• 제목/요약/키워드: 14-3-$3{\beta}$

검색결과 1,348건 처리시간 0.033초

Anti-stress effects of ginseng via down-regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine ${\beta}$-hydroxylase (DBH) gene expression in immobilization-stressed rats and PC12 cells

  • Kim, Yang-Ha;Choi, Eun-Ha;Doo, Mi-Ae;Kim, Joo-Yeon;Kim, Chul-Jin;Kim, Chong-Tai;Kim, In-Hwan
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.270-275
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    • 2010
  • Catecholamines are among the first molecules that displayed a kind of response to prolonged or repeated stress. It is well established that long-term stress leads to the induction of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine ${\beta}$-hydroxylase (DBH) in adrenal medulla. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ginseng on TH and DBH mRNA expression. Repeated (2 h daily, 14 days) immobilization stress resulted in a significant increase of TH and DBH mRNA levels in rat adrenal medulla. However, ginseng treatment reversed the stress-induced increase of TH and DBH mRNA expression in the immobilization-stressed rats. Nicotine as a ligand of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in adrenal medulla stimulates catecholamine secretion and activates TH and DBH gene expression. Nicotine treatment increased mRNA levels of TH and DBH by 3.3- and 3.1-fold in PC12 cells. The ginseng total saponin exhibited a significant reversal in the nicotine-induced increase of TH and DBH mRNA expression, decreasing the mRNA levels of TH and DBH by 57.2% and 48.9%, respectively in PC12 cells. In conclusion, immobilization stress induced catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes gene expression, while ginseng appeared to restore homeostasis via suppression of TH and DBH gene expression. In part, the regulatory activity in the TH and DBH gene expression of ginseng may account for the anti-stress action produced by ginseng.

인장시험에 의한 낚시의 변형과 파단하중 (The Deformation and Breaking Load of the Fishing Hook by the Tensile Test)

  • 고관서;김용해
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.269-275
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    • 1981
  • 연근해 어업용 낚시 6가지형에 대하여 만능실험기로 인장속도를 290mm/min와 780mm/min로 하여 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 낚시의 직경은 d, 미늘 기부에서 허리굽이까지의 거리를 w라 하면 낚시의 파단하중은 $B={\alpha}\;wd^2+\beta$ (단, B는 kg, w와 d는 mm)로 나타내며, 인장연도가 290mm/min 일 때의 $\alpha,\;\beta$는 둥근형 낚시 $SR_{p}-F_{1}B,\;SR_{p}-F_{1}S$$\alpha_{s}=0.5,\;\beta_{s}=1.6$, 모난형 낚시 $SA_{a}-F_{1}S,\;SA_{a}-F_{1}S_k,\;LA_{a}-F_{1}S_{k}$$\alpha_{s}=1.1,\;\beta_{s}=2.0$긴 낚시 $LA_{p}-F_{1}S$$\alpha_{s}=0.4,\;\beta_{s}=1.5$정도이다. 2) 인장속도가 780mm/min 일 때 윗식에서 $\alpha,\;\beta$는 둥근형 낚시는 $\alpha_{f}=0.4,\;\beta_{f}=1.4$모난형 낚시는 $\alpha_{f}=1.0$ 일본산은 $\beta_{f}=0.9$, 국산은 $\beta_{f}=-2.5$ 긴 낚시는 $\alpha_{=}0.6,\;\beta_{f}=0.4$ 정도이다. 3) 낚시의 파단변형률은 $40\sim60\%$ 정도이며, 인장속도가 빠를 때의 변형률은 느릴 때에의 $95\%$ 정도이나, 빠를 때의 파단하중은 느릴 때의 $80\%$ 정도이다. 4) 낚시가 파단되는 부위는 인장속도에 관계없이 거의 모두 허리굽이 부분이며 꼭지 기부에서 파단점까지의 거리는 낚시 길이와 거의 같다.

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보건계열학과 학생들의 구강건강행위와 관련요인 (Oral health behavior and related factors in public health majoring students)

  • 한여정;한미아;류소연;최성우
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.487-495
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the associated factors with oral health behavior in public health majoring students. Methods: Using convenience sampling method, the subjects were 474 health-related majoring students in Jeollanamdo. A self-reported questionnaire was completed from September 1 to 15, 2014. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, oral health related characteristics, oral health knowledge and behavior. Data were analyzed using SAS 9.3 version. T-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the related factors with oral health behavior. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ in oral health knowledge in this study was 0.52 and that in oral health behavior was 0.80. Results: The overall score of oral health behavior was $3.38{\pm}0.52$. Of all behaviors, the practice in brush of teeth and tongue had the highest mean score. In multiple regression analysis, oral health knowledge in the nursing and dental hygiene students was positively associated with the oral health behavior(${\beta}=0.04$, p=0.003, ${\beta}=0.23$, p=0.003, and ${\beta}=0.18$, p=0.034, respectively). Necessity of dental care, one of oral symptom, and more than two oral symptoms were negatively associated with oral health behavior(${\beta}=-0.14$, p=0.002, ${\beta}=-0.11$, p=0.037, and ${\beta}=-0.17$, p=0.011, respectively). Conclusions: Higher oral health knowledge showed higher levels of oral health behavior. These results will enhance the quality of oral health behavior by increasing the level of oral health knowledge. The optimal oral health education program would be able to improve oral health behavior by increasing the level of oral health knowledge.

친환경 복합효소제 첨가가 이유자돈의 설사 및 면역반응에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Eco-friendly Multi-enzyme on Diarrhea and Immune Response of weaned Pigs)

  • 민예진;김준수;김신아;장기범;문다예;김병현;최지환;송민호
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.151-161
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    • 2018
  • This study was designed to investigate the effects of multi-enzyme on diarrhea and immune responses of weaned pigs. A total 36 weaned pigs ($5.92{\pm}0.48kg\;BW$; 28 d old) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments (3 pigs/pen, 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were a typical diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and CON with 0.1% multienzyme (Multi; mixture of ${\beta}-mannanase$, xylanase, ${\alpha}-amylase$, protease, ${\beta}-glucanase$, and pectinase). Pigs were fed their respective diets for 6 wk. Frequency of diarrhea, levels of packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cells (WBC), immunoglobulins, cortisol, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ ($TGF-{\beta}$), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Multi group tended to decrease (p<0.1) diarrhea frequency than CON group during 2 wk after weaning. Lower values of PCV on d 3 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.1) were found in Multi group compared with CON group. There were no significant differences on WBC number and immunoglobulin (Ig) M and A between Multi and CON groups. However, Multi group tended to increase (p<0.1) Ig G on d 7 than CON group. Moreover, Multi group showed modulated immune responses, indicated by decreased levels of cortisol (p<0.05) on d 7 and 14, $TNF-{\alpha}$ on d 3 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.10), $TGF-{\beta}$ on d 2 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.10), and CRP (p<0.10) on d 3 and 7 after weaning compared with CON group. Consequently, inclusion of multi-enzyme in diets for weaned pigs improved gut health and modulated immune responses of weaned pigs.

여지전기영동법(濾紙電氣泳動法)에 의(依)한 한우(韓牛) 급(及) 돈(豚)의 정상혈청단백질분획(正常血淸蛋白質分劃)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究) (PAPER ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION OF SERUM PROTEINS IN CATTLE AND SWINE)

  • 임봉호
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1964
  • The ratios of cattle and swine serum proteins taken from the slaughter house were studied by Paper Electrophoresis. 1. Of 79 cattle and 53 swine, 49 cattle and 32 swine were observed in this studying as normal animals, the rest which was over 60% of albumin, globulin values and 1/2 of A/G (albumin/globulin) ratio was observed separately as abnormalities, because physiological examination was not made before slaughter. The ratios of the normal serum proteins were A (albumin) 58.8, ${\alpha}$(alpha-globulin) 13.7, ${\beta}$(beta-globulin) 11.9, ${\gamma}$(gamma-globulin) 28.6, G(total globulin) 49.2, A/G 1.03 in cattle and A 48.4, ${\alpha}$ 18.0, ${\beta}$ 13.6, ${\gamma}$ 20.0, G 51,6, A/G 0.93 in swine, the result including abnormalities showed A 45.5, ${\alpha}$ 14.8, ${\beta}$ 12.5, ${\gamma}$ 26.7, G 54.5, A/G 0.83 in cattle and A 44.5, ${\alpha}$ 19.8, ${\beta}$ 13.7, ${\gamma}$ 21.8, G 55.3, A/G 0.80 in Swine. 2. The A/G ratio of cattle and swine were 1.03 and 0.93 respectively, the A/G ratio of Korean cattle and swine are higher than the ration reported of others. Although A/G ratio of swine was below 1.00, and its value showed slightly higher than the others. The A/G ratio in this result including the abnormalities was relatively low but this ratio was higher than that values obtained by other reporters. 3. Twenty nine percent of cattles and 34 per cent of swines in this study, fluctuation of A/G ratio was great. The values of ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ globulins thought to be influenced by the amount of total globulin except ${\beta}$-globulin in swine. To obtain more occurate results, more sample size is required, in other hand some animals that is in subclinical condition might influence the values of this study. 4. The ratios of each fraction mobility which were regarded albumin as 100 were A 100, ${\alpha}$ 73, ${\beta}$ 47, ${\gamma}$ 30 in Cattle and A 100, ${\alpha}$ 71, ${\beta}$ 46, ${\gamma}$ 30 in Swine.

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디프로파질디페닐메탄의 결정 및 분자구조 (The Crystal and Molecular Structure of Dipropargyldiphenylmethane)

  • 안중태;최삼권
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.473-476
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    • 1993
  • 디프로파질디페니메탄$(C_{19}H_{16})$는 단사정계의 공간군 $C2/_c$에$ 속하며 a = 11304(3), b = 20.799(5), c = $6.622(2)\AA$, $\beta$ = $112.8(3)^{\circ}$, Z = 4, V = $1435.3\AA^3,\;F(000)\;=\;520,\;D_c\;=\;1.14g{\cdot}cm^{-3}$ and $\mu$ = 0.32 cm$^{-1}$이며 I $\geq$ -1.0 $\sigma(I)$인 1328개의 회절반점에 대한 최종 R값은 0.055였다. 직접법에 의하여 구조를 풀었으며 수소를 제외한 모든 원자는 E-map에서 찾았다. 한 분자는 단위세포내에 있는 결정학적 2-회전축과 일치하는 대칭축을 분자내의 메탄의 탄소원자에 가짐으로서 $C_2$ 점군에 속한다. 직선인 프로파질 부분은 벤젠기의 분자평면과 거의 수직$(94.2^{\circ})$을 이루고 있으며, 메탄의 탄소원자의 내부각은 $108.1(1)^{\circ}으로$ 벤젠기와는 $1.530(2)\AA$, 프로파질기와는 $1.560(2)\AA$의 길이로 결합하고 있다. 분자사이의 가장 짧은 접촉은 C(9)과 C(9)(-x,y, -1/2-z)사이의 $3.538(2)\AA$ 이다.

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총명탕, 원지, 석창포가 베타아밀로이드로 유발된 학습과 기억장애에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix and Acori Graminei Rhizoma on $A{\beta}$ Toxicity and Memory Dysfunction in Mice)

  • 박은경;심은섭;정혁상;손낙원;손영주
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.608-620
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : This study investigated the protective effects of the water extracts of Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma in an in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model. Methods : Memory impairment was induced by an intraventricular injection of $A{\beta}25-35$ peptides and subsequently Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, or Acori Graminei Rhizoma extract were administered orally for 14days. Results : In the water maze task, Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma extracts improved learning ability during the acquisition period and significantly increased memory scores during the retention period versus $A{\beta}-injected$ controls. Furthermore, the toxicity of $A{\beta}25-35$ on hippocampus was assessed immunohistochemically (Tau, MAP2, TUNEL, Bax) and by in vitro study. Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects against oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neurons damaged by $A{\beta}25-35$. Conclusions : These results suggested that Chongmyung-tang, Polygalae Radix and Acori Graminei Rhizoma extract improve memory impairment and reduce Alzheimer's dementia via anti-apoptotic effects and by modulating the expressions of Tau and MAP2 protein in the hippocampus.

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여성교대근무 간호사의 수면의 질 구조모형 (Structural Equation Model for Sleep Quality of Female Shift Work Nurses)

  • 정지영;구미옥
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제48권5호
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    • pp.622-635
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for sleep quality in female shift work nurses. The hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Spielman's 3P model of insomnia and previous research related to the sleep quality of shift nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study used structural equation modeling and recruited 285 female shift work nurses from four general and university hospitals with over 300 beds located in C and J cities in Gyeongsangnamdo. Data were collected from September 27 to October 20, 2016, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and structural equation modeling. The study used SPSS/Win 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 in processing the data. Results: The final model showed good fit to the empirical data: ${\chi}^2/df=2.19$, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.07, AGFI=.85, TLI=.91, GFI=.93, GFI=.89, NFI=.87. The factors that influenced sleep quality were sleep hygiene (${\beta}=.32$), perceived shift work status (${\beta}=-.16$), stress response (${\beta}=.16$), shift work experience (${\beta}=.15$), perceived health status (${\beta}=-.14)$, and circadian rhythm (${\beta}=-.13$) explaining 36.0% of the variance. Conclusion: The model of sleep quality of the shift work nurses constructed in this study is recommended as a model to understand and predict the sleep quality of shift work nurses. The results suggest that strategies for improving the sleep quality of shift work nurses should focus on sleep hygiene, perceived health status, stress response, circadian rhythm, perceived shift work status, and shift work experience.

Histopathological Study and Expression of Beta-Catenin in Congenital Choledochal Cyst in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Referral Center in South India

  • Rashmi Tresa Philpose;Abdul Aleem Mohammed;Ashrith Reddy Gowni
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.62-70
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: Choledochal cysts are congenital anomalies that occur as localized cystic or fusiform dilatations of the biliary tree. Reflux and stasis of pancreatic enzymes in the biliary duct may relate to the development of intestinal metaplasia which might be an important factor related to the carcinogenesis of choledochal cyst, thus the expression of beta-catenin in the metaplastic epithelium might be associated with malignant transformation of choledochal cyst epithelium. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary care pediatric center between October 2014 and March 2017. Forty patients were evaluated for epithelial lining, mural ulceration, fibrosis, inflammation, and metaplasia. Results: Out of 40, 12 cases (30.0%) were the infantile age group and 28 cases (70.0%) were in the classic pediatric group. Ulceration was classified as grade 0 (14 cases, 35.0%), grade 1 (17 cases, 42.5%), or grade 2 (nine cases, 22.5%). Inflammation was classified as grade 0 (2 cases, 5.0%), grade 1 (26 cases, 65.0%), or grade 2 (12 cases, 30.0%). Fibrosis was classified as grade 0 (five cases, 12.5%), grade 1 (11 cases, 27.5%), grade 2 (17 cases, 42.5%), or grade 3 (seven cases, 17.5%). Metaplasia was noted in five (12.5%) out of 40 cases. All choledochal cysts with metaplasia showed beta-catenin nuclear positivity on immunohistochemistry and were followed up. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of detailed histopathological examination and documentation of metaplastic changes. Metaplasia was associated with beta-catenin nuclear positivity. These findings suggest a potential role for beta-catenin as a marker of metaplastic changes in choledochal cysts.

만가닥버섯의 원형질체 분리(分離) 및 환원(還元) (Protoplast Isolation and Reversion from Lyophyllum ulmarium)

  • 유영복;유창현;박용환;장권열
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.14-18
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    • 1987
  • This experiment was undertaken to investigate proper conditions for protoplast formation from Lyophyllum ulmarium. Combination of Novozym 234, ${\beta}-Glucuronidase$ and ${\beta}-D-Glucanase$ with 0.6 M Sucrose was the most effective for isolation of protoplasts. The optimal reaction time of mycelium with the lytic mixture was 3 hrs in shaking condition at 120 strokes $min-^1$. When the mycelium of L. ulmarium was cultured for 6 days on yeast glucose agar medium at $25^{\circ}C$, the formation of protoplasts was effective. The yeast glucose agar medium stabilized with 0.6 M sucrose was the most effective for reversion of protoplasts.

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