• Title/Summary/Keyword: 13-week

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A Study on the foodwaste treatment using the DRANCO system (건식단상혐기성소화조를 이용한 음식물류폐기물 처리)

  • Hong, Jong-Soon;Kim, Jae-Woo;Shin, Dae-Yewn
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2008
  • Foodwaste will be able to treat is 13,000 ton/day. $18{\times}10^{13}$ won/yr are wasted with the foodwaste treatment. As a result, the initial working condition. These are given as follows : On the 1st. week, the foodwaste of the 130 ton/week(digest sludge : input foodwaste = 20 : 1) is being put into a DRANCO system by the space of 2 day. On the 2nd week, the food waste of the 130 ton/week(5 day) is being put into a DRANCO system by the space of 2 day. On the 3rd week, the foodwaste of the 130 ton/week is being put into a DRANCO system by the space of 3day. On the 4th week, the foodwaste of the 350 ton/week is being put into a DRANCO system. After that time, increase the quantity than last week is 10%. Under steady-state working condition, the methane content of the biogas is more then 55%. The $NH_3-N$ content of the digest sludge is under 3,500ppm. The VFA content of the digest sludge is under 1,500ppm. The pH is more then 8. The TS content of the digest sludge is $18{\sim}22%$. The VS content of the digest sludge is under 65%.

Factors Associated with the Continuous Abstinence Rate from Smoking on Smoking Cessation Program over 6 Months in College Students of Daejeon, Korea (대전 지역 대학생의 6개월 금연 성공 관련 요인)

  • Seo, Eun-Seon;Kim, Chul-Woung;Lee, Seung Eun;Im, Hyo-Bin;Lee, Sang-Yi;Kang, Jung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.247-257
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    • 2020
  • Despite the various smoking cessation programs that are available for college students, students have lower rates of quitting smoking than do other age groups. This study identifies the variables associated with continuous abstinence from smoking among college students. This study used the data from the National Tobacco Control Center and 781 college students who participated in the program conducted by the Daejeon Tobacco Control Center from June, 2015 to December, 2016. The results showed that the expiration CO level and the frequency of attending smoking cessation counseling were the significant variables related to the continuous abstinence rate at 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Students who had a low expiration CO level (?10 ppm) had a higher abstinence rate than did the students who had a high expiration CO level (≥10ppm), and the OR was 2.53 at 4-week, 2.33 at 12-week, and 2.13 at 24-week. The ORs for the 4-week, 12-week, and 24-week abstinence rates with one additional counseling session were 12.39, 13.13, and 12.21, respectively. This study suggests the need to increase the number of smoking cessation counseling sessions for effective smoking cessation intervention among college students.

Effects of the Nuegra from Male Silkworm Extract on Enhancement of the Masculine Function and Activation of Overall Physical Function

  • Kim, D. C.;Kim, Y. W.;Park, M. S.;J. K. Suh;Lee, D. S.;Lee, S. H.;B. H. Chun;Y. K. Jun
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.109-122
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of the Nuegra on enhancement of the masculine and physical activities in general through measuring changes of the testosterone, FSH and subjective symptoms like fatigue, insomnia, urinary stream, muscular weakness, libido and erectile dysfunction. Total 168 male subjects were enrolled from 12 urology, internal medicine clinics and general practitioner, During the 6-week investigational period, 2 capsules of Nuegra were given to the subjects right after meal for 4 weeks, and 1 capsule of Nuegra was added each time in subjects with no or minimal effect. Testoster-one and FSH levels were measured at first visit and last visit, for evaluating masculine activities. To avoid bias and standardize the test results, only one clinic was assigned as a central lab, and all blood samples were transferred. General information and subjective symptoms were evaluated at first visit and at 2 weeks interval, week 2, 4 and 6 using VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). The mean age of the subjects were 51.8${\pm}$8.2 years old (range: 36.1-82.1). Based on the subjects who were tested on testosterone and FSH levels at day l and week 6, the means were 4.4${\pm}$1.4 nmol/L (range: 2.6-7.7), 8.6${\pm}$9.6 mIU/mL (range: 0.3-40.4), respectively at day 1. At week 6, the results were 4.9 ${\pm}$1.6 (2.6-8.9 range), 9.4${\pm}$13.1 (1.0-53.9 range), respectively. Marginally significant difference between pre-dose and post-dose was present. Statistically significant differences were revealed in general assessment for subjective symptoms, fatigue, insomnia, erectile dysfunction, etc. In fatigue, response rates were 39.6, 65.4 and 76.4% at week 2, 4 and 6, respectively (P < 0.0001). Response vates for erectile dysfunction were 13.4, 41.2 and 72.7% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively, Response rates for libido were 13.6, 51.6 and 73.5% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. For urinary stream response rates were 26.9, 44.7 and 66.8% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. VAS for muscular weakness did not show significant results that response rates were 40, 60 and 80% at week 2, 4, and 6 from 8.2 (P = 0.24), respectively. Response rates for insomnia were 50, 60, 100% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. The results shows that Nuegra tends to enhance masculine activities including libido, erectile dysfunction and urinary stream and also effective for improving general conditions especially insomnia, muscular weakness and fatigue. In conclusion, this investigation has demonstrated that Nuegra does not only have tendency to increase masculine activities through increased secretion of the testosterone and FSH but also improve general conditions such as erectile dysfunction, libido, fatigue and muscular power.

Effect of the Mixed Herbal Medicine for the Substitution of Antibiotics on the Performance of Laying Hens(I) - Part of Rearing Period - (산란계 사육에 있어서 한방조성물의 항생제 대체 효과(I) - 육추기와 육성기 중심 -)

  • Lee, Dae-Ho;Park, Moon-Ki
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 2008
  • The experiment was conducted to determine effect of the mixed herbal medicine for the substitution of antibiotics on the performance of laying hens. Day old hyline 1,500 layer chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments. Control were 600 chicks and there were three treatments of each 300 chicks. The 4 treatments were as follows: the mixed herbal medicine 0.1%(T-1), 0.3%(T-2) and 0.5%(T-3) after removed antibiotics on commercial feed and commercial feed( control) from 5th week to 13th week, each treatment was replicated 3 times and from 14th week to 18th week. Each 100 hens of the mixed herbal medicine 0.1%(CT-1), 0.3%(CT-2) and 0.5%(CT-3) were moved to cage. Body weight were measured on 4th, 8th, 13th week and feed intake, mortality were measured on every weeks. Body weight at fourth week, all treatments tended to be higher than control and T-3 statistically was highest(p<0.01). On 8th week, also treatments statistically high and T-1 was highest(p<0.01). But 12th week, there was not significantly different among treatments. Therefore it will be possible that the mixed herbal medicine substitute for antibiotics after vaccination. Mortality was not different between treatment and control overall rearing period. Early laying period($19{\sim}41wk$), T-2 showed highest feed intake(107.1g) among treatments, later laying period($42{\sim}77wk$), T-1 showed highest feed intake(134.3g) and was not any different among each treatments.

Toxic Impact Analysis by Exposure Duration of Dog Studies for Pesticides using in Korea (국내 사용농약의 노출 기간이 개의 독성반응에 미치는 영향 분석)

  • Lee, Je Bong;Jeong, Mi-Hye;You, Are-Sun;Hong, Soonsung;Paik, Min-Kyoung;Oh, Jin-Ah;Park, Kyung Hun;Ihm, Yang Bin
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.350-358
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    • 2013
  • Both 13-week and 1-year studies in dog were required for pesticide registration in domestic pesticide control authority. It is raising issue up whether to request 1-year dog study of pesticides using non-food crop. So at this investigation, relevant toxicity test to establish acceptable daily intake (ADI), target organs, difference of no-observed adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) in 13-week and 1-year of 166 active ingredients are analyzed. The data were evaluated to determine if the 13-week dog study and the long term studies in two rodent species (mice and rats) without 1-year dog study were sufficient for the identification of NOAELs and lowest observed adverse effect levels (LOAELs) for the derivation of ADI. Toxicity end points and dose response data from 13 week and 1-year studies were compared. The analysis showed that 68 ADIs of the 166 pesticides were established from dog studies. Major target organs of dog studies were liver in 49 cases, body weight change in 21 cases, cholinesterase inhibition in 16 cases, and alteration in hematology in 14 cases. Similarity of target organ in 13-week and 1-year was 73%. 22 of 40 pesticides had similar critical effects regardless of duration and had NOAELs within a difference of 1.5-fold of each other. For the remaining 18 pesticides, 14 items had lower NOAELs in the 1-year study than 13-week study primarily due to dose selection and spacing. In only 10% of the cases were additional toxic effects identified in the 1-year study that were not observed in the 13-week study.

Changes in Isoflavone Contents during Maturation of Soybean Seed

  • Yi, Mi-Ae;Kwon, Tai-Wan;Kim, Jong-Sang
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.255-258
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    • 1997
  • Isoflavones are associated with prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis, and hypercholesterolemia. The isoflavone contents at different development stages of soybean were anayzed to examine the period of their formation and reaching maximum level. Soybean sedds have been collected from 13th to 21st week after sowing. Total daidzein and genistein contents increased from 115 and 37mg/kg at 13th week, to 795 and 699mg/kg at 21st week, respectively. Total glycitein content showed less remarkable change during seed development than other isoflavones. Thus mature soybean may have maximum preventive effect from chronic diseases since it contains the highest level of isoflavones.

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스포트라이트 - 2년만에 돌아왔다!! K-PRINT Week 2014

  • Im, Nam-Suk
    • 프린팅코리아
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    • v.13 no.8
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    • pp.60-77
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    • 2014
  • 변화하는 인쇄산업의 비전을 제시해 줄 국내 최대 인쇄인의 축제 K-PRINT Week가 오는 8월 27일(수)부터 30일(토)까지 'K-PRINT Week! 새로운 미래를 인쇄하다'라는 주제로 일산 킨텍스 제2전시장 7, 8홀에서 열린다. 대한인쇄문화협회와 한국이앤엑스가 공동으로 주최하고 문화체육관광부, 산업통상자원부, 코트라 대한인쇄정보산업협동조합연합회, 대한인쇄기술협회, 서울특별시인쇄정보산업협동조합, 대한인쇄연구소, 한국스크린인쇄공업협회, 한국디자인단체총연합회, 한국제책공업협동조합 등 관련기관과 단체가 후원하는 이번 전시회는 1만$6935m^2$ 규모로 개최된다.

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비즈니스 인사이드 - (주)에스앤아이시스템즈, K-PRINT WEEK 대박

  • 대한인쇄문화협회
    • 프린팅코리아
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    • v.13 no.10
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    • pp.82-83
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    • 2014
  • (주)에스앤아이시스템즈(대표 김병환, www.snisystems.co.kr)는 지난 8월 27일부터 4일간 고양시 킨텍스전시장에서 열린 2014 K-PRINT Week에 독일의 바시스프린트(basysPrint) 본사와 함께 '고객감동'을 테마로 새로운 UV CTcP 전자동 솔루션과 포장인쇄에 적합한 VLF 시리즈, 플렉소용 디지털 장비인 써모 플렉소(thermo Flex) 시리즈를 출시, 방문객의 높은 관심을 받았다.

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Effect of Long Day Period Before Short Day treatment on the Dry Matter Production and Flower Quality of Greenhouse-Grown Cut Chrysanthemum cv, Reagan Improved (단일처리전 장일처리 기간이 온실재배 스프레이 절화국의 건물생산과 절화품질에 미치는 영향)

  • 백철기;이정현;안규빈;한태호;정순주
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted under the condition of greenhouse to investigate the relationships between the period of long day (LD) treatment before short day treatment, the dry matter production and flower quality of cut chrysanthemum (Indicum group) cv. Reagan Improved at Wagenigen University in the Netherlands. Rooted cuttings of chrysanthemum (Indicum group) cv. Reagan Improved were transplanted on 6th, 13th, loth of September and all of them were treated with short-days (SD) on 21th September. The periods from planting until final harvest were 70, 77, 84 days after being planted for 1, 2, and 3 week-LD period, respectively. The time of flower initiation was similar in all treatments. The number of flowers per plant was greater in the plot of 3 week-LD period than that in the plot of 1 or 2 week-LD period. The fresh weight and dry weight of flowers also increased more in the plot of 3 week-LD period than that in the 1 week-LD period by 4g and 0.4g, respectively. The final dry matter production ($g{\cdot}m$^{-2}$ ) was greater in the treatment of 3 week-LD period than 1 or 2week-LD period. In this study, LD period before short day treatment did not affect the time of flower initiation and flower quality. As a result, 3 week-LD period before short day treatment was strongly recommanded for producing high quality cut flowers of greenhouse-grown chrysanthemum.

A comparison of sacroiliac joint subluxation before and after manipulation of patients with low back pain(by sacrum) (요통환자의 도수교정 전.후의 천장관절 변위 비교(천골 위주로))

  • Ma, Sang-Yeol
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 2006
  • This study was performed to assess the efficacy of manipulation for the sacroiliac joint subluxation patients. The subjects of this study ware 8 patients with sacroiliac joint subluxation who visited the out patient department of the physical therapy wooridul clinic, from January 1, 2005 through July 3, 2005. To find out the effect of manipulation, we sampled 8 patient treated with manipulation(Thompson technique), using by radiographic. All patients were treated 2days a week for 12 weeks. The results after 12 week treatment, compared with before treatment, were as follows : 1. The improved in sacrum lateral subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was very significant(p<.01) 2. The improved in sacrum rotation subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was significant(p<.05) 3. The improved in lumbo-sacral anger subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was very significant(p<.01).

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