• Journal of Species Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.161-180
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• 2018

Fourteen bacterial strains, low10-4-1, J11015, 17J27-22, 17G22-9, 17G9-4, 17Bio_15, 17gy_33, 17SD1_21, Strain8, 17Sr1_17, J21014T, H31021, 17J49-9, and 17J80-6 assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, and Firmicutes were isolated from soil samples. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strains low10-4-1, J11015, 17J27-22, 17G22-9, 17G9-4, 17Bio_15, 17gy_33, 17SD1_21, Strain8, 17Sr1_17, J21014T, H31021, 17J49-9, and 17J80-6 were most closely related to Marmoricola aurantiacus (98.9%), Calidifontibacter indicus (99.8%), Gordonia soli (98.8%), Rhodococcus globerulus (99.5%), Pseudarthrobacter siccitolerans (99.1%), Hymenobacter qilianensis (98.7%), Hymenobacter terrae (99.0%), Deinococcus yunweiensis (99.2%), Deinococcus proteolyticus (99.7%), Domibacillus indicus (99.2%), Exiguobacterium mexicanum (100.0%), Kurthia senegalensis (99.1%), Lysinibacillus composti (99.6%), and Bacillus loiseleuriae (99.3%). These fourteen species have never been reported in Korea, therefore we report them here for the first time.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.219-227
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to quickly and effectively identify the Nosema disease of bumblebees in Gangwon Province in Korea. Bumblebees are crucial pollinators of various crops, and microsporidia are the critical pathogens of these hosts. When bumblebees are infected with Nosema bombi, their abdomens can become distended. Paralyzed and infected workers often become sluggish and die early. We have identified the morphology of the microsporidium by light and electron microscopy, and found it to have fairly small oval spores, as has been described previously in many other articles. For the specific and sensitive diagnosis of the microsporidian parasite N. bombi in bumblebees, we have developed an improved method of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for expeditious diagnosis. Two pairs of primers were tested on N. bombi and the related microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema sp., both of which infect Bombus ignitus and Bombus hypocrita sapporoensis. Furthermore, we have verified and analyzed the 16SrRNA sequence data of N. bombi in bumblebees by using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) server at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.539-547
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• 2019

Anoctamin 5 (ANO5)/TMEM16E belongs to a member of the ANO/TMEM16 family member of anion channels. However, it is a matter of debate whether ANO5 functions as a genuine plasma membrane chloride channel. It has been recognized that mutations in the ANO5 gene cause many skeletal muscle diseases such as limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2L (LGMD2L) and Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3 (MMD3) in human. However, the molecular mechanisms of the skeletal myopathies caused by ANO5 defects are poorly understood. To understand the role of ANO5 in skeletal muscle development and function, we silenced the ANO5 gene in C2C12 myoblasts and evaluated whether it impairs myogenesis and myotube function. ANO5 knockdown (ANO5-KD) by shRNA resulted in clustered or aggregated nuclei at the body of myotubes without affecting differentiation or myotube formation. Nuclear positioning defect of ANO5-KD myotubes was accompanied with reduced expression of Kif5b protein, a kinesin-related motor protein that controls nuclear transport during myogenesis. ANO5-KD impaired depolarization-induced $[Ca2^{+}]_i$ transient and reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) $Ca^{2+}$ storage. ANO5-KD resulted in reduced protein expression of the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) and SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ subtype 1. In addition, ANO5-KD compromised co-localization between DHPR and ryanodine receptor subtype 1. It is concluded that ANO5-KD causes nuclear positioning defect by reduction of Kif5b expression, and compromises $Ca^{2+}$ signaling by downregulating the expression of DHPR and SERCA proteins.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.162-165
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• 2005

Potato scab, an important disease that affects developing tubers, causes a major problem in potato cultivation. The major potato cultivation areas in Korea are located in two Northern provinces, Gangwon and Gyeonggi, and two Southern provinces, Jeju island, and South Jeolla. In these areas, potato scab is widely distributed and has caused severe problem in potato cultivation. Therefore, potato-growing areas were surveyed for identification and distribution of potato scab pathogens from 1996 to 1999. Pathogenic Streptomyces strains were isolated from potato scab lesions and six representative Streptomyces species were characterized based on their phenotypic and molecular characteristics including, pathogenicity, physiological and morphological properties, analyses of 16SrRNA genes and 16S-23S ITS region, DNA relatedness, production of thaxtomin A, and the presence of nec1 and ORFtnp gene homologs. Three species were identified as previously described Streptomyces scabies, S. turgidiscabies, and S. acidiscabies, while other three species having distinct phenotypics properties were identified as novel S. luridiscabiei, S. puniciscabiei, and S. niveiscabiei.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.277-283
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• 2009

Biogenic amines are generally formed through the decarboxylation of specific free amino acids by exogenous decarboxylases released by microbial species associated with the fish products and fermented feeds. This study was conducted to investigate the properties of e tuna waste regarding the control of degradation of biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, tryptamine, putrescine, and cadaverine) that might be related with the anti-nutritional factor of the tuna waste that is used for manufacturing domestic fish meal. The values of pH and the salt content were 6.51, 3.35% in tuna waste and 5.58 and 5.83% in tuna fish meal, respectively. The strains and dominant bacteria tested in the tuna waste sample were 9.20, 9.29, 5.67, 7.82 and 7.58 log CFU/g of total bacteria, aerobic plate count (APC), total coliform (TC), Lactobacillus spp. and Bacillus spp., respectively. The main histamine forming-bacteria (HFB) in tuna waste were detected by silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and 7 histamine-forming bacterial species were isolated among microbes grown in selective medium. The histamine concentration was determined by detection of fluorescence of ο-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) derivatives using HPLC and the date were used to reconfirm the identities of the amine-producing bacteria. The 15 histamine- forming bacteria strains grown in trypicase soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% L-histidine (TSBH) were identified as Lactococcus(L.) lactis subsp. lactis, Klebsiella pneummonlae, L. garvieae 36, Vibrio olivaceus, Hafnia alvei and L. garvieae which were main dominant amine - producing strains, and Morganella morganii identified by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing with PCR amplification. A Phylogenetic tree generated from the 16S rRNA sequencing data showed different phyletic lines that could be readily classified as biogenic amine forming gram-positive and negative bacteria.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 2000

Four bacteria capable of using aniline as a sole source of carbon and energy we4e isolated from river waters. Among them, two strains were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia based on their physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16SrRNA gene sequence and the others as delftia acidovorans. The four strains were able to grow on the mineral salt media containing aniline at concentrations up to 6,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Since aniline degradation by S. maltophilia has not been reported so far, the two strains A-s and 51-4 were selected for further studies. They completely utilized aniline in a mineral salt medium containing 300 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of aniline as a sole carbon and energy source within 24 hours. Optimum pH and temperature for aniline degradation and cell growth of both strains were 7.0 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. In addition, they effectively degraded aniline is waste, underground and river waters containing 300 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of aniline. This is the first report of aniline degradation by S. maltophilia strains.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.1005-1012
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• 2020

Acid mine drainage (AMD) has been a serious environmental issue that threatens soil and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, an acid-tolerant sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain S4, was isolated from the mud of an AMD storage pond in Vietnam via enrichment in anoxic mineral medium at pH 5. Comparative analyses of sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and dsrB gene involved in sulfate reduction revealed that the isolate belonged to the genus Desulfovibrio, and is most closely related to Desulfovibrio oxamicus (with 99% homology in 16S rDNA sequence and 98% homology in dsrB gene sequence). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of dsrB gene showed that strain S4 represented one of the two most abundant groups developed in the enrichment culture. Notably, strain S4 was capable of reducing sulfate in low pH environments (from 2 and above), and resistance to extremely high concentration of heavy metals (Fe 3,000 mg/l, Zn 100 mg/l, Cu 100 mg/l). In a batch incubation experiment in synthetic AMD with pH 3.5, strain S4 showed strong effects in facilitating growth of a neutrophilic, metal sensitive Desulfovibrio sp. strain SR4H, which was not capable of growing alone in such an environment. Thus, it is postulated that under extreme conditions such as an AMD environment, acid- and metal-tolerant sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-like strain S4 would facilitate the growth of other widely distributed SRB by starting to reduce sulfate at low pH, thus increasing pH and lowering the metal concentration in the environment. Owing to such unique physiological characteristics, strain S4 shows great potential for application in sustainable remediation of AMD.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2010

The purpose of this work was to investigate the antibacterial activity derived from a lactic acid bacterium, Lactococcus lactis HK-9, isolated from the feces of a 2-day newborn infant. We characterized the physiological and biochemical properties of this strain. Both the BIOLOG system and phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing were utilized for identification, and the strain was assigned to the Lactococcus lactis species, designated as L. lactis HK-9, and registered in GenBank as [GU936712]. We monitored growth rate, production of lactic acid and acetic acid as metabolites, and pH during growth. The maximum concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid reached 495.6 mM and 104.3 mM, respectively, and the initial pH of the cultures decreased from 7.0 to 4.1 after incubating for 60 h. HPLC was used to confirm the production of lactic acid and acetic acid. Significant antibacterial activity of the concentrated supernatant was demonstrated against Gram-positive (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, MRSA) and Gram-negative (e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sonnei) bacteria by the plate diffusion method. The antibacterial activity was sensitive to protease, and the molecular weight of the presumed bacteriocin molecule was estimated to be about 4 kDa by tricine-SDS-PAGE.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.129-131
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• 2016

Five eastern great egrets with a history of ataxia, wry neck, and wet feathers were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Center for pathologic examination. Slightly enlarged livers with diffuse white-grayish nodules were observed. Microscopically, the hepatic and lung parenchyma contained granulomatous lesions consisting of central necrosis. Some hearts showed myofiber necrosis with infiltration of histiocytes and heterophils. Partial 16SrRNA and gyrB gene sequences of all isolates showed high similarities (99-100%) to those of Salmonella (S.) enterica subsp. enterica. Based on pathological and molecular biological results, S. enterica subsp. enterica systemic infections were diagnosed in eastern great egrets of Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.743-748
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• 2005

Histamine can be produced at early spoilage stage through decarboxylation of histidine in red-flesh fish by Proteus morganii, Hafnia alvei or Klebsiella pneumoniae. Allergic food poisoning is resulted from the histamine produced when the freshness of Mackerel degrades. Conversely it has been reported that there are bacteria which decompose histamine at the later stage. We isolated histamine decomposers from salted mackerel and studied the characteristics to help establish hygienic measure to prevent outbreak of salted mackerel food poisoning. All the samples were purchased through local supermarket. Histamine decomposers were isolated using restriction medium using histamine 10 species were selected. Identification of these isolates were carried out by the comparison of 16S rDNA partial sequence; as a result, we identified Pseudomonas putida strain RA2 and Halomonas marina, Uncultured Arctic sea ice bacterium clone ARKXV1/2-136, Halomonas venusta, Psychrobacter sp. HS5323, Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Rhodococcus erythropolis, Klebsiella terrigena (Raoultella terrigena), Alteromonadaceae bacterium T1, Shewanella massilia with homology of $100\%,{\;}100\%,{\;}99\%,{\;}99\%,{\;}99\%,{\;}99\%,{\;}100\%,{\;}95\%,{\;}99\%,{\;}and{\;}100\%$respectively. Turbidometry determination method and enzymic method were employed to determine the ability of histamine decomposition. Among those species Shewanella massilia showed the highest in ability of histamine decomposition. From these results we confirmed various histamine decomposer were present in salted mackerel product in the market.