• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 1991

Various sterols and uncommon fatty acids have been isolated from the three species of Korean marine sponges. Odd-numbered pentadecanoic, heptadecanoic methyl ester and branched 12-methyltetradecanoic, 14-methylpentadecanoic, 15-methylhexadecanoic and 14-methylhexadecanoic methyl ester were isolated along with common tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic methyl ester from Heteropiidae sponge Vosmaeropsis japonica Hozawa collected from Sohuksan island of the Korea sea. Futher elution with more polar solvent gave 5${\alpha}$-cholestan-3${\beta}$-ol along with minor amount of ergost-25-ene-3${\beta}$,5${\alpha}$,6${\beta}$-triol. On the other hand, marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium collected from Yesu Dolsan island of the Korea sea was shown to contain 5${\alpha}$-cholestan-3${\beta}$-ol, along with minor amount of cholesterol, palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, stearic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid ethyl ester. Unknown marin sponge collected from the same region was shown to contain large amount of tetradecanoic tetradecyl and hexadecyl ester and cholesteryl acetic and fatty acid ester.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2011

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the $CHCl_3$-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of the fruiting bodies of Hygrophorus russula led to the isolation of five ergosterol derivatives (1 - 5). The structures of these compounds were identified as ergosterol peroxide (1), ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (2), ergosta-7,22-diene-3${\beta}$,5${\alpha}$,6${\alpha}$-triol (3), ergosta-7,22-diene-3${\beta}$,5${\alpha}$,6${\beta}$,9${\alpha}$-tetraol (4), and 5${\alpha}$,6${\alpha}$-epoxy-ergosta-8(14),22-diene-3${\beta}$,7${\alpha}$-diol (5) by comparing their physicochemical and spectral data with those in the literature. These compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against A549 and XF498 cancer cell lines. Most of the tested compounds, except for compound 3, exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against both A549 and XF498 cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 10.2 to 18.3 ${\mu}g/ml$ and from 11.4 to 24.6 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.2 s.67
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• pp.311-327
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Transforming Growth Factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) on the viability of human periodontal ligament cells, in-vitro and on the experimental tooth movement in rat, in-vivo. Human periodontal ligaments were cultured from the first premolar tooth extracted for the purpose of the orthodontic treatment. 0.1, 1, 5 and 10ng/m1 of TGF-${\beta}$ was given to the cultured wells, respectively and the viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 experimental groups(4 rats in each) where 100g of force was applied from helical spring across the maxillary incisors. TGF-${\beta}$ was injected via Hamilton syringe into the periodontal ligament at the mesial and the distal surface of a maxillary incisor of 2 rats in each experimental group. Phosphate buffer saline(PBS) was injected in 2 other rats as controls. Experimental groups were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after force application, respectively. The obtained tissues were evaluated histologically. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The viability of periodontal ligament cells in 0.1ng/ml of TGF-${\beta}$ was not significantly different from that of control at 1-, 2- and 3-day of cultivation. 2. The viability of periodontal ligament cells was significantly increased at 3-day in 1ng/ml or 5ng/ml of TGF-${\beta}$, and at 2-,3-day in 10ng/ml of of TGF-${\beta}$. 3. The zone of hyalinization in periodontal ligament in pressure side was smaller in TGF-${\beta}$ injection group than that in control group at 3-day after the application of experimental force in rat. But no difference was seen after 7-day. 4. Osteoclastic activity and capillary prolieferation in pressure side were greater in TGF-${\beta}$ injection group than that in control group at 3-day to 7-day. 5. Osteoblastic activity and new bone fomation in tension side were greater in TGF-${\beta}$ injection group than that in control group at 3-day to 14-day.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.574-579
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• 1989

Chromosomal DNA fragments of Bacillus sp. YA-14, isolated from soil as a potent $\beta$-xylosidase producing bacterium, were ligated to a vector plasmid pBR322 and used to transfer Escherichia coli HB101 cells. The recombinant plasmid pYXL22 was found to enable the transformants to produce $\beta$-xylosidase. pYXL22 was found to contain the 7.0 kb HindIII DNA fragment originated from the Bacillus sp. YA-14 chromosomal DNA by Southern hybridization. The optimum temperature for the reaction of $\beta$-xylosidase produced by E. coli HB101 (pYXL22) was appeared at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was maintained stably up to 4$0^{\circ}C$ when stored 1hr at 4$0^{\circ}C$. The $\beta$-xylosidase was repressed completely by 0.4% (w/v) glucose concentration in E. coli HB101 (pYXL22). The optimum concentration of xylose for the $\beta$-xylosidase production in Bacillus sp. YA-14 was 0.2% (w/v).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.950-957
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• 1995

The carotenoids of 14 Korean Citrus were analyzed by HPLC and spectrophotometry. Selected Citrus varieties were Satsuma mandarins, Orange, Ponkan, Marumeru and Iyeagam. The amount of carotenoid in peel and juice of Citrus is $0.82{\sim}10.64\;mg%$ and $0.23{\sim}3.38\;mg%$, respectively. Among the 14 peaks obtained from each samples, ${\alpha}-carotene$, ${\beta}-carotene$, Iycopene and lutein were identified by the direct comparison with authentics. Eigth peaks were assumed to neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein-5,6-epoxide, isolutein, cryptox-diepoxide, cryptox-5,6-epoxide and ${\beta}-cryptoxanthin$ through reference $t_R$ and two peaks remained unknown.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.261-265
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• 1991

In a microbial cell-free extract system, side chain cleavage on various sterols and steroids was tested. The cell-free extracts of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805 showed the side chain cleavage activity on lithocholic acid to form 5$\beta$-androstan-3.17-dione. The properties of the activity were examined.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.189-195
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• 2012

It has been reported that vitamin C plays an effective role in the treatment and prevention of cancer, but its specific mechanisms are still largely unknown. The incidence of colon cancer is now increasing in Korea. Therefore, we have examined here the effect of vitamin C on the induction of the apoptosis on colon cancer and its related mechanisms. We have found that remarkable increase of the apoptosis and the calcium influx in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in human colon cancer cell line, HCT-8. However, vitamin C-induced apoptosis was effectively inhibited by the pre-treatment of BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid), which is well-known as a calcium specific chelator. During the apoptosis, we found the increase of the translocation of Bad to mitochondria from cytosol, after releasing from 14-3-$3{\beta}$. In this process, the expression of Bax, a well-known pro-apoptotic protein, was also increased. Taken together, vitamin C induces apoptosis of colon cancer cell line, HCT-8 through the increase of 1) the calcium influx in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), 2) the translocation of Bad to mitochondria, and 3) the expression of Bax.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 1988

In this study, the effect of single or repeated (daily for 7 or 14 days) electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on central and peripheral opiate system and modification of the actions of ECS by several psychoactive drugs were investigated in the rat. Repeated ECS caused increase of Met-enkephalin content and decrease of Bmax of specific $[^3H]$imorphine binding in the rat brain. These effects were persisted more than 7 days after the last ECS, but single ECS failed to show these effects. However, ${\beta}-endorphin$ content was decreased in midbrain preparation and increased in plasma by repeated or single ECS. These phenomenon was seen shortly after the last ECS. After ECS-induced seizure was prevented by phenobarbital, ECS-induced increase in Met-enkephalin content was significantly attenuated. Imipramine or pargyline did not affect the action of repeated ECS. On the other hand, reserpine, chlorpromazine or haloperidol which were classified as neuroleptic antipsychotics, augmented the ECS-induced changes of central and peripheral opiate parameters. Furthermore, in groups received repeated ECS, changes of Bmax of specific $[^3H]-morphine binding$ binding was inversely correlated with changes of Met-enkephalin contents, but not with changes of ${\beta}-endorphin$ contents. From these results, it is inferred that the central or peripheral opioidergic system may be involved in the therapeutic and/or adverse effects of ECS which also can be influenced by some psychoactive drugs.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 1993

Beta ray spectra of $^3H,\;^{14}C\;and\;^{36}Cl$ in liquid scintillation counting system have been calculated using the Monte Carlo method by which physical behaviors of particle transport in medium were simulated. The calculations have been carried out on the basis of beta rays being slowing down according to the continuous slowing down approximation(CSDA) model. Beta rays generated in simulation geometry were traced until they lost their energy below 0.3keV that in known to be the detection limit in the liquid scintillation counter. Scintillator solution in which pure beta emitting radionuclides were dissolved uniformly was assumed to be bottled in the shape of right circular cylinder with 12.5mm in radius and 35mm in height. The comparison of the calculated and measured results showed satisfactory agreement between those two, with slight discrepancy due to self quenching in the case of lower energy of emitted beta particles in the solution.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1990.02a
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• pp.154-156
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• 1990

긴 사슬로 된 유기분자인 $\beta$-Carotene, Retinal, Retinol 의 제 3차 비선형 광학감수율을 자기유도 타원편광축회전 방법으로 측정하였다. $\beta$-Carotene의 X1221(3)(-w, w, w, -w)값이 32.4X10-14(㎤/erg)였다.