 조기성조숙 현황을 조사하고 조기성조숙에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대해서 연구하고자 하였다. 고령군에 소재한 초등학교 G, D 2개의 초등학교 1,2,3학년 여학생을 전수 253명을 대상으로 학부모의 동의를 얻어 성 발달정도 및 비만의 정도, 생활습관(운동습관, 식습관, 수면습관 등), 가정환경 등을 조사하여 조기성조숙 발현의 영향인자를 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 총 253명의 학생을 대상으로 조사하였으며 각 연령에서 성조숙 현상을 보인 여아는 6세 90명중 에서 7명(7.8%), 7세 68명 중에서 9명(13.2%), 8세 95명 중 50명(52.6%)으로 나타났고 전체 253명중 66명(26.1%)이였다. 조기성조숙에 영향을 미치는 인자로 통계적으로 유의성이 나타난 것은 비만도, 인스턴트섭취빈도, TV시청시간, 스트레스, 가족형태(결손가정)이었다. 비만도가 높을수록, 인스턴트 섭취 빈도가 높을수록, 스트레스가 많을수록, 결손가정에서 성 발달이 빨랐다. 본 연구의 결과 만8세 미만의 초등학교 저학년 여아 중 26.1%가 조기성조숙으로 나타났으며, 조기성조숙의 발현에 영향을 미치는 인자는 비만도, 인스턴트섭취 빈도, 스트레스, 가족형태(결손가정)등으로 조사 되었다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2007

본 연구에서, 금강의 작은 지류 하천들인 31개 소하천들을 대상으로 2003년 10월부터 11월까지 어류상, 군집분석 및 하천 형태에 대한 연구를 수행하혔다. 조사된 소하천들은 하폭, 수심, 하상 구성물질, 하천식생 및 주변의 토지 이용도에 따라 산지형, 산지-평지형, 평지형, 농수로형소하천의 4가지 유형으로 구분 대별되었다. 조사기간 중 서식이 확인된 어류는 4과 8종이었으며, 잉어과 어류가 다른 분류군에 비해 가장 높게 나타났고, Rhynchocypris oxycephalus가 419개체로 전체의 73%로 우점종으로 나타났다. R. oxycephalus는 100%산림지역과 연계된 지역이면서 점오염원 및 비점오염원이 전혀 없는 5개의 모든 산지형 소하천(SM)에서 출현한 유일한 종으로 나타났다. 또한, 본 조사대상 소하천들에서 출현한 종들 중R. oxycephalus의 출현비율은 하천의 하상구성 인자 중 모래 (Sand, Sa)와 작은 자갈(Pebble, Pe)로 구성된 하천들 보다 암반(Bedrock, Be)과 큰돌(Boulder, Bo)로 이루어진 하천들에서 양의 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다(r=0.754, p<0.001, n=31). 2007견 환경부에서 공표한 생물학적 수질기준안에 의거할 때 본 산지형 소하천(SM)지역은 "최적상태"로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 국내 하천들의 최상류역에 서식하는 것으로 알려진 종들의 일반적인 경향과 일치하는 것으로 사료되었다. 유형별로 산지형 소하천(SM)에서 R. oxycephalus 1과 1종, 산지-평지형 소하천(MF)에서 R. oxycephalus등 4과 6종, 평지형 소하천 (FL)에서 R. oxycephalus 등 4과 8종, 농수로형 소하천(AW)에서 R. oxycephalus등 2과 2종의 서식이 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과에 따르면, 오염원이 전혀 없고, 산림으로 둘러 쌓인 하천에서 출현한 R. oxycephalus는 생물학적 수질판정시 1급수 지역에서 최대 값을 보이는 생태지표종 중의 하나로서 사료되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.659-669
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• 2000

Many patients of acute myocardial infarction showed delay time before seeking treatment although they needed immediate thrombolytic therapy once they perceived their symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify the relationship between clinical symptoms and the delay, and to find the time spent before seeking the treatment. This study was a retrospective research. The delay time for the treatment consisted of the length of delay from symptom onset to patients' decision (T1), from patients' decision making to finding transportation (T2), and from taking transportation to the first hospital arrival(T3). The subjects were 89 patients who were admitted in the ICU and Cardiac Ward at Chonnam University Hospital with the first attack of acute myocardial infarction. Center, USA The data was collected for three months from March 1st to May 31st of 1998 through questionnaires and reviewing patients' charts: The chart information was suppled by two nurses working at the ICU and Cardiac Ward. The data was analyzed by using frequency, mean and ANOVA through the SAS program. The results of study summarized as follows: 1. Sixty two patients (69.7%) were male and twenty seven patients (30.3%) were female, the ratio of male to female was 2.3 : 1. 2. In daily life, the 70.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort fatigue in 67.4%, dyspnea in 57.3%, and pain in arm, neck, and jaw in 52.8%. During the attack, 97.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort dyspnea in 82.1%, pain in arm, neck, jaw in 67.4% and perspiration in 51.7%. 3. The length of time a patient spent seeking time for treatment (T1+T2+T3) was 94.6 minutes, in which the time for patients' decision making for treatment (T1) was 70.3 minutes, time for finding transportation (T2) was 8.2 minutes, and time for the transportation of the patient to the first hospital (T3) was 16.1 minutes. Time for patients' decision making to go to a hospital(T1) was 74.2% of the total time sought for treatment. 4. The differences of time sought for treatment between perceptions about the seriousness of the symptoms were significant (F= 6.5, p< .01). The more serious the heart symptoms they felt, the shorter the seeking time for treatment. 5. The differences of the time delay before treatment between the degree of the symptoms were significant (F= 2.9, p< .05). The patients with the typical chest pain and discomfort spent shorter the seeking time for treatment than those with the atypical symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. 6. The differences of transportation time to the first hospital between the types of cars that the patients used, were significant (F= 4.3, p< .01). When the patients used 119 or 129 they spent the least time (5.3 minutes) for transportation, and followed by way of an ambulance (15.6 minutes), private car (20.6 minutes), and taxi (24.8 minutes).