• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2004

This paper describes possible mechanism of the somatic referred pain. The study of somatic referred pain mechanism is necessary because many patients suffer from several types of muscle pain. This review compares the somatic referred pain with MPS(myofacial pain syndrome). There are similarities between these two pain mechanisms. But the therapeutics of somatic referred pain is yet remain fully unknown. Therefore this review consider origin of variable referred pain. Also it is recommendable to study referred pain mechanism in terms with oriental medical pain concept.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.52-63
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not belt's jobs represent a source of job enrichment that translates into positive job characteristics and satisfaction. Hackman and Oldham's 5 job characteristics, 3 critical psychological states and MPS are utilized for analyzing results of the study. The results indicate that Black and Master Black Belt's jobs have positive effects on all five job characteristics, 3 psychological states, and MPS score. However, the findings indicate that Black and Master Black Belt's jobs are no direct effect on job satisfaction suggesting that growth need strength controls on job satisfaction. The result shows that there is a support for the prediction that growth needs strength controls the effect of belt's jobs on job satisfaction.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.147-161
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• 1996

Generally the Multiprocessor Scheduling (MPS) problem is difficult to solve because of the precedence of the tasks, and it takes a lot of time to obtain its optimal solution. Though Genetic Algorithm (GA) does not guarantee the optimal solution, it is practical and effective to solve the MPS problem in a reasonable time. The algorithm developed in this research consists of a improved GA and GP/MISF (Critical Path/Most Immediate Successors First). An efficient genetic operator is derived to make GA more efficient. It runs parallel CP/MISF with GA to complement the faults of GA. The solution by the developed algorithm is compared with that of CP/MISF, and the better is taken as a final solution. As a result of comparative analysis by using numerical examples, although this algorithm does not guarantee the optimal solution, it can obtain an approximate solution that is much closer to the optimal solution than the existing GA's.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.703-708
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• 2018

In recent years, subsidence due to excessive groundwater withdrawal is a major problem in the Kathmandu Basin. In addition, on 25 April 2015, the basin experienced large crustal displacements caused by Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake. In this study, we applied StaMPS- Persistent Scatterer InSAR (StaMPS PS-InSAR) technique to estimate the spatio-temporal displacements in the basin after the mainshock. 34 Sentinel-1 C-band SAR data are used for measuring subsidence velocity during 2015-2017. We found the maximum subsidence velocity of about 9.02 cm/year and mean subsidence rate of about 8.06 cm/year in the line of sight direction, respectively, in the central part of the basin.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2020

This study aims to monitor the displacement of the bridges using Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) time-series Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar analysis. For case study bridges: Kimdaejung bridge and Deokyang bridge, we acquired 60 and 33 Cosmo-Skymed Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data over the Mokpo region and Yeosu region, respectively from 2013 to 2019. With single-look interferograms, we estimated the long-term time-series displacements over the bridges. The time-series displacements were estimated as -8.8 mm/year and -1.34 mm/year at the mid-span over the selected bridges: Kimdaejung and Deokyang bridge, respectively. This time-series displacement provides reliable and high spatial resolution information to monitor the structural behavior of the bridge for preventing structural behaviors.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1992

Reactions between chlorinated or brominated poly(isobutylene-isoprene) (CIIR and BIIR, respectively) and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane(MPS) were kinetically studied by gas chromatography in solution state. CIIR and BIIR were mixed with MPS and dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst on roll mill and then the compounds were cured in hot water or atmosphere. From the gas chromatography, reaction order, activation energy, and frequency factor were determined. Crosslinking density and physical properties of moisture-cured CIIR and BIIR were measured. CIIR and BIIR were effectively moisture-cured and physical properties of these rubbers were comparatively good.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the meridian muscle release technique on the pain and functional movement of patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of the shoulder joint. METHODS: The subjects of this study included 45 patients with MPS of the shoulder joint. The subjects were divided randomly into the following groups; the meridian muscle release technique group (n=15), the Graston technique group (n=15), and the control group (n=15). Both the meridian muscle release group and the Graston technique group received conventional therapy for 35 minutes initially and were then treated using the meridian muscle releases technique and Graston technique for 10 minutes, respectively. The control group received only conventional therapy for 35 minutes. All three groups underwent treatments three times a week for four weeks. Each subject was evaluated randomly using the VAS, PPT, SPADI and ROM both before and after treatment. RESULTS: The Graston technique group showed a significantly more substantial increase in functional movement (p<.05) than the meridian muscle release technique and control groups. The meridian muscle release technique group had significantly less pain (p<.05) compared to the Graston technique and control groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the meridian muscle release technique can be useful for decreasing pain and increasing the functional movement of patients with MPS of the shoulder joint.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2012

Objectives: Sahrmann, an American physical therapist, has developed a set of movement-related diagnoses on musculoskeletal pain syndromes (MPS). We reviewed articles for studies of objectification and quantification of Oriental medicine diagnosis system about MPS. Methods: The authors reviewed a total of 12 studies found on PubMed to obtain movement system impairment (MSI)-based classification categories. Results: The MSI system has been developed for objectification and quantification of physical therapists' MPS diagnoses. The MSI system of classification is based on the basic premise that loss of precise movement is the result of specific repetitive movements and positions in everyday life. The MSI system defines 8 categories in the shoulder region, 5 in the lumbar region, and 7 in the knee region. Treatment involves (1) educating the person about the specific directions of alignment and movement that appear to be contributing to the musculoskeletal problem, (2) modifying the direction - specific alignment and movement patterns during daily activities, and (3) exercises to address the impairments. Conclusions: The authors propose that MSI studies could help to advance an Oriental medical diagnosis system on musculoskeletal pain syndromes, because MSI shares similarity with Oriental medicine in terms of holism, views of constant motion, and mi-byung (subhealth) treatment.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare visual analogue scale (VAS), pain threshold (PT), $%RMS_{RVC}$, and EMG gaps before and after applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the upper trapezius muscle at the patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). The subjects were 4 men and 10 women composed of both the inpatients and outpatients who were diagnosed as MPS at Wonju Medical Center. VAS and PT measurements were performed to assess the subjective pain level. The reference voluntary contraction (RVC) test was performed for 15 seconds for normalization on the bilateral trapezius muscle using surface electromyography (sEMG). After 3-minute resting time, the EMG signal was recorded while performing a typing activity for 2 minutes and then TENS was applicated with a comfortable intensity for 10 minutes. The EMG activity of the upper trapezius muscle was recorded during typing for 2 minutes. The results of study were as follows: 1) VAS score was significantly decreased on the more painful side after treatment, however, it was not significantly different on the less painful side. 2) PT was increased after treatment on both sides, however, it was not significantly different between before and after the TENS application. 3) The EMG activity during typing was significantly decreased after treatment, and 4) The EMG gaps were significantly increased after TENS treatment compared to before it. Consequently, the study showed that TENS was effective in decreasing VAS, $%RMS_{RVC}$, and in increasing EMG gaps. The EMG gap analysis could be a useful method to measure pain in patients with MPS in the upper trapezius.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7935-7941
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to implement massive parallel sequencing (MPS) technology in clinical genetics testing. We developed and tested an amplicon-based method for resequencing the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on an Illumina MiSeq to identify disease-causing mutations in patients with hereditary breast or ovarian cancer (HBOC). The coding regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were resequenced in 96 HBOC patient DNA samples obtained from different sample types: peripheral blood leukocytes, whole blood drops dried on paper, and buccal wash epithelia. A total of 16 random DNA samples were characterized using standard Sanger sequencing and applied to optimize the variant calling process and evaluate the accuracy of the MPS-method. The best bioinformatics workflow included the filtration of variants using GATK with the following cut-offs: variant frequency >14%, coverage ($>25{\times}$) and presence in both the forward and reverse reads. The MPS method had 100% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity. Similar accuracy levels were achieved for DNA obtained from the different sample types. The workflow presented herein requires low amounts of DNA samples (170 ng) and is cost-effective due to the elimination of DNA and PCR product normalization steps.