• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• v.5 no.4 s.20
• /
• pp.228-237
• /
• 2005

Purpose: We investigated the impacts of the methylation states of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes on pathogenesis and genetic expression of stomach cancer and their relationships with Helicobater pylori infection, and with other clinico-pathologic factors. Material and Methods: In our study, to detect protein expression and methylation status of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes in 100 advanced gastric adenocarcinomas, used immunohistochemical staining and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and direct automatic genetic sequencing analysis. Results: Methylation of the P16 gene was observed in 19 out of 100 cases (19%) and in the 18 of those cases (94.7%) loss of protein expression was seen. We were sble to show that loss of P16 gene expression was related to methylation of the P16 gene (kappa coefficient=0.317, p=0.0011). Methylation of the hMLH1 gene was observed in 27 cases (27%), and in 24 cases of those 27 cases (88.8%), loss of protein expression was seen, which suggested that loss of protein expression in the hMLH1 gene is related to methylation of hMLH1 gene (kappa coefficient=0.675, P<0.0001). Also methylation of the hMLH1 gene was related to age, size of the mass, and lauren's classification. Conclusion: We found that methylation of DNA plays an important role in inactivation of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes. The methylation of the hMLH1 genes is significantly related to age, size of the mass, and lauren's classification.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.108-121
• /
• 2001

Background : The $p16^{INK4a}$ (p16) twnor suppressor gene is frequently inactivated in hwnan non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), predominantly through homozygous deletion or in association with aberrant promotor hypermethylation. Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) gene influences interferon $\gamma$-induced apoptotic cell death and has important role in metastasis of lung cancer in animal model. Hypermethylation of promoter region of DAP kinase gene may suppress the expression of this gene. Methods : This study was performed to investigate the aberrant methylation of p16 or DAP kinase in 35 resected primary NSCLCs by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and demonstrated frequency, diagnostic value and clinical implication of aberrant methylation of two genes. Results : Thirty-two cases were male patients, and 3 cases were female patients with an average age was 57. $8{\pm}10.5$ years. The histologic types of lung cancer were 22 of squamous cell carcinoma, 12 of adenocarcinoma, 1 of large cell carcinoma. Pathologic stages were 11 cases of stage I (1 IA, 10 IB), 13 cases of stage II (1 IIA, 12 IIB), and 11 cases of stage III (9 IIIA, 2 IIIB). Regarding for the cancer tissue, p16 aberrant methylation was noted in 13 case of 33 cases (39.4%), DAP kinase in 21 cases of 35 cases (60%). Age over 55 year was associated with p16 aberrant methylation significantly (p<0.05). Methylation status of two genes was not different by smoking history, histologic type, size of tumor, lymph node metastasis and disease progression of lung cancer. There was no correlation between p16 and DAP kinase hypermethylation. Conclusion: This investigation demonstrates that aberrant methylation of p16 tumor suppressor gene or DAP kinase showed relatively high frequency (74.3%) in NSCLCs, and that these genes could be a biologic marker for early detection of lung cancer.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2016

In comparison to the numbers of such studies of fish, few studies have been carried out on the immunity, physiology and ecology of abalone, while studies on abalone disease are also extremely rare. Moreover, mass mortality of cultured abalone due to pathogenic bacteria has not been reported in the southern coast of Korea. However, Vibrio-like bacteria have been isolated from dead abalone, which indicates that a review is required in order to determine the cause of abalone mortality. Use of an antimicrobial agent to minimize the damage caused by disease in abalone farms is common, but the therapeutic effects are insignificant. Demand for probiotics has increased, but research on the development of probiotics for use in abalone culture is very rare. Therefore, the present study isolated KC16-2 from fermented kimchi soup and investigated the characteristics of the isolate as a candidate probiotic bacterium in abalone. KC16-2 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B. amyloliquefaciens KC16-2) based on its biochemical properties and 16S rRNA gene sequence. B. amyloliquefaciens KC16-2 showed inhibitory effects against the growth of various vibrios in vitro, and kept the numbers constant until four days after inoculation in marine water at a temperature of $15{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, indicating the possible use of KC16-2 as a probiotic, except in the winter. The growth of KC16-2 was inhibited by bile salt, but the numbers increased over time suggesting the bacteria were still alive in the abalone's digestive tract. Abalone fed with a diet including KC16-2 for 12 weeks showed good growth, but showed no significant differences from the control group. However, the mortality of the abalone supplied the probiotic diet was reduced to half that of the control group in a challenge test with Vibrio tubiashii. Therefore, we suggest that B. amyloliquefaciens KC16-2 could be used as a probiotic bacterium for control of the mortality of abalone caused by opportunistic pathogenic vibrios.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2003

In the previous reports, the authors isolated two strains of marine bacteria, Shewanella sp. SR-14, which has Chaetonros sp. growth inhibition activity, and Vibrio alginolyticus, that did not affect growth of the alga. In the present study, fatty acid compositions of diatoms, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Skeletonema costatum, and marine bacteria, Shewanella sp. SR-14 and V. alginolyticus, were analyzed. Changes of fatty acid composition in the diatoms grown with the marine bacteria were also determined. Major fatty acids of Sbewanella sp. SR-14 were 16:1n-7 $(29.4\%)$ and 16:0 $(19.2\%)$ during incubation in peptone broth at $20^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. The compositions of V. alginolyticus detected were 16:0 $(23.7\%),$ 16:1n-7 $(27.7\%)$ and 18:1n-7 $(21.0\%).$ C. calcitrans consisted of 16:1n-7 $(33.3\%),$ 16:0 $(27.1\%)$ and 14:0 $(12.1\%).$ S. costatum mainly contained 16:1n-7 $(28.9\%),$ 16:0 $(21.6\%)$ and 20:5 $(19.8\%).$ When halves of cell numbers of C. calcitrans were moribund cells by Shewanella sp. SR-14, the C. calcitrans and S. costatum simultaneously cultured with the bacteria were harvested by filtration with GE/D glass microfibre filter. In the fatty acid composition of both diatoms, saturated fatty acid contents in both diatoms grown with Shewanella sp. SR-14 were decreased, but unsaturated fatty acid contents were increased. The differences were greater in C. calcitrans than those in S. costatum. During the growth of diatoms with V. alginolyticus, C. calcitrans showed increase of saturated fatty acid contents and decrease of unsaturated fatty acid contents; however, S. costatum did not show sharp difference in fatty acid content. In this study, Shewanella sp. SR-14, which showed growth inhibition activity against C. calcitrans, influenced on the changes of fatty acid contents in the diatom. It was suggested that increased unsaturated fatty acid was synergistically activated algal growth inhibition activity of Shewanella sp. SR-14.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• v.16
• /
• pp.16-16
• /
• 2006

• 프린팅코리아
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.122-123
• /
• 2015

한국출판학회(회장 윤세민)는 지난 8월 10일 오전 10시부터 중구 태평로 소재 뉴국제호텔 16층 회의장에서 제16회 한중출판학술회의를 개최했다. 이번 학술대회는 출판의 국제화 현황과 전망이라는 주제를 통해 최근 한국과 중국의 출판 현황을 파악하고, 이를 통해 출판의 국제화, 국제교류 활성화 방안 등을 모색했다.

• 발명특허
• /
• v.10 no.5 s.111
• /
• pp.70-70
• /
• 1985

3년전에 출범한 현대전자가 새로운 상품을 개발해 나가면서 착실한 성장을 계속하고 있다. 현대전자는 최근 소형 컴퓨터인 수퍼-16을 개발해내는 성과를 올렸다. 이번에 개발한 수퍼-16은 소형이면서 업무처리 능력이 뛰어난 것이 특징. 다기능 워크 스테이션이기 때문에 사용경험이 없는 초보자들도 쉽게 적응$\cdot$사용할 수 있으며 개인뿐만 아니라 사무실에서 각종 자료 및 다량의 문서처리와 기업의 데이터 처리에 특히 유용하다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1998.08a
• /
• pp.152-153
• /
• 1998

PLC 기술을 이용하여 16 채널 실리카 AWG 모듈을 제작하여 특성을 측정하였다. 입출력 광섬유간의 삽입손신은 3.77~6.55dB, 옆 채널간 crosstalk는 19dB, 채널 사이의 파장 간격은 0.8$\pm$0.02nm으로 측정되엇다. 온습도 주기 시험을 통하여 모듈의 신뢰성을 검증하였다.

• 전기의세계
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 1989

16Mb DRAM을 개발하는데 필요한 주요한 기술적인 문제점으로 설계면에서는 전력소모, Noise, Vcc내부 전압강하회로를 들 수 있다. 기술적인 면은 CELL을 어떻게 형상화느냐에 따라 문제가 다르게 나타나나 단차에 따른 photo/etching, 박막의 leakage전류와 reliability, short channel에 따른 transistor특성의 안정화등이 있다. 특히 16Mb에서는 stack형, stack과 trench의 병합형이 cell의 주요형태가 될 전망이다.

• Magazine of RCR
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.12-16
• /
• 2021