• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 1988

Estimation of fish freshness is very important in food industries. it was estimated from the concentration of nucleotides. ammonia, amines and volatile acids in fish meat. Changes in the K-values of 12 species of fish were observed during storage at $0^{\circ}C$. The range of differences in the K-value-increasing rate of chilled fish muscle among fish species might be wider for white-fleshed fishes than for dark- fleshed fishes. As to the 12 species of fish examined. the coefficient of correlation between them was calculated to be 0.77. The fish muscle will he contained an effective inhibitor of IMP-degrading enzymatic activity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.72-87
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this research was analysis of biotope structure focused on the evaluation for the nature experience and recreation in the case of Suseoung District in Daegu metropolitan area. The results of this study were as follows; 1) The result of biotope type classification was divided into 17 biotope type groups and 90 biotope types belonging to them. 2) In the result of the first evaluation for the nature experience and recreation, biotope types such as MA, NA, OE, PH, QB etc. possess great value. Particulary these biotope types come from forest areas and transition zone. The have not appeared in the inner of cities. 3) The biotope types such as JC, ME, OA, OE, PB, QD, QF etc. are proved to possess high value in the result of the utility evaluation. 4) There emerges 3a biotope type that has the highest value in the result of the second evaluation - such as ME, NB, NC, PD, QB etc. Most of them range widely except in the urbanized areas. Most of them were presented into the large area of site size and in the outer forest areas. But most of them were distributed in the forest areas intensively. So, it is certain that the space of nature experience connected with residential district of the urban people s scarce. Finally, the detailed plan must be made out specially continuously. It is about biotope spaces that are important for the nature experience and the recreation from the result of this research. Also, the study on the detailed index settlement of the sight green plan based on the biotope map must be continued.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 1990

This study was undertaken to find out the effect of heating time and temperature, pH and NaCl concentration on the heat stability of egg albumen gel during heat treatment. With the transient decrease at 110-$130^{\circ}C$, hardness of heat-set albumen gel was increased as the heating temperature increased. The cohesiveness showed similar trend as well. The lightness was decreased while the yellowness was increased as the heating time and temperature increased. Heat-set albumen gel showed maximum hardness at pH 4.5-5.0 and pH 9.0 High heat treatment($120^{\circ}C$, 30min) showed higher hardness at alkaline range compared to low heat treatment($96^{\circ}C$, 30min.). Color of the albumen gel was relatively dark at acidic range and bright at alkaline range. High heat treatment caused darker albumen gel at alkaline range and brighter albumen gel at acidic range. The addition of NaCl increased hardness and cohesiveness of the albumen gel and improved the lightness after high heat treatment regardless of NaCl concentration.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality and sensory characteristics of Jiangachi produced with king mushrooms. The moisture content of Jiangachi made from king mushrooms was 72.80% for CON, which was highest, while J4 was 64.46%, which was lowest. In color value results, CON showed the highest L value of 72.80 and J4 showed the lowest value of 31.71. However, the amount of a and b value showed the reverse results. CON showed the lowest sugar content and salinity, whereas J4 showed the highest among the two of them. For PH result, CON and J1 showed the lowest value while J4 showed the highest value of 3.87. According to the results of QDA, J4 showed the strongest brown color intensity, soy sauce flavor, salty taste, and CON showed the weakest of them. CON showed the strongest sweet flavor and sweet taste, whereas J4 showed the weakest. According to the result of acceptance test, CON showed the lowest scent, and for appearance, taste, texture, and overall quality, J3 that contains 25% of soy sauce showed the best results. In conclusion, Jiangachi made with king mushrooms got a high preference when added with soy sauce, and the preference has increased with 25% of soy sauce.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 1974

This study was conducted to determine the effects of soybean cultivation on yield and other characters in a newly reclaimed soil. Four factois - (1) plant density (2) compost application (3) innoculation of nodule bacteria (Rhizobium japonicum) combined with lime application (4) NPK application-were examined in a 24 factorial experiments arranged in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Kangio variety was used and the results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) Dense plant population, Application of Compost and application of fertilizer (NPK) gave the yields 1.7, 1.4 and 2.1 times the check respectively. The Combinations of, dense $population{\times}compost$, dense $compost{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK), $population{\times}compost{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK), and dense $population{\times}compost{\times}nodule$ bacteria with $lime{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK) increased the yields by 2.0, 3.0, 2.6 and 5.4 times than the check respectively. But little effect on yield was noted in the treatment inoculated with nodule bacteria with lime. (2) In the case of higher yield, the increased weight of 100 seeds was found. (3) A markedly increased PH was observed in all of the plots under study after the completion of experiment. (4) The compost treatment and the ferttilizer (NPK) treatment greatly increased the organic matter, total nitrogen and the available phosphorus in the soil. (5) The variation in the grain yield appeared to have a close correlation with the content of available $P_2O_5$ in the soil.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.173-180
• /
• 1980

A source of D-xylose was required for the enhanced production of D-glucose isomerase of Streptomyces sp. strain K-17. D-glucose supported the luxuriant growth of the organism as well as D-xylose, but D-glucose isomerase activity was hardly detected in the D-glucose-grown cells. When the D-glucose-grown cells were incubated aerobically for a few hours in 0.5% xylose solution in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, it was found that inductive formation of D-glucose isomerase occurred in the cells without multiplication. In the non-growth phase of cells the inductive formation of D-glucose isomerase occurred because a source of nitrogen for the synthesis of enzymes was obtained from turnover of protein accumulated in cells. D-ribose, L-arabinose, D-glucose, D-mannose, citrate, succinate and tartrate could not induce the formation of D-glucose isomerase, but D-xylose could induce. Inductinn of D-glucose isomerase was repressed by D-glucose and its catabolites : glycerol, succinate and citrate. Inductive formation of the enzymes in the non-growth phase was stimulated by $Ba^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$ and $Co^{2+}$, and inhibited by C $u^{2+}$, C $d^{2+}$, A $g^{+}$and H $g^{2+}$. The synthesis of enzymes in the induction system composed of 0.5% xylose solution was disrupted by actinomycin D, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, tetracycline, p-chloromercuribenzo ate, arsenate and 2, 4-dinitrophenol, but not disrupted by mitomycin C and penicillin G.icillin G.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1972

Seasonal changes in nutrients and suspended organic particulates were measured in the estuary of Nak-dong River in relation to the black laver bed. Monthly measurements of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients ( $NH_4$-N, $NO_2$-N, $NO_3$\-N, $PO_4$-P and $SiO_2$-Si) and organic suspended particulates (organic carbon and nitrogen) were determined at five stations from February through December, 1970. PH varied 7.6-8.4 with an average of 8.0, and percent saturation of dissolved oxygen were 71-147% with an average of 100.8%. Studies gave evidence that Nak-dong River estuary is strongly enriched with nutrients. Concentrations of nutrients were: 0.13-12.54 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 1.63 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for $NH_4-N$, 0.12-2.09 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 0.71 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for $NO_2-N$, 3.46-56.79 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 21.54 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for $NO_3$-N, 4.04-57.90 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 23.79 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for total soluble nitrogen, 0.18-5.05 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 0.96 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for $PO_4$-P, and 18.33-133.29 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$ (averaging 71.57 ${\mu}g$-atoms/${\iota}$) for $SiO_2$-Si, respectively. These nutrient levels were considerably higher compare with other productive laver beds of Wan do and Pyung-il Do in Korea or Ise Bay in Japan. Concentrations of suspended organic particulates varied 55-648 ${\mu}g/{\iota}$ (averaging 392 ${\mu}g/{\iota}$) with organic carbon, 30-155 ${\mu}g/{\iota}$ (averaging 92 ${\mu}g/{\iota}$) with organic nitrogen, and its carbon-nitrogen ratios were varied within 1.5-8.4 with an average of 4.6.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 1970

This survey was conducted to evaluate not only the present status of health center directors-their personal histories, their will to private practice in the future, their responses to governmental policies, -but also the distribution of doctorless myons, budget and subsidy, and director's opinions to the enhancement of health center activities. This survey questioned 116 health center directors and 16 health personnel from August to October of 1970 and obtained the following results; 1) The average ages of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $43.2{\pm}7.8,\;42.1{\pm}7.7,\;and\;42.9{\pm}10.3$ respectively. 2) The average family sizes of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $5.6{\pm}2.7,\;5.6{\pm}2.1,\;and\;5.6{\pm}2.6$ respectively. 3) Directors holding M. D. degrees were 79.3%, those holding qualified M. D. degrees ('approved director') were 20.7%. 4) M. P. H., M. S., and Ph. D. holders were 6.0%, 6.1%, and 4.3% respectively. 5) The average duration of present directorship in kun and city were 30.2 months and 20.4 months respectively. 6) The majority of directors had been employed in related fields before assuming current position : directorship at other health center 26.7%, army 22.4%, health subcenter 21.6%, private practice 19.0%. 7) Average length of directorship is 41.8 months. Average length of public health career, including health subcenter and present position, is 56.5 months. 8) Both rural and urban experience in health centers for regular directors is 16.3% and for approved directors, 12,5%. A total of 15.5% of all survey directors had experience in both rural and urban health center. 9) A total of 70.7% of health center directorships were staffed by local doctors. 10) Nearly 40% wanted to quit the directorships within 3 years and 60.3% had already experienced private practice. 11) Of the regular directors 17.4% felt strongly about devoting their lives to public health fields, but only 4.1% of the approved approved directors felt so. 12) There wire 432 doctorless myons among 996 respondent myons and 4.5 doctorless myons per kun. 13) The percentage of doctorless myon by Province are as follows, Cholla buk-do 57.2%, Cholla nam-de 55.0%, Kyungsang nam-do 52.0%, Kyungsang buk-do 49.7%, Chungchong but-do 42.4%, Kyonggi-do 32.9%. Cheju-do 30.8%, Kangwon-do 25.8%. 14) Two thirds of health critters have experienced the abscence of the director for a certain period since 1966 and the average span of the abscence was 18.2 months. 15) The percentage of doctorless myons increased proportionally with the span of the director's abscence. 16) The average budgets of health centers, kun, city and ku, were $W15.03\;million{\pm}W4.5\;million,\;W22.03\;million{\pm}W17.80\;million,\;W13.10\;million{\pm}W7.9\;million$ respectively. 17) Chunju city had the highest health budget per capita(W344) while Pusan Seo ku had the lowest(W19). 18) Director's medical subsidies are W30,000-50,000 in kun, and roughly W20,000 in city. 19) The older of priority in health center activities is T.B. control(31.1%), Family Planning and M. C. H.(28.0%), prevention of acute communicable disease and endemic disease (18.2%) and clinical care of patients(14.3%). 20) Nearly 32% opposed in principle the governmental policy of prohibiting medical doctors from going abroad. 21) Suggestions for immediate enhancing the position of director of health centers and subcenters: (1) Raise the base subsidy (48.2%), (2) Provide more opportunities for promotion (20.7%), (3) Exemption from army services(12.1%), (4) Full scholarship to medical students for this purpose only (7.8%). 22) A newly established medical school was opposed by 56.9% of the directors, however 33.6% of them approved. 23) Pertaining to the division of labor in Medicine and Pharmacy, the largest portion (31.9%) urged the immediate partial division of antibiotics and some addictive drugs to be given only by prescription. 24) More than half wanted a W70,000 level for the director's medical subsidies, white 36.2% stated W50,000. 25) Urgently needed skills in the kun are clinical pathologist (38.6%) and doctor (health center director) (25.5%); while in the city nurse (37.1%), doctors(clinical)(31.4%) and health educators(14.4%) are needed. 26) Essential treatment for the better health center administration; raising the base subsidy (22.7%), obtaining the power of personal management (19.3%) and the establishment of a Board of Health (14.3%). etc.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the deposition aspect of acid precipitation in rural area of Chonbuk province by analysis of the chemical components in the precipitation at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA in the suburbs of Iri from Jan. to Dec. in 1992. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The frequency of acid precipitation was 82.5% in 1992 and the month of the lowest frequency of 17% was June. 2. The pH range of the most precipitation amount was pH $4.5{\sim}5.0$ of 54.0% and the amount and ratio of the precipitation below pH 4.0 were 9.6 mm and 1.1%, respectively. 3. The seasonal acidity of precipitation was Summer(4.78)>Fall(4.59)>Spring(4.52)>Winter(4.16). 4. The components showed significant correlation with pH value were $SO_4^{2-}$ and $NO_3$ and the equivalence ratio between two components was 2.85 : 1. 5. The order of the major ion concentration in the precipitation was $SO_4^{2-}$>$NH_4^+$>$Cl^-$>$Ca^{2+}$>$NO_3^-$>$Na^+$>$H^+$>$K^+$>$Mg^{2+}$ and the equivalence ratio of total anion to cation was 1.20. 6. Deposition amount of nitrogen ($NO_3-N$ + $NH_4-N$) and potassium ($K_2O$) were 1.19 and 0.53 kg/l0a/year, respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.323-330
• /
• 1995

Protease activity was identified in crude extracts of Pnrqgonimw westermnni eggs which were purified from infected dog lungs, isolated on 14 weeks after metacercarial challenge. The eggs were used after removing possibly contaminated host or worm tissues on their shell surfaces. In the crude egg extracts, high proteolytic activities against carboBfrb enzoyl - ph enylalanyl - arginyl-4- methoxy- β- naphthylamide (Cbz - phe - arg- MNA) and Azocoll were detected whereas those against succinyl-alanyl-propyl-phenylalanyl-p- nitroanilide (Suc-ala-pro-phe-pNA) were not revealed. The eVe eBdlibited the maximal activity at pH 6. Its activity was inhibited by specific cysteine protease inhibitors, 105 M I- trans-epoxysuccinylleucylamido (4-guanidino) butane (E-64) and 1 mM iodoacetamide (LAA) while potentiated by 6.5-fold in the presence of 2.5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) . When the enzyme was purified partially by Sephacryl S-300 High Resolution gel filtration, it migrated as a single homogeneous band at 35 kDa. The 35 kDa cysteine protease has been recognized neither in the metacercariae nor in the adult. These findings indicated the presence of at least one protease of cathepsin family in immature eggs of f westernani.