• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2002

Korean cultivars of buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) was crossed with Canadian cultivars in order to improve seed yield as well as leaf production of buckwheat for using as food and medicine. The agronomic characteristics and rutin contents of F$_2$ hybrids are investigated for further selection of superior lines. Dry weight per plant was the highest in a line 1110(6.71g) and leaf weight per plant was the highest in a line 1110(1.91g). Hybrid seeds were 0.55 - 0.70cm long and 0.37 - 0.47cm wide on average. 100 seeds weight ranged from 2.57g to 3.58g. Line 1076 produced the longest seeds(0.70cm) and line 1186 was the longest in seed width. Line 1196 showed the highest 100 seeds weight(3.58g). The highest frequency of the LWR(length/width rate) was 0.66~0.70, indicating that seed shape of the hybrids was mostly oval. Line 1087 showed the highest contents of rutin(77.26ppm). Lines 1090 and 1181 contained respectively rutin of 54.76ppm and 54.35ppm in the seeds. From the yield and rutin point of view, the most superior lines was line 1087 among the lines used for this study.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2009

본 연구는 우리나라와 일본에서 재배 및 이용하고 있는 들깨, 차조기 그리고 이들 잡초형 69 계통들에 대하여 종자 특성 및 종자발아 변이에 대한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 재배형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.177 g에서부터 0.402 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 대부분의 계통들이 잘 부스러지는 부드러운 특성을 지니고 있었으나, 일부 계통들은 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 반면에 잡초형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.045 g에서부터 0.172 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 2. 재배형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.054 g에서부터 0.101 g까지의 범위였고, 잡초형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.059 g에서부터 0.135 g까지의 범위였으며, 그리고 이들의 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 3. 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건의 발아율 조사에서 수확 후 1개월째에서는 들깨의 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 대부분이 50% 이하의 낮은 발아율을 나타내었으나, 재배형 들깨의 일부 계통들이 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내었다. 그리고 2개월 및 3개월이 경과한 상태에서 들깨의 재배형 및 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내는 계통들이 많이 나타났다. 4. 들깨와 차조기 작물의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에서의 평균발아율 및 평균발아세는 수확 후 1개월째에서 가장 낮고 수확 후 3개월째에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건에서의 발아율과 발아세는 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건 보다는 실온조건에서 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.437-441
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• 1993

양질의 밥밑콩 품종 육성 및 유전자원으로의 활용가능성을 검토하고자 전국에서 수집한 검정콩 965계통을 대상으로 종실의 외형적 특성과 그 분포를 조사한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수집검정콩 계통의 100립중 전국평균은 28.1g이었으며 도별 변이를 보면 경기도와 경북 수집 계통이 무거웠으며 전북, 전남지역이 가볍게 나타났다. 2. 성숙군별 100립중의 차이는 중, 만숙군에서는 성숙군이 늦을수록 100립중이 무거웠다. 3. 수집검정콩 종실의 입형은 대체로 타원형이었으며 길이:폭:두께 비율의 평균은 1:0.77:0.77이었다. 4. 수집검정콩의 자엽색 분포에서는 72%가 황색자엽이었으며 27%가 녹색자엽이었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2008

본 실험은 표준화된 피복종자를 생산하기 위하여 피복통의 회전속도를 20, 30, 40, 45, 55, 60 rpm으로 하여 소형 피복통으로 레드클로버와 톨페스큐 종자를 피복하였다. 고형물질로는 vermiculite를 사용하였고 접착제는 polyvinyl alcohol을 사용하였다. 피복 후 통에서 회수된 단립 피복종자 무게, 서로 달라붙어 덩어리진 피복종자 무게, 피복되지 않고 회수된 미 피복물질 무게, 충격에 의한 피복층 탈락성 및 피복종자의 백립중 등을 조사하여 피복종자의 물리적 특성을 평가하였으며, 이 자료를 근거로 피복효과를 종합적으로 표현하는 피복지수를 산출하였다. 레드클로버 종자는 통의 회전속도 45 rpm에서 회수된 단립 종자 무게가 제일 높았으며(p<0.01), 덩어리진 종자 수가 적고 피복물질의 탈락율이 적었으며, 피복종자의 백립중도 가장 무거웠다. 톨페스큐 종자는 피복통 회전속도 40 rpm에서 회수된 단립 종자 무게가 제일 높았으며(p<0.01), 덩어리진 종자 수가 적고 피복물질의 탈락율이 적었으며, 피복종자의 백립중도 가장 무거웠다. 통의 회전속도별 피복지수는 레드클로버는 45 rpm에서(p<0.01), 톨페스큐는 40 rpm에서 제일 높았다(p<0.01). 피복통의 회전속도는 피복종자의 물리적 성질에 크게 영향을 미치기 때문에 종자피복 전에 종자나 피복제에 따른 피복통 회전속도의 표준화가 필수적이라 하겠다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.305-309
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• 2000

Ultra-drying [＜5.0% seed moisture content (SMC)] storage technique is a cost-effective storage method for oily seeds. To decide proper ultra-drying condition for soybean seeds, drying rate was compared three silica gel to seed ratios, two seed sizes with varietal difference, two kinds of container, and three seed amounts per container under :t 23$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$. When the relative humidity (RH) was reduced at the rate of less than 0.1 % a day, silica gel was replaced with dry one by 47 days. Higher silica gel to seed ratios (3:1 and 2:1) dried faster than lower ratio (1:1) until 28 days, but not after 43 days of drying. Also, large seeded variety was dried faster than small seeded variety. Kinds of container and seed amounts per container didn't show differences in drying of soybean seeds. After completion of ultra-drying, percentage germination by standard germination test (SGT) was not different among silica gel to seed ratios, kinds of container, and seed amounts per container, except among seed sizes (varieties). Before SGT, soybean seeds were premoistened using saturated ${CaCl}_2$ for 48 hours and ${NH}_4$Cl for 24 hours in desiccators. To compare germinability between ordinary-dried seeds and ultra-dried seeds, the seeds of seven soybean varieties, which were varying in size from 8.1 to 34.9 g per 100 seeds, were dried using same amount of silica gel under 23$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$. After completion of 76 days of drying, SMCs were reduced to 3.13-3.45% from 7.86-8.82%. SMC after completion of drying was not correlated with 100-seed weight (r=0.556). Before germination tests, soybean seeds were premoistened using saturated salt solutions. Percentage germination was higher with ultra-dried seeds than ordinary-dried seeds in SGT and higher with ordinary-dried seeds than ultra-dried seeds in AAT at the beginning of storage and after 6 months storage, but general trend of percentage germination was not observed among varieties classified by 100-seed weight. From these results, we concluded that further studies are needed to improve ultra-drying storage method for soybean seeds.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2010

The use of local seed provenance is often recommended in forest restoration. Early vigor is a combination of the performance of seed germination and emergence after planting. The ability of young Brant's oak plants to grow and develop after emergence and its dependence on local habitat conditions was investigated in this study. The effects of seed source and shade on early growing seedlings of Brant's oak (Quercus brantii L.) were determined in field measurements. Seeds of Quercus brantii L. were collected from 4 forest areas (seed sources) in southern Zagros (Provinces of Kohkilouyeh-Bouyer Ahmad and Fars) at altitudes of 850, 1,100, 1,500, 2,100 m a.s.l., and planted in a nursery constructed in southwestern Iran. According to a split-plot design consisting of four blocks, each containing two main treatment plots (no shading, partial shading), each main plot was sub-divided into four sub-plots (for elevations of 850, 1,100, 1,500 and 2,100 m). Results showed that shade treatments had significant effects on emergence percentage and rate, shoot length, shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), leaf area (LA), and chlorophyll content. Ecological factors also had an effect on seed performance. Altitude of seed source had a very significant effect on root length, LA, SDW, and RDW. The seeds collected from 850 m a.s.l. elevation showed the highest performance, especially in leaf area, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. Our results showed that the altitude of 850 m a.s.l. was the best for collecting Brant's oak seeds.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

Genetic improvement of the cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] may be possible through hybridization with its wild progenitor, G. soja Sieb. & Zucc. Interspecific cross between G. max (Hwangkeumkong) and G. soja (IT.182932) was made in the summer of 1997. In F$_2$ the percentage of plant height, nodes per plant, and pods per plant were high but gradually reduced from F$_2$ to F$_4$. In contrast pod length, seeds per pod, and 100-seeds weight were increased gradually through generations advanced. Wild variation as evident in F$_2$ in plant height, number of branches, pods per plant, and 100-seeds weight. Twenty six percent of the F$_2$, 44 % of the F$_3$ and 60% of the F$_4$ segregants showed more G. max traits. The combination of useful traits from both species is possible through interspecific hybridization. The characters that could be transferred from wild species to cultivated species are more pod number, better capacity, and resistance to disease and insects. The interspecific derivatives offer scope for selection for high grain yield. Therefore, introducing genes from G. soja to G. max could be contribute to greater genetic diversity of future cultivars. And semicultivated soybean had some desired characteristics including tolerance to adverse environments and multi-seed characters. It means the infusing of semicultivated germplasm to the cultivated soybean could increase number of seeds and pods per plant significantly, and consequently could enhance selecting potential on yield.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1989

Tes ratablish a liawn Zoysia' Japonica Steud. with seeds. a experiment was conducted for the invrati ignt ic in oil seed's physic sit ogical maturity. The rt.sultt an' Summarized as follows: 1. The point of maximum weight off 1000 seeds and 100 seedling, germination speed and germination percentage were reached at 30 day. after anthesis. it would be considered as physiological maturity of Zoysia japonica seed. 2. The seeds moistures contents at physiological maturity was decreased in 18%. 3. Germination vigor deteriorated prior to viability. 4. The seeds were capable of germination in 3:4% at 10 days after anthesis. 5. Field deterioration of seeds occurer from 40 (lays after anthesis to 60 days and sprouted seedilng vigor was very poor.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2017

The main objective of this study was to increase the germination percentage of kenaf seeds with less number of times under non-saline and saline conditions. Therefore, the first goal was to assess the response of kenaf seeds to NaCl. The second goal was to evaluate the effects of $KNO_3$ on kenaf seed germination. The germination percentage exhibited a decreasing tendency in germination rate. Plant dry weight was approximately 0.2 g in all treatments at 5 days after germination. As time passed, the electrical conductivity (EC) value of hydro-priming (HP) consistently increased by 8.7 mS/cm at 24 hours of immersion. However, seeds primed with $KNO_3$ showed no difference in EC values even as times passed. Regarding the priming effect, priming in 100 mM $KNO_3$ concentration for 12 hours increased germination up to 85% in $H_20$ solution and in 0 mM $KNO_3$ concentration upto 73.8% under 0.3% NaCl solution, compared to that of Control. Germination synchronization, shoot length, and leaf unfolding of primed seeds were greater than those of the Control. In addition, main root and hair roots appeared more rapidly in the treated seeds and were more abundant compared to that of the Control. The T50 (times to reach 50% of the final germination percentage) of the Control in both $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solutions was 18 and 22 hours, respectively. However, when treated $KNO_3$ priming (0 to 100 mM) in $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solution, 9 hours was sufficient to reach T50. Primed (hydro-priming and $KNO_3$) seeds had a lower MDG (mean days untill germination; 0.6-0.62) compared to that of the Control (1.13-1.31) in $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solutions. Regarding dry weight of plants after priming, an increasing tendency after the priming treatment in the H20 solution was observed. Furthermore, no significant difference in plant dry weight under 0.3% NaCl stress was observed between the Control and primed seeds. Taken together, the results suggest that 50-100 mM $KNO_3$ priming for 24 hours optimize seed germination rate in less number of times of exposure with great vigor. Therefore, it is recommended for kenaf seed invigoration before planting.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

This study was carried out to establish optimal conditions for breaking dormancy of Agastache rugosa O. Kuntze seeds. A series of experiments according to seed maturity and treatment with plant growth regulators were performed to improve germination percentage and synchronize germination of the seeds. In addition, it was conducted to test whether the useful effect of seed treatment before sowing leads to healthy seedling and early vigorous growth. The average seed size was 1.85 mm (length) × 0.82 mm(width). The seed size was much smaller than other vegetable seeds. Seeds colorappeared dark brown, the shape of the seeds was oval and the weight of 1,000seeds was 352.8 mg. The optimum germination temperature was 22℃. Light exposure during germination did not affect germination promotion, suggesting that A. rugosa seeds are a kind of dark germinating seeds. Seed dormancy lasted for 40 days after harvesting, and GA3 treatment of dormant seeds could break dormancy. There were significant differences in germination percentage and rate according to the maturity of seeds. The germination percentage of mature seeds was 10 - 18% higher than that of immature seeds, and germination rate was 2 days faster. GA3 treatment during growth regulator treatment improved germinability, but BAP or ethephone treatment did not. The optimal growth regulator concentration of for germination was the combination treatment of 100 mM GA3 ＋ 100 mM BAP.