• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.314-314
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• 2023

Extreme climate events can have a large impact on human life by hampering social, environmental, and economic development. Global circulation models (GCMs) are the widely used numerical models to understand the anticipated future climate change. However, different GCMs can project different future climates due to structural differences, varying initial boundary conditions and assumptions about the physical phenomena. The multi-model ensemble (MME) approach can improve the uncertainties associated with the different GCM outcomes. In this study, a comprehensive rating metric was used to select the best-performing GCMs out of 11 CMIP5 and 13 CMIP6 GCMs, according to their skills in terms of four temporal and five spatial performance indices, in replicating the 21 extreme climate indices during the baseline (1975-2017) in South Korea. The MME data were derived by averaging the simulations from all selected GCMs and three top-ranked GCMs. The random forest (RF) algorithm was also used to derive the MME data from the three top-ranked GCMs. The RF-derived MME data of the three top-ranked GCMs showed the highest performance in simulating the baseline extreme climate which was subsequently used to project the future extreme climate indices under both the representative concentration pathway (RCP) and the socioeconomic concentration pathway scenarios (SSP). The extreme cold and warming indices had declining and increasing trends, respectively, and most extreme precipitation indices had increasing trends over the period 2031-2100. Compared to all scenarios, RCP8.5 showed drastic changes in future extreme climate indices. The coasts in the east, south and west had stronger warming than the rest of the country, while mountain areas in the north experienced more extreme cold. While extreme cold climatology gradually declined from north to south, extreme warming climatology continuously grew from coastal to inland and northern mountainous regions. The results showed that the socially, environmentally and agriculturally important regions of South Korea were at increased risk of facing the detrimental impacts of extreme climatology.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.226-235
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• 2003

Purpose: This study is to analyze the research trends centering on the theses related to CAT released in nursing of Korea. Method: The researcher collected the academic degrees and theses published on the book of the academic society from 1980 to 2001, and examined 88 domestic dissertations on nursing science of the CAT. Result: 1) By department, the results were: the nursing thesis 88(43.3%), medical field 45(22.1%), psychology counseling education 28(14%). 2) In the type of the CAT in nursing, the results were: acupressure 28(31.5%), Dan-Jeon Breathing 14(15.7%), aroma therapy 5(5.6%) in order. 3) The number of theses increased every year after 1997. 4) As for the type of study design, the results were: the experimental research had the most(47), and the survey research(30). 5) As for the subject, the results were: patients with disease(44), healthy adults(29), literature(9) and medical staff were only 6 theses. 6) In the theme of the theses, the results were: the effect of therapy(76), the experience of therapy(26), adaptation of nursing of therapy(11) and literature review were 7. Conclusion: More research needs to be encouraged in the unsatisfactory fields. Researches should be conducted to extend into the practical fields as Korean nursing mediation, project for the establishment of health policies should be conducted.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.190-199
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• 1981

A survey of nutrition and incidence of parasites was conducted from January 23 to 31 and February 14 to 18, 1981, to determine the nutritional status of young children under the age of 6 years, in one of the rural family health project areas: Whaseoung-gun, Kyunggi-do, Korea. This study covered a total of 233 children. The results are summarised as follows: Approximately one-half of these families had an annual income between \1,000,000 and \2,500,000. Nearly 84% of the households were involved in farming. Energy intake of children met 70.6% of the requirement: carhohydrates provided 77%, protein provided 11%, and fat provided 12% of the total energy intake. Low intake of iron; calcium; and vitamins, excluding thiamin, was also found. Mean hemoglobin value was $10.6{\pm}1.0gm/100ml.;\;42%$ of subjects were categorized as low group, 22% were in the deficient group, and only 36% were at an acceptable level as indicated by O'Neal. Thus, 22% of the subjects were proven to be anemic by the hemoglobin criteria. Mean hematocrit value was $30.1{\pm}2.8%$, and 80 of 208 children, or 38.4% of subjects, were below 30% of the standard established by O'Neal. The positive prevalence of parasitic infection was 20% , significantly higher than that observed in the Yowido compound (5.5%) in 1980. Hematologic findings had no significant correlation to parasitic infection. The majority, 95.2% of the subjects, met or surpassed 90% of the KlST's standard of height:whtile 28. 6% of the subjects were below 90% of the KIST's standard of weight. The ratio of weight to height for boys 4 to 6 years old was 15.8 to 17.5, in contrast to 16.3 to 16.9 for boys of KHDI project areas, and also in contrast to 17.7 to 17.9 for boys of the same age group from the Yowido apartment compound in Seoul. According to the results of the assessments, the authors found a clear difference in growth values, hematologic findings and dietary patterns between rural areas and advantaged urban areas of Seoul. Our results suggest the need to develop the nutrition and parasite control training of village women for better nutritional care of their young children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.517-528
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• 2009

Korean Land Spatialization Program (KLSP) is a R&D program of the National GIS Project for developing ubiquitous GIS technologies under control of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. The first program from 2006 to 2012, initiated with $132 million of national fund and $42 million of private matching fund. Aiming 'Innovation of the GIS technology for the ubiquitous Korean land', KLSP consists of five core research projects and one research coordination project. The coordination project's purpose is to practically utilize and commercialize the results of core research projects. Korean Land Spatialization Group (KLSG) is planning a test-bed for testing, integrating, and exhibit- ing the KLSP's outcomes. Integrations of the outcomes are mandatory for the successful KLSG Test-Bed. The main objective of this paper is to introduce KLSP test-bed and three methodologies for integration of the outcomes in KLSP. As a plan of integrations, especially, this paper proposes SWE SOS (Sensor Observation Service) prototype to achieve interoperability of the geo-sensor networks.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2010

The National Bio Resource Project-Rat (NBRP-Rat) comprises the largest bank of laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) strains in the world. Its main focus is to develop infrastructure that will facilitate the systematic collection, preservation, and provision of rat strains. To breed effectively more than 180 rat strains in living stock, we establish the genetic control system in which a systematic set of genetic diagnoses and genetic monitoring are included. Genetic monitoring is performed by using 20 polymorphic markers. Monitoring is carried out when a living animal stock is re-established by using cryopreserved embryos or sperm or when a rat strain is first introduced to the NBRP-Rat by a depositor. Additional monitoring is then carried out on each strain every two years. Genetic diagnosis is performed largely by employing the Amp-FTA method. Protocols which detail how to perform a genetic diagnosis of 11 transgenes and 24 mutations have been made. Among the mutations, nine can be detected by simple gel electrophoresis of the PCR products, 11 by restriction enzyme treatment of the PCR products, and four by direct PCR product sequencing. Using this genetic control system, the NBRP-Rat can guarantee the genetic quality of its rat strains.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.4
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• pp.444-450
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• 2009

In this study, the physicochemical properties of the soils in the forest stands in the ecological restoration project in the Young-il Erosion Control District were investigated according to the type of plant growing therein. The soil texture was mostly sandy loam (SL), and the sand content was 59.7% on average while the average soil pH was 5.0, which was lower than the average pH of Korea's forest soil (5.5). Moreover, the average carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus ($P_2O_5$) contents were 1.6%, 0.11%, and 3.7 ppm respectively. The C/N ratio was 15.1, and the average cation exchange capacity (CEC) was 13.2 cmol/kg. The physicochemical properties of the soils in the different forest stands were compared. Among all the stands, the Larix leptolepis stand had the highest pH 6.3 and the most stable C/N ratio (11.7). The Alnus firma-Styrax stand had the lowest pH 4.6 while the Pinus rigida stand had the lowest total nitrogen content. The Alnus firma-Styrax stand had the highest CEC (17.4 cmol/kg). The results showed that the Young-il Erosion Control Districtwas devastated and deprived of soil nutrients over a long period. Therefore, sustainable forest management, suchas tending and regeneration, are recommended for the Young-il Erosion Control District.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2020

Purpose: This study sought to identify differences in hard and soft tissue chin profile changes in skeletal Class III patients after bimaxillary surgery, with or without advancement genioplasty. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted based on cephalometric analysis of skeletal and soft tissue variables. Lateral cephalograms taken at 3 different time points were utilized: pre-operation (T0), immediately post-operation (T1), and at least 6 months (11.0±2.6 months) post-operation (T2). The 2 groups were matched for sample size (n=20 each). Data were analyzed using independent t-tests with Bonferroni correction. Result: Group N (bimaxillary surgery alone) and Group G (bimaxillary surgery with an advancement genioplasty by horizontal sliding osteotomy) did not differ significantly in terms of demographic characteristics. The soft tissue chin thickness of Group G increased more after surgery, followed by a greater decrease during the postoperative period, and was eventually not significantly different from Group N at T2. On the other hand, the mentolabial sulcus depth of Group G (5.5±1.3 mm) was significantly greater than that of Group N (4.4±0.9 mm) (P=0.006) at T2. Conclusion: Although Group G showed a statistically significantly greater decrease in soft tissue chin thickness during the postoperative period, there were no significant intergroup differences in the chin profile for at least 6 months after the surgery, except for the mentolabial sulcus depth, which was greater in Group G than in Group N.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.80-88
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• 2010

Korean government has implemented various construction technology policies to attain competitiveness. However, there have not been interested in appropriate objectives and performance evaluation of the policy implementation. Previous evaluation included only inputs during implementation process not outputs or outcomes. Therefore, this paper performs performance evaluations on 3rd general plans for construction technology that had been implemented from 2003 to 2007 by government. This analyzes both quantitative and qualitative results. The results tell us that clear and appropriate objectives and evaluation methodology should be established for effective performance evaluation. This paper will provide the basis for establishing future construction policies or plans.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.179.1-179.1
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• 2010

This paper has represented about the wind power industry of the west-south seashore with leading industry development for Honam Economic Region. These projects have composed of wind power industry of the west-south seashore, offshore wind turbine(2MW, 3MW) and onshore wind turbine(3kW, 5kW, 10kW), 11 projects, during 3 years- with honam leading industry development for economic region. The contents of these project are 3 favorable products and 3 business support projects. The favorable products are the MW offshore wind system with Outer-rotor type PMSG, the 3MWoffshore wind system with adaptation type of west-south sea, the hybrid generator system with wind turbine technology basis.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.85-93
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• 1998

In the 2nd year study of a 5 year project to evaluate the soil quality and develop the best management practices for mountaineous soils, 11 runoff plots were treated and monitored with respect to physical property of the soil, runoff and sediment discharge, and the following results were obtained. 1. Bulk density and porosity did not show any siginificant difference between experimental treatments. 2. Runoff was basically dependent on the soil's physical property and tillage. Up-and-down plots showed the highest runoff while contour plots the lowest runoff. 3. Sediment yield in the mountaineous soils was directly related to tillage and residue cover. Residue covered plots showed the lowest sediment yield and up-and-down plots the highest sediment yield. And it is recommended that the best management practices using till_age and residue cover for the mountaineous soils must be developed to protect soil quality and maintain agricultural productivity.