• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

Quality characteristics (moisture, protein, ash, bulk density, falling number, damaged kernel, and foreign material) of 443 domestic wheat samples harvested between 2011 and 2013 were compared with those of 160 imported wheat samples from the United States, Australia, and Canada. Moisture content of domestic wheat (10.9~13.9%) was generally higher than that of imported wheat (8.0~12.6%). Large variation in protein content was found in domestic wheat compared to imported wheat even though variation in protein content of domestic wheat tended to decrease every year, implying quality control efforts for domestic wheat. A similar trend was observed in ash content, which was approximately 0.1% higher in domestic wheat kernels over 3 years. Imported wheat samples had a falling number of 300 or above. On the other hand, some domestic wheat samples had a falling number of 300, which meant low quality of wheat kernels. Generally, quality variations in domestic wheat kernels decreased over the years; however, it is necessary to maintain minimum requirements of moisture content and falling number for high and consistent quality domestic wheat.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2015

Heating patterns depending on the packaging materials were examined in order to investigate the causes of thermal deformation of packages used for ready-to-eat foods for microwave heating due to the non-uniformity of microwaves. Physical properties including tensile strength, heat-resistance and elongation of four different CPP grades were compared. High retortable CPP had higher sealing strength and heat resistance compared to the conventional CPPs. All CPP samples tested were proved to have melting temperatures around $160^{\circ}C$. However, they were all thermally deformed by microwave heating due to a limited penetration of microwave and non-uniform heating within the spicy sauce of high viscosity contained high salt, especially on the above the filling line and sealing edge of pouches. When the laminated stand-up pouches composed of G-PET/PET/PET/CPP and G-PET/PET/NY/CPP were retorted and microwaved, significant deformations were noticed in both samples after retorting. Besides, pouches contained titanium dioxide showed more intense thermal deformation than the control. When the $10{\mu}m$ aluminium foil was affixed on the pouch, small thermal deformation was observed only in the bottom layer. More studies are required to prevent the thermal deformation of packaging materials used for RTE foods during microwave heating by developing the technologies to increase the thermal stability of CPP layer and the modification of packaging design to modify the microwave access into the package.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.160-165
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate a suitable substrate formulation for bag cultivation of Hypsizygus marmoreus. To determine the optimum media composition for H. marmoreus, chemical properties of various media and culture properties were investigated. The fastest primordia formation (9.0 days), the shortest fruiting body harvest period (18.0 days), and the highest yield (144.7 g/bag) were realized with the T6 formulation (55:15:20:5:5 mixing ratio of poplar sawdust, wheat bran, rice bran, dried soybean powder, and palm kernel, respectively). The chemical properties of the T6 formulation were pH, 6.0; total carbon, 19.0%; total nitrogen, 0.83%; C/N ratio, 22.8; P₂O₅, 0.61%; K₂O, 0.46%; and MgO, 0.29%. This is the first attempt using plastic bags for cultivation and will help expand the production of H. marmoreus.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1151-1163
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• 2023

Objective: To develop a deep-learning-based bone age prediction model optimized for Korean children and adolescents and evaluate its feasibility by comparing it with a Greulich-Pyle-based deep-learning model. Materials and Methods: A convolutional neural network was trained to predict age according to the bone development shown on a hand radiograph (bone age) using 21036 hand radiographs of Korean children and adolescents without known bone development-affecting diseases/conditions obtained between 1998 and 2019 (median age [interquartile range {IQR}], 9 [7-12] years; male:female, 11794:9242) and their chronological ages as labels (Korean model). We constructed 2 separate external datasets consisting of Korean children and adolescents with healthy bone development (Institution 1: n = 343; median age [IQR], 10 [4-15] years; male: female, 183:160; Institution 2: n = 321; median age [IQR], 9 [5-14] years; male: female, 164:157) to test the model performance. The mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and proportions of bone age predictions within 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of the reference age (chronological age) were compared between the Korean model and a commercial model (VUNO Med-BoneAge version 1.1; VUNO) trained with Greulich-Pyle-based age as the label (GP-based model). Results: Compared with the GP-based model, the Korean model showed a lower RMSE (11.2 vs. 13.8 months; P = 0.004) and MAE (8.2 vs. 10.5 months; P = 0.002), a higher proportion of bone age predictions within 18 months of chronological age (88.3% vs. 82.2%; P = 0.031) for Institution 1, and a lower MAE (9.5 vs. 11.0 months; P = 0.022) and higher proportion of bone age predictions within 6 months (44.5% vs. 36.4%; P = 0.044) for Institution 2. Conclusion: The Korean model trained using the chronological ages of Korean children and adolescents without known bone development-affecting diseases/conditions as labels performed better in bone age assessment than the GP-based model in the Korean pediatric population. Further validation is required to confirm its accuracy.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2020

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the factors influencing maternal identity in pregnant women. Methods: Using a descriptive research design, a cross-sectional survey was conducted. In total, 127 pregnant women were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Korea from January to April 2019. Measurements included maternal identity, stress, depression, spousal and familial support, and demographic and obstetric characteristics. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The mean score for maternal identity was 131.15 out of 160, and the mean scores for stress, depression, and spousal and familial support were 14.59 (out of 40), 6.82 (out of 30), and 109.04 (out of 132), respectively. Stress (r=-.38, p<.001), depression (r=-.37, p<.001), and spousal and familial support (r=.37, p<.001) were significantly correlated with maternal identity. In multiple regression analysis, stress (β=-0.27, p=.005) and spousal and familial support (β=0.23, p=.014) were found to be significant factors influencing maternal identity in pregnant women (F=14.19, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop effective strategies to mitigate stress and to encourage spousal and familial support in pregnant women. Such strategies could further enable pregnant women to enhance their maternal identity.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.19-30
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• 2017

Purpose : This study investigated factors affecting the knowledge and attitude of organ procurement from brain dead patients in nurse clinicians. Methods : A survey was conducted with 160 clinical nurses from a university hospital in Seoul. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, an ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}^{\prime}s$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a multiple regression analysis were used. Results : The mean score for knowledge of organ procurement from brain dead patients was $12.41{\pm}2.16$ (mean correct answers = 62.1). Factors influencing the knowledge of organ procurement among nurse clinicians were working department (${\beta}=.454$, p < .001), a recent family death (${\beta}=.187$, p = .014), experience recognizing potential brain dead patients (${\beta}=.182$, p = .033), and experience referring to potential brain dead patients (${\beta}=-.192$, p = .048). Conclusion : To ensure effective organ procurement from brain dead patients, it is necessary to continually educate nurse clinicians to improve their attitude and knowledge concerning organ donation.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.419-429
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• 2008

This study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of women's body somatotypes by direct measurements. Through the classification of degree of obesity and silhouette, women in their 20s who have a great interest in body somatotype can grasp their real somatotype and recognize their obesity rate and silhouette easily. The results are as follows: 1. Average sizes of subjects for this study were: height 160.3cm, weight 52.2kg, bust 83.7cm, waist 65.7cm, hips 91.1cm. And average values of each body mass index were: BMI 20.3, Rohrer Index 1.27, Vervaeck Index 84.8. 2. For the BMI value, the Average Numeric Index of normal somatotype was the highest, 76.9%. The Rohrer Index of underweight somatotype was 34.3% and the Average Numeric Index was 1.12. In the Vervaeck Index, underweight somatotype was 35.7%, and the average Numeric Index was 79.1, while the overweight somatotype was 7.4% of the Vervaeck Index and 100.8 of the Average Numeric Index. So the index which had the largest range of normal values from the same subjects, was the BMI, then the Rohrer Index, and finally, the Vervaeck Index in that order. 3. In the result of sorting bodies with silhouettes, when drop value were used to sort, N type (normal somatotype) was 69.4%, H type (one has similar sizes in waist size and hips) was 20.4% and A type (one has big hips) was 10.2% in that order. Among people in their early 20s, A type was 12.1%. H type was high, 22.8%, among women in their late 20s. When Sinozaki's method of classifying body types was used, ideal somatotype was 86.6%, A type was 7.4%, I type was 5.6% and X type was 0.5%. Women in their late 20s showed higher rates of ideal somatotype, the rates of A type and I type were lower than women in their early 20s.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.393-400
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• 2010

This study examines the mordanting effect and multi functional properties of silk fabrics dyed with onion shell extracts that were mordanted with gallnut. The contents of this study are as follows. First, the optimum dyeing conditions were investigated by measuring the K/S value that depended the on dyeing conditions when silk fabrics were dyed with onion shell extracts. Second, the color, brightness, and chroma differences that appear after mordanting with gallnut were investigated by measuring the K/S and Munsell value. Third, the color fastness and antimicrobial activity were measured. When silk fabrics were dyed with onion shell extracts, the optimum dyeing conditions were a dyeing temperature of $70^{\circ}C$, a dyeing concentration of 160%, and a dyeing of time 30min. After mordanting with gallnut extracts, the K/S value increased remarkably and was larger in pre-mordanting than post-mordanting. The H value displayed yellow-red in all cases of pre and post mordanting. However, the H value was more reddish in the order of non-mordanting

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2010

Purpose: The prevalence of skin cancers and cutaneous premalignant lesions are increasing recently. It is necessary to treat cutaneous premalignant lesions, because these can progress to invasive skin cancers. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the usefulness of $CO_2$ laser resurfacing in skin tumor surgery. Methods: From 2005 to 2008, 14 patients with skin cancers, photodamaged skin and cutaneous premalignant lesions were treated with skin cancer excision, immediate reconstruction, and $CO_2$ facial laser resurfacing. Mean average follow-up period was 15.6 months (5 months - 36 months). Biopsy and clinical photograph were taken preoperatively, intraoperatively and through follow-up period to assess the effectiveness of laser resurfacing. Recurrence and side effects were evaluated through follow-up period. Results: Histologic examination shows the abolition of actinic atypia, regeneration of epidermis and normalization of cellular differentiation after laser resurfacing. Clinical photographs shows elimination of keratoses and spots, and the homogeneous, smoothening change of skin surface, indicating healthy and younger faces. All patients had remained free of skin cancers and premalignant lesions in laser-treated field through follow-up period. Conclusion: $CO_2$ laser resurfacing in skin tumor surgery can treat not only premalignant lesions but also subclinical lesions of photodamaged skin. Moreover it may be helpful in prophylaxis against skin cancers and premalignant lesions, providing rejuvenation and cosmetic improvement.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.189-201
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• 2007

Contemporary young people reveal their own personal values through the fashion that creates visual looks. Since 2000s began, young generations who are self-centered, value their own personality and constantly seek for changes form the main axis of fashion. In particular, the lower half of the body that has begun to be exposed outward has become the region that they want to expose as more ideal region than the upper half of the body. Further, young generations always have interest in fashion, and female college students in their early 20s are regarded as the group that values the aspects of pleasure that involve clothes and tends to seek sensibility when purchasing clothes. With this background, this study aims to examine how the styles that apply to modern fashion and recent vogues are evaluated with a focus on skinny jean from jean pants styles preferred by female college students. Materials regarding theoretical background and photos were collected from fashion related magazines at home and abroad and from the Internet websites. Questionnaires were surveyed for 160 female college students aged 20 or 25 who live in Seoul, and the results show as follows: Many female college students enjoy skinny jean and follow the fashion. However there are consumers who cling to their own styles even in the fashion of skinny jen. Ironically, some consumers wear it although they consider it as an item that does not fit Koreans: they tend to consider perspectives from others rather than their own preferences. For example, they wear it in order to show it to their boy friends or because they want themselves to look slim. In addition consumers seem to use Dongdaemun Shopping Mall or Internet shopping malls that provide various and low-priced items rather than to use high-priced famous products. It is considered that this result is shown as above because the scope of the study was restricted to female college students in their 20s. Accordingly, it is suggested that further studies should extend their subjects to wider range of ages.