• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6949-6954
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• 2014

Background: Recent studies have indicated that microRNA-15a (miR-15a) is dysregulated in breast cancer (BC). We aimed to evaluate the expression of miR-15a in BC tissues and corresponding para-carcinoma tissues. We also focused on effects of miR-15a on cellular behavior of MDA-MB-231 and expression of its target gene synuclein-${\gamma}$ (SNCG). Materials and Methods: The expression levels of miR-15a were analysed in BC formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues by microarray and quantitative real-time PCR. CCK-8 assays, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were used to explore the potential functions of miR-15a in MDA-MB-231 human BC cells. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed direct targets. Results: Downregulation of miR-15a was detected in most primary BCs. Ectopic expression of miR-15a promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in vivo. Further studies indicated that miR-15a may directly interact with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of SNCG mRNA, downregulating its mRNA and protein expression levels. SNCG expression was negatively correlated with miR-15a expression. Conclusions: MiR-15a has a critical role in mediating cell cycle arrest and promoting cell apoptosis of BC, probably by directly targeting SNCG. Thus, it may be involved in development and progression of BC.

• 한국공간구조학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.4-9
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• 2018

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2014

본 연구는 완전제어형 식물공장에서 선형 지수 함수를 이용하여 재식거리($15{\times}10$, $15{\times}15$, $15{\times}20$, $15{\times}25$cm)에 따른 씀바귀의 생육과 수량 모델을 개발하고자 수행되었다. 개체당 건물중은 25cm 처리구가 가장 높았으며, 10cm 처리구가 가장 낮았다. 단위면적당 건물중으로 보면 15cm 처리구가 가장 높았으며, 25cm 처리구가 가장 낮았다. 따라서 씀바귀 생육을 위한 적정 재식밀도와 재식거리는 각각 44 plants/$m^2$와 $15{\times}15$cm였다. 정식 후 일수에 따른 건물중의 변화 곡선은 선형 지수적인 형태를 보였으며, 재식거리에 따른 선형 지수 형태를 이용하여 모델식을 예측할 수 있었다. 개체당 건물중과 개체당 생체중과의 관계는 재식거리와는 무관하게 직선적인 관계를 보여, 건물중 예측으로 생체중도 예측할 수 있었다. 선형 지수 함수식에서 작물생장율과 상대생장율, lost time는 쌍곡선 형태를 보였다. 씀바귀의 광사용효율는 $4.3-6.1g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$였다. 재식거리에 따른 씀바귀의 생육과 수량은 선형 지수 함수식으로 정확하게 예측할 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 선형 지수 함수는 완전제어형 식물 공장에서 씀바귀의 생육과 수량을 예측하는데 유용한 함수였으며, 생육과 수량 모델을 개발할 수 있었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.747-758
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• 2002

The skin displays a highly active metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Dietary deficiency of linoleic acid (LA), an 18-carbon (n-6) PUFA, results in characteristic scaly skin disorder and excessive epidermal water loss. Although arachidonic acid (AA), a 20-carbon (n6) PUFA, is metabolized via cyclooxygenase pathway into predominantly prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ and $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$, the metabolism of AA via the 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) pathway, which is very active in skin epidermis and catalyzes the transformation of M into predominantly 15S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HETE). Additionally, the 15-LOX also metabolizes the 18-carbon LA into 13S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13S-HODE), respectively. Interestingly, 15-LOX catalyzes the transformation of $dihomo-{\gamma}-linolenic$ acid (DGLA), derived from dietary gamma-linolenic acid, to 15S-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (15S-HETrE). These monohydroxy fatty acids are incorporated into the membrane inositol phospholipids which undergo hydrolytic cleavage to yield substituted-diacylglycerols such as 13S-HODE-DAG from 13S-HODE and 15S-HETrE-DAG from 15S-HETrE. These substituted-monohydroxy fatty acids seemingly exert anti-inflammatory/antiproliferative effects via the modulation of selective protein kinase C as well as on the upstream/down-stream nuclear MAP-kinase/AP-1/apoptotic signaling events.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.277-282
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• 2015

We demonstrated previously that a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15 (ADAM15) is released into the extracellular space as an exosomal component, and that ADAM15-rich exosomes have tumor suppressive functions. However, the suppressive mechanism of ADAM15-rich exosomes remains unclear. In this study, we show that the ADAM15 ectodomain is cleaved from released exosomes. This shedding process of the ADAM15 ectodomain was dramatically enhanced in conditioned ovarian cancer cell medium. Proteolytic cleavage was completely blocked by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, indicating that a serine protease is responsible for exosomal ADAM15 shedding. Experimental evidence indicates that the ADAM15 ectodomain itself has comparable functions with those of ADAM15-rich exosomes, which effectively inhibit vitronectininduced cancer cell migration and activation of the MEK/extracellular regulated kinase signaling pathway. We present a tumor suppressive mechanism for ADAM15 exosomes and provide insight into the functional significance of exosomes that generate tumor-inhibitory factors. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 277-282]

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

본 연구는 집중적인 답압피해를 줄이기 위해 답압 하에서 비료의 종류 질소, 인산, 칼륨 변화가 골프코스 그린 잔디의 생육과 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 하였다. 실험기간은 2005년 10월 1일${\sim}$2005년 11월 30일까지 약 2개월간 인천그랜드 골프장내 시험포장에서 크리핑 벤트그래스의 ' 사이드 II' 품종을 대상 실시되었고 실험구의 크기는 $1m\;{\times}\;1.5m$이며 3반복 완전임의배치법으로 하였다. 시험구 처리는 대조구와 질소량 및 인산과 칼륨의 시비량을 달리 달리한 실험을 수행하였다. 조사항목은 엽색, 질감, 잔디품질 및 내답 압성을 시각적으로 평가하였고 잔디 밀도(개/$cm^2$), 뿌리길이(cm)를 조사하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 질소량 변화에 있어 잔디의 엽색은 질소시비량에 따라 큰 차이를 보였으며 대조구인 A4(10-15-10)에 비해 A5(15-15-10), A6(20-15-10)가 가장 진하게 나타났다. 일의 질감은 처리구별 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 질소 시비량이 적을수록 질감이 나빴다. 또한 잔디품질은 대조구인 A4와 A2(0-15-10) 처리구에서 잔디품질이 낮았으며 A5 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 내답압성은 A5와 A6 처리구에서 높게 나타났으나 답압처리 30일 이후 A5에 비해 A6처리구의 내답압성이 낮아지는 경향이었다. 2. 질소량 변화에 있어 잔디 분얼경 밀도는 A5와 A6 처리구에서 높았으며, 잔디 분얼경 평균 밀도는 답압 전 26개/$cm^2$에서 답압 15일 후 18.7개/$cm^2$, 30일 후 10.9개/$cm^2$로 감소되었다. 반면 뿌리길이는 실험 30일 이후 기상환경이 좋아짐에 따라 질소 시비량이 많은 처리구일수록 길게 나타났으며 A6 처리구가 15.8cm로 가장 길었다. 3. 인산 및 칼륨 량 변화에 따른 잔디의 엽색은 A10(15-22.5-15)과 A9(5-7.5-5) 처리구가 다른 처리구보다 진하였으며 A7(10-0-0)과 A8(10-15-0) 처리구는 대조구인 A4에 비해 낮았다. 잎의 질감은 대조구인 A4와 A9 처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 높게 평가되었고 잔디품질은 A10 처리구가 가장 높았으며 인산을 제외한 A8 처리구가 가장 낮게 평가되었다. 또한 내답압성은 처리 20일까지는 대조구인 A4와 A10 처리구가 높았으나 30일 이후에는 처리구 모두 내답압성이 낮았다. 4. 인산 및 칼륨 량 변화에 따른 잔디 분얼경 밀도는 답압 30일 후 대조구인 A4 처리구의 분얼경이 13.3개로 가장 많았다. 처리구 간 평균 분얼경 밀도는 실험초기 26개/$cm^2$에서 답압처리가 진행됨에 따라 15일 후 20.1개/$cm^2$, 30일 후 10.9개/$cm^2$로 많이 낮아졌다. 또한 뿌리길이는 실험 30일 이후부터는 A10 처리구가 15.2cm로 가장 높게 나타났다. 이상 결과를 종합하여 보면 저온기의 답압으로 인한 잔디 피해를 최소화하고 건강한 잔디생육을 위하여 첫째, 저온기는 기온저하에 따라 비료흡수율이 낮아지기 때문에 시비량의 증가가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 저온기에는 인산 및 칼륨의 시비보다 질소 시비가 잔디의 회복을 촉진하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2011

Distal duplication, or trisomy 15q, is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder characterized by prenatal and postnatal overgrowth, mental retardation, and craniofacial malformations. Additional abnormalities typically include an unusually short neck, malformations of the fingers and toes, scoliosis and skeletal malformations, genital abnormalities, particularly in affected males, and, in some cases, cardiac defects. The range and severity of symptoms and physical findings may vary from case to case, depending upon the length and location of the duplicated portion of chromosome 15q. Most reported cases of duplication of the long arm of chromosome 15 frequently have more than one segmental imbalance resulting from unbalanced translocations involving chromosome 15 and deletions in another chromosome, as well as other structural chromosomal abnormalities. We report a female newborn with a de novo duplication, 15q24- q26.3, showing intrauterine overgrowth, a narrow asymmetric face with down-slanting palpebral fissures, a large, prominent nose, and micrognathia, arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, congenital heart disease, hydronephrosis, and hydroureter. Chromosomal analysis showed a 46,XX,inv(9)(p12q13),dup(15)(q24q26.3). Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed a gain of 42 clones on 15q24-q26.3. This case represents the only reported patient with a de novo 15q24-q26.3 duplication that did not result from an unbalanced translocation and did not have a concomitant monosomic component in Korea.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권5C호
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• pp.472-478
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• 2010

UWB 표준인 IEEE 802.15.3a 채널의 무선 통신 시스템 환경에서 채널에 적합하고 추정 정확도가 우수한 신호 도착 방향(AOA) 매개변수 추정 기반의 실내 무선 위치인식 알고리즘을 위한 평균가중 AOA 추정기법을 제안한다. AOA 매개 변수 추정을 위한 IEEE 802.15.3a 기반의 초광대역 신호 모형을 설정하고, 종래 추정 기법보다 추정 정확도가 우수한 평균가중 기반의 다중신호 분류 기법들을 제안한다. 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해, IEEE 802.15.3a 채널이 포함한 실내 무선 위치인식 시스템 환경을 구축하고, 제안한 AOA 추정 방식을 통해 종래 방식 보다 우수한 추정 결과를 보인다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

In this paper, an implementation of concurrent backoff delay process on a single chip with IEEE 802.15.4 hardware and 8051 processor core that can be used for analyzing the interference on IEEE 802.15.4 channels due to WiFi traffics is studied. The backoff delay process of IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA-CA algorithm is explained. The characteristics of random number generator, timer, and CCA register included in the single chip are described with their control procedure in order to implement the process. A concurrent backoff delay process to evaluate multiple IEEE 802.15.4 channels is proposed, and a method to service the associated tasks at sequentially ordered backoff delay events occurring on the channels is explained. For the implementation of the concurrent backoff delay process on a single chip IEEE 802.15.4 hardware, the elements for the single channel backoff delay process and their control procedure are used to be extended to multiple channels with little modification. The medium access delay on each channel, which is available after execution of the concurrent backoff delay process, is displayed on the LCD of an IEEE 802.15.4 channel analyzer. The experimental results show that we can easily identify the interference on IEEE 802.15.4 channels caused by WiFi traffics in comparison with the way displaying measured channel powers.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine sensory and chemical traits of reduced-fat frankfurters made with lean lamb or lean lamb/pork (50%/50%), fat from three different sources(pork fat, lamb fat or high-oleic sunflower oil) and added water products designated as L-P-15, LP-L-15, LP-So-15 and LP-P-15, according to lean meat type, source of added fat and target fat content and to compare such products with a similar reduced-fat product made with lean beef/pork (50%/50%) with pork fat(product designated as BP-P-15) and high-fat products made with lean beef/pork (50%/50%) or lamb/pork (50%/50%) with pork fat (BP-P-30 and LP-P-30). Actual fat contents of reduced-fat and high-fat products formulated for 15% and 30% fat were 17~18% and 28~31%, respectively, after processing. Processing yields were lower for all reduced-fat products than for the high-fat products. Trained sensory panelists rated LP-P-15 less intense in lamb flavor as compared to LP-L-15 and LP-So-15. Off-flavor intensity was positively correlated with lamb-flavor intensity (r=0.80), whereas frankfurter-flavor intensity was negatively correlated with lamb-flavor intensity (-0.88) and off-flavor intensity (r=-0.90). According to consumer panelists, LP-P-15 was as desirable in flavor as BP-P-15 or the two high-fat products (BP-P-30 and LP-P-30), while LP-So-15 and LP-L-15 were not. LP-P-15 and BP-P-15 were not notably different from their high-fat counterparts in juiciness and texture desirability and overall palatability. Regardless of fat content, meat type and fat source, there was little lipid oxidation when vacuum-packaged products were refrigerated for 12 weeks.