• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.9
• /
• pp.1546-1549
• /
• 2007

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS, 3 kDa

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.1546-1551
• /
• 2005

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus (NRN) on the change of cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), pial arterial diameter (PAD) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)] in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. And, this study was designed to investigate the inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in neuronal cells The results were as follows NRN significantly increased rCBF and PAD in a dose-dependent manner, and NRN increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. This results suggested that NRN significantly increased rCBF by dilating PAD. Both rCBF and PAD were significantly and stably increased by NRN (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. NRN significantly inhibited lactate dehydrogenase activity in neuronal cells. This results suggested that NRN prevented the neuronal death. It is suggested that NRN had an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and inhibitive effect on the brain damage.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.6 no.6
• /
• pp.1546-1564
• /
• 2012

Pattern-based query processing has not attracted much attention in wireless sensor network though its counterpart has been studied extensively in data stream. The methods used for data stream usually consume large memory and much energy. This conflicts with the fact that wireless sensor networks are heavily constrained by their hardware resources. In this paper, we use piece wise representation to represent sensor nodes' collected data to save sensor nodes' memory and to reduce the energy consumption for query. After getting data stream's and patterns' approximated line segments, we record each line's slope. We do similar matching on slope sequences. We compute the dynamic time warping distance between slope sequences. If the distance is less than user defined threshold, we say that the subsequence is similar to the pattern. We do experiments on STM32W108 processor to evaluate our strategy's performance compared with naive method. The results show that our strategy's matching precision is less than that of naive method, but our method's energy consumption is much better than that of naive approach. The strategy proposed in this paper can be used in wireless sensor network to process pattern-based queries.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.194-198
• /
• 2012

In this work, we studied the microstructural changes of ITO during the annealing process. ITO nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel method using indium tin hydroxide as the precursor. The prepared sample was investigated using TEM, powder XRD, XPS, DRIFT, and 2D correlation analysis. The O 1s XPS spectra suggested that the microstructural changes during the annealing process are closely correlated with the oxygen sites of the ITO nanoparticles. The temperature-dependent in situ DRIFT spectra suggested that In-OH in the terminal sites is firstly decomposed and, then, Sn-O-Sn is produced in the ITO nanoparticles during the thermal annealing process. Based on the 2D correlation analysis, we deduced the following sequence of events: 1483 (due to In-OH bending mode) ${\rightarrow}$ 2268, 2164 (due to In-OH stretching mode) ${\rightarrow}$ 1546 (due to overtones of Sn-O-Sn modes) ${\rightarrow}$ 1412 (due to overtones of Sn-O-Sn modes) $cm^{-1}$.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1543-1546
• /
• 2002

The expandable 4 bit adder/subtracter IC was designed using the adiabatic and dynamic CMOS logic (ADCL) circuit as the ultra-low power consumption basic logic circuit and the IC was fabricated using a standard 1.2 ${\mu}$ CMOS process. As the result the steady operation of 4 bit addition and subtraction has been confirmed even if the frequency of the sinusoidal supply voltage is higher than 10MHz. Additionally, by the simulation, at the frequency of 10MHz, energy consumption per operation is obtained as 93.67pJ (ar addition and as 118.67pJ for subtraction, respectively. Each energy is about 1110 in comparison with the case in which the conventional CMOS logic circuit is used. A simple and low power oscillation circuit is also proposed as the power supply circuit f3r the ADCL circuit. The oscillator operates with a less one volt of DC supply voltage and around one milli-watts power dissipation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.1546-1552
• /
• 2004

Electronic Ink is a stored data in the form of the handwritten text or the script without converting it into ASCII by handwritten recognition on the pen-based computers and Personal Digital Assistants(Pocket PC) for supporting natural and convenient data input. One of the most important issues is to search the electronic ink in order to use it. We proposed and implemented a script matching algorithm for the electronic ink. Proposed matching algorithm separated the input stroke into a set of primitive stroke using the curvature of the stroke curve. After determining the type of separated strokes, it produced a stroke feature vector. And then it calculated the distance between the stroke feature vector of input strokes and one of strokes in the database using the dynamic programming technique.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.1540-1546
• /
• 2014

In order to resolve coverage hole problems caused by indoor-BS (IBS) faults, we propose a new frame structure and practical algorithm based on optimization technique. Our main contributions can be described as follows: 1) a frame structure with healing channels for solving abnormal IBS faults; and 2) an efficient heuristic resource allocation algorithm with fixed IBS selection to reduce the complexity for the optimization problem. Through intensive simulations, we evaluate the performance excellency of our proposed algorithm with respect to average cell capacity and user fairness compared with conventional algorithms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2003.05c
• /
• pp.1543-1546
• /
• 2003

최근에는 GPS(Global Positioning System)와 무선 데이터 전송 능력이 있는 휴대용 전화기의 보급 및 이동/무선 컴퓨팅 기술의 발달로 인해 이를 이용한 응용 서비스에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 특히, 이동 차량, PDA, 휴대용 전화기, 노트북 컴퓨터 등을 이용한 위치기반서비스(LBS: Location Based Services)가 무선 인터넷 시장의 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 위치 정보를 기반으로 다양한 위치기반서비스를 제공할 수 있는 플랫폼은 향후 무선 인터넷 응용의 핵심기술이므로, 모바일 환경에서는 이러한 이동 객체들의 위치정보를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 현재 모바일 환경에서 위치기반서비스 관리 및 제공과정에서 얻어지는 데이터 형태를 살펴보고, 기존의 이동 객체 색인들을 이용하여 실세계에서 얻어지는 데이터를 처리하였을 때의 문제점들을 검토한다. 피리고 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 색인방법으로 동일한 시공간 정보를 갖는 이동 객체들을 블록단위로 저장하는 색인 구조를 제시함으로써 전체 색인 크기를 줄여 중복검색을 해결하고 디스크 I/O수를 줄이도록 설계한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.58 no.9
• /
• pp.129-141
• /
• 2008

Jikgeum(woven with supplementary golden wefts) hyungbae(rank badge) of danryung(official uniform) excavated from Im Backryung'tomb($1498{\sim}1546$) of the Joseon dynasty($1392{\sim}1910$) at Goyang, Gyunggi-Do in 2007, was in a critical condition because of serious collapse of substrate in metal thread. For conservation of hyungbae, metal thread was examined by different scientific methods(Light Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Rray Spectrometry(SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR)). Analytical data showed that metal thread was gilt membrane strip composed of gold leaves and proteinaceous substrate which was probably parchment. To protect collapse of substrate, 1% solution of Paraloid B-72 was infilterated into substrate for consolidation of substrate and it was adhered to warp of fabric in hyungbae, before wet cleaning. After wet cleaning, the most of the gold leaves were restored, which was confirmed by both the examination with the naked eye and the microscopic examination.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.1546-1550
• /
• 2010

최근 IPCC에서는 제 4차 평가보고서를 통해 대기 속 이산화탄소 농도가 산업혁명 이전에 비해 2005년 기준 약 35% 증가하였으며, 지난 1세기 동안 지구 평균기온이 $0.74^{\circ}C$ 증가하였다고 발표하였다. 이러한 기후변화로 인해 야기된 홍수, 가뭄, 사막화, 생태계 혼란 등의 심각한 환경문제를 해결하고자 UN에서는 1992년 세계 환경 개발에 관한 리우 데 자네이로 정상회의에서 기후변화에 관한 기본협약을 체결하여 국제적인 대책을 마련하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 이 중 토지이용변화에 관한 연구는 기후변화를 야기하는 주요한 요인에 관한 연구로서 온실가스 증가와 생물종다양성, 수문학적인 변화 등을 파악하는 데 활용되고 있다. 따라서 기후변화에 대응하고 지속가능한 개발 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 다양한 경제학적, 사회학적인 시나리오 조건에서 미래의 토지이용변화 양상을 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 토지이용변화에 영향을 미치는 사회 경제적 요인과 과거의 토지이용변화 패턴을 고려하여 토지이용변화를 모델링 할 수 있는 CLUE(The Conversion of Land Use and its Effects) 모델을 이용하여 SRES(Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) 시나리오에 기초한 토지피복 변화를 살펴보고자 한다. 이는 향후 기후변화를 최소화하기위한 개발전략 수립에 있어서 정책방향을 결정하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.