• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.321-359
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• 2019

In the 1970s, the full-scale development of the area now known as Gangnam began, ushering in the era of real estate investment on apartments which transformed housing styles in Korea. Apartments were pitched as the most ideal type of housing, creating a competitive market of high demand and skyrocketing prices. The apartments were also viewed as a means of quick asset investment among middle-class Koreans. Within this apartment frenzy stood the female real estate speculator, the bokbuin. This study seeks to locate the bokbuin in the real estate development market after the late 1970s. The apartment speculation boom cannot be attributed to the bokbuin alone, yet she became the target of public anger and criticism, singled-out as being responsible for fueling illegal and unethical investments. The apartment boom of the 1970s was in fact generated in large part by the government, developers, construction companies and realtors. While their pursuit of profit was deemed as legitimate, the bokbuin's conduct was mostly tainted by presumed illegitimate and greedy motivations. This study problematizes this gendering of real estate investment and treat the bokbuin as a byproduct of the family-centered culture in East Asia. Analyzing Im Kwon Taek's film "Mrs. Speculator", Park Ki Won's conte, "Bokbuin", Park Wan Seo's short story, "Children of Paradise", "The People of Seoul", this study shows that bokbuin's pursuit was not hers alone; it was the collective pursuit with her husband for the enhancement of family finances. This stud y argue that the bokbuin embodied the thickly misogynistic climate of the 1970s that projected the chaotic rise of greed onto the woman.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.298
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• pp.56-65
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• 2015

1970년대 고급 아파트촌의 대명사로 불리웠던 동부이촌동이 강북지역 한강변 초고층 주거시설의 랜드마크로 또한번 새롭게 변신한다. 지상 56층, 42층, 36층 총 3개동으로 구성된 초고층 주거시설이 오는 8월 1일부터 입주할 예정이기 때문이다. 이 아파트는 당분간 건립되기 힘든, 강북에서 가장 높은 초고층 주거시설로 지난 2013년 4월 서울시가 한강변 건축물 높이를 35층으로 제한하기 전인 2009년 사업시행 인가를 받았다. 한강이 내려다 보이고 인근에 국립중앙박물관, 용산가족공원, 한강공원 등 대형 공원이 있는데다 강남권, 강북권, 강서권으로의 접근성이 뛰어나 한강변의 새로운 랜드마크로 주목받고 있는 만큼 특화된 커뮤니티 시설과 함께 친환경 건축물 최우수 등급, 에너지효율 1등급, 초고속 정보통신 특등급 인증 획득을 목표로 최고의 주거성능등급 아파트 시공에 만전을 기하고 있다. 본지는 준공준비에 여념이 없는 이촌동 렉스아파트 재건축 현장에서 삼성물산 권진학 현장소장과 (주)우진아이엔에스(대표 홍평우 손광근) 김동원 현장소장을 만났다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.596-603
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• 2015

Rapid economic growth occurred in Korean since the 1970s. This economic growth caused rapid urbanization and an increase in population in city. As a results, there was a housing shortage problem in korea. The government and construction companies have been continuously building residential houses such as apartments, mansions, others. Apartments mostly consist of residential houses and are generally made from reinforced concrete structure. Reinforced concrete structures including apartments need to be renovated, because they deteriorate with respect to time. However, there is no available data or information regarding the cost or the period of time that is needed for renovates of these apartment. We are especially short of information on the defect data of remodeling construction. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide fundamental data about the cause of defect in remodeled apartments as well as the appropriate time to execute renovation through a questionnaire survey with apartment residents as the participants.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2016

There are many apartment buildings with the government's policy of increasing the supply of residential houses in Korea. Roughly 60% of the Korea population are living in apartment buildings. Since the 1970s, the Korean economy has grown enormously, the economic and social structure was radically transformed to industrialization and urbanization step. A village has grown into a large town in Korea and apartment buildings was constructed to solve national housing shortage by the Korean government and the construction company. Since the 2000s, this apartment buildings which was built in the 1970s and 1980s had become gradually deteriorated. So, reconstruction and remodeling project of apartment buildings have been come into request in Korea. There are two way to improve the residential environment. The one is remodeling of apartment buildings and the other is reconstruction of that. Therefore, we carried out questionnaire and survey study of the preference on the reconstruction and remodeling of old aged apartment which were located in daejeon province. As a result, the preference rate of remodeling is increasing instead of reconstruction because reconstruction of apartment buildings takes more money and needs long construction period.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.91-102
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• 2020

This study examined the apartment sale in lots system from 1960s to 1970s in Seoul from a historical perspective, with the focus on the concept and changes of pre-sale in lots system. By tracing back historical context and application of the system in that period through the analysis of the advertisements for apartment sale, we found out the hidden side of the apartment pre-sale in lots system from the public's point of view, and its impact and meaning on the formation of our current residential culture. In the 1960s and 1970s, the apartment sale in lots system based on the pre-sale in lots system formed strong seller's market and it has been the main reason for imposing the wrong residential awareness that led the public to recognize housing as a means of property growth. Even now, the current apartment sale in lots system remains to be a supplier-oriented one, and lots of people tend to regard housing as investment method. That is, this mechanism is not only still working but one of the fundamental causes of impoverishing our residential culture. It is necessary to reconsider the pre-sale in lots system and the apartment sale in lots system in relation to the public of housing.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the theoretical origins and characteristics of Korean Apartment that became a dominant housing type of Korea by comparing it with the ideas of Le Corbusier, Siedlung and Hilberseimer. Korean apartment is different from Corbusier's idea in that it has no vision for new community in modern society. Formal typology of apartment also differs from Corbusier's unite which embodied a new collective way of living in modern society. In that Korean apartment was introduced as a means to provide houses to urban worker and to solve the housing shortage, it was close to the idea of Siedlung. However, unlike Siedlung Korean apartment was based on urban ideology and not a social housing. In terms of it's repetitive form, Korean Apartment resembled Hilberseimer's proposal for capitalistic metropolis. However, it differs from Korean Apartment in that the latter has no utopian vision of new order So, while reflecting fragmented ideas of modern utopia, Korean apartment is architecture without utopia.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.36-45
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the chronological characteristics of the strategy for the house marketing in terms of the apartment lots for sale advertisements appeared to be from 1970's to 1990's in Busan·Kyungnam area. For the analysis of the newspaper advertisement, a new residence environmental indication is introduced to this research as referring to the existing research data. With this indication, therefore, this study is to examine what contents of the advertisements are. Moreover, as analyzing how frequently the advertisements have been inserted in the newspaper, it shows the characteristics which the construction industry has planned for sale of apartment in lots. The results are as follows; First, the frequency of the appearance in the newspaper about each unit and block in an apartment complex has been on the decrease. On the other hand, the importance about the surrounding area has been on the increase during the period. It shows that consumer require more about the surrounding area issues than each unit itself. Second, in the case of the outdoor space in the apartment complex, the frequency of the appearance in the newspaper has been kept a certain levels during the period. It is clear that the consumers have been concerned about the outdoor space throughout the period. Third, the most important issue is the qualify of site location, such as the benefits of the traffic, the levels of the education environment, the natural environment of the apartment complex and so forth. The frequency of the appearance in the newspaper has been kept increasing since 1970's in the advertisement. It clearly shows that this issue has been standardized for purchasing a house.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

Apartments are built in small countries to accommodate densely populated cities and maximize urbanization. Many apartment complexes have been built in recent reconstruction or redevelopment projects. An increase in crime has resulted due to residents living in a narrow space. Larceny is the most commonly reported crime in apartment complexes. Apartments can be classified as stairway, hallway, or plane surface. This study compares and analyzes the frequency of theft by apartment type to assist in creating a safer residential space. In America and England, scholars studied to make a safer residential space, and have applied the theory of 'the Defensible Space' and 'Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED)' since 1970s. Korean apartment design now reflects CPTED in new apartment construction. In this study, 12 apartment complexes were selected in Changwon city to conduct analysis of theft in selected complexes. The study will cover housing invasion theft, motorcycle and car theft and snatching. The most frequency larceny is motorcycle and car theft, the second is housing invasion theft, and the least frequent is snatching. More residents' motorcycles and cars are damaged in a hallway style apartment. More frequently inhabitants have their possessions snatched on a stairway form. 1) When we build new apartment complexes, we must plan to improve territoriality and enhance a natural surveillance by reinforcing dwellers' relationship. Through planning we can prevention the larceny in apartments.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.334-365
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• 2010

Mother-of-Pearl craftwork sketch involves the whole process of making a piece of work. Therefore, it includes types, forms, sizes, and patterns of the work. Some information about when and by whom those works were manufactured and who ordered them are still found in some sketches. This paper seeks to find out popular types and patterns of the works in each period and its demand and the way of supply by examining the collection of approximately 1700 Mother-of-Pearl craftwork sketches from the period of Japanese colonization up to the present time, which are owned by Mr. Song Bang-wung, Important Intangible Cultural Heritage no.10. Typical patterns of sketches are the hua-jo(花鳥 : Flowers and Birds), the Sakunja(四君子 : Four Gracious Plants), cultural treasures, figures in folk tales, 'Su-bok(壽福)' characters, and landscape. The pattern sketches have changed according to the circumstances of Korean society. During the period of Japanese colonization from the 1920s to the 1940s the manufacture and the supply and demand of Mother-of-Pearl craftworks were controled by the Japanese government. As a result, many of the patterns were adjusted to the Japanese taste. Most of its customers were also Japanese. During the 1950s after Independence the American Military Forces appeared as new customers due to the Korean War. Thus, the traditional Korean patterns to decorate accessories adored by American soldiers gained popularity. Foreign Mother-of-Perls were imported from the late 1960s to the 1970s. They were bigger and more colorful than those of Korean and it enabled the sketches bigger and the patterns more various. The most popular pattern in this period was the pattern of cultural treasures, such as an image of Buddha, metalcraft works, porcelains and pagodas. In terms of a technique, new techniques, such as engraving and rusting were introduced. There was a great demand for Mother-of-Pearl craftworks in the 1970s as people were highly interested in them. They were entirely made to order and there was a large demand from diverse organizations, furniture dealers and individuals. And the Mother-of-Pearl craftwork was in full flourish in the 1970s due to the country's economic development and the growth of national income. Mass production of the works was possible and the professional designers who drew patterns actively worked in this period. The favor of Mother-of-Pearl craftworks declined in the 1980s since the built-in furniture and the Western style of furniture became prevalent due to the change of housing into apartments. But it seemed that the manufacture of Mother-of-Pearl craftworks revived for once the technique of Kunum-jil(끊음질 : cutting and attaching) became popular in Tong-young(統營). After the 1990s, however, the making of Mother-of-Pearl craftworks gradually declined as the need of them decreased. Now it barely maintains its existence by a few artisans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.13-27
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• 2019

This study shows the changes in the space created by the planning and leisure activities of Hangang River Park, focusing on the Yeouido portion of the Hangang River Park, which has the most users and the greatest degree of planning. The relationship between planning, behavior, and space changes are explained based on Giddens's Structural Theory. As research material, Hangang River Park plans and satellite photos were interpreted and newspaper articles were used to identifying the space changes and their causes, and a model of the space changes was derived through the application of the theory. The flow of space change in the Yeouido portion of the Hangang River Park due to planning and leisure activities is as follows. In the 1970s, the first sports spaces are made due to need from residents near the riverside, but huge plans for the utilization of the entire space were not realized. In the 1980s, leisure spaces were planned and developed through a comprehensive plan. Various sports spaces were built, but the environment of the spaces became a slum. In the 1990s, various leisure activities were revitalized due to the revision of the legal system, regulations on the usage of space, and space maintenance, and from the late 1990s, ecological issues arose along the Hangang River. In the 2000s, there was an overall space improvement project directed by two comprehensive plans, and cultural and ecological issues appeared in the Hangang River Park plans. However, actual leisure spaces were developed along with the promotion of large-scale activities. Regarding the structuration theory, elements of interaction, modality, and structure are the aspects of space changes in the Yeouido portion Hangang River Park. As the flow of the space change, the proportions of the comprehensive plan and the individual plans were similar. The comprehensive plan was influenced by the change of public businesses and the proliferation of large-scale activities. Individual plans were influenced by the user's activities and opinions. However, both plans were influenced by the users and suppliers. The leisure space of the Hangang River Park can be viewed as a social space, in terms of the structuring as a theory due to the user repeatedly changing the use of the space. The purpos of this study is to investigate the changes in the Hangang River Park space through planning and leisure activities. Through this study, we can understand the characteristics of the Hangang River Park in planning the leisure activity space.