• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

This study was conducted to develop a technique for the stable production of Italian ryegrass(IRG) seeds in reclamation sites. Harvesting 35 days after heading in Autumn resulted in the highest production, an average of 2,232kg/ha. The production yield decreased due to seed loss as harvesting was delayed to 45 and 55 days post-heading. For the harvested 35 days post-heading, under growing rice sowing resulted in 80% seed yield of after rice sowing's; spring sowing resulted in 40%. After rice sowing using the domestic IRG seeds of 30kg/ha produced the highest seed yield of 2,507kg/ha. The highest straw yield has resulted when using the imported IRG seeds of 20kg/ha for after rice sowing 35 days post-heading fresh weight 36,667kg/ha, dry weight 14,500kg/ha, and TDN weight 7,895kg/ha.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.309-315
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• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the seed quality of soybeans produced from upland and drained-paddy fields. Soybeans from drained-paddy field showed significantly higher in the 100 seeds weight and greater in the size of seed length than those from upland fields. However, there are no significant differences in seed width and thickness between upland and paddy fields. In case of Hunter's color value, the lightness (L) was significantly higher in the upland soybeans, but the a (redness) and b (yellowness) values were higher in the drained-paddy field soybeans. Seed appearance of drained-paddy field was poor than that of upland field. Soybeans produced from the drained-paddy field showed higher protein content, whereas, lipid and ash contents were higher in the upland field. Soybeans from upland field had lower contents of total amino acids compared to drained-paddy fields. No statistical differences were found in palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic, but stearic, oleic, saturated fatty acids (SFA), and unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) showed significant differences between soybean seeds from upland and drained-paddy fields. Genistein content was higher in the drained-paddy fields, while daidzein and glycitein contents were higher in the upland fields. This result suggested that the soil condition of drained-paddy field is more favorable to synthesis genistein than daidzein and glycitein.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2022

Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata L.) as a source of non-edible oil, is potential tree species for biodiesel production. For several reasons, both technical and economical, the potential of P. pinnata is far from being realized. The exploitation of genetic diversity for crop improvement has been the major driving force for the exploration and ex situ/in situ conservation of plant genetic resources. However, P. pinnata improvement for high oil and seed production is not achieved because of unsystematic way of tree improvement. Performance of P. pinnata planted by Karnataka Forest Department was assessed based on yield potential by collecting 157 clones out of 264 clones established by Karnataka Forest Department research wing under different research circles/ranges. It was evident that the all the seed and pod traits were significantly different. Further, selection of superior germplasm based on oil and pod/seed parameters was achieved by application of Mahalanobis statistics and Tocher's technique. On the basis of D² values for all possible 253 pairs of populations the 157 genotypes were grouped into 28 clusters. The clustering pattern showed that geographical diversity is not necessarily related to genetic diversity. Cluster means indicated a wide range of variation for all the pod and seed traits. The best cluster having total oil content of more than 34.9% with 100 seed weight of above 125 g viz. Cluster I, II, III, IX, XV, XIX, XXI, XXIII, XXVI and XXVII were selected for clonal propagation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.326-326
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• 2022

Natto is a soybean fermented food from Japan, which is made from steamed soybean, Bacillus natto and water. Demand of Natto has increased recently because it does not have smell compared to Cheonggukfang, which is Korean traditional fermented food. Currently, Pungsannamulkong is the most commonly used in Korea for Natto. Four candidate varieties of soybeans were investigated and compared in terms of Agronomic Traits, quality characteristics, hard seed rate, and water absorption rate in order to determine more suitable Korean soybean variety than pungsannamulkong. 'Haewon' had higher yield than other three varieties in Goesan-gun and Jinan-gun. The infected seed rate which affects soybean processing is higher in pungsannamulkong. 'Haewon' showed low 100 seed weight with 8.6 g in Goesan-gun and 9.5 g in Jinan-gun, which was the smallest of four soybean varieties. The water absorption rate was higher in 'Haewon' than in pungsannamulkong which is desirable characteristics for Natto process. The hard seed rate of pungsannamulkong was 6~7%, which is considered to be unsuitable to Natto process. The yield of Natto was significantly different for each variety. 'Haewon' showed the highest amino nitrogen content with 575.0 mg%. These results suggested that 'Haewon' can be considered as suitable candidates for yield and quality of Natto compared to pungsannamulkong.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.584-592
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sowing date on yield component and yield in sprout-soybean. Six sprout-soybean cultivars were planted on three sowing dates in 2000 and 2001. 100-seed weight, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds, number of pods per plant, and ratio of empty pods distinct differences between sowing dates and cultivars. All yield components except the 100-seed weight and number of seeds per pod diminished recording where the sowing day will be late. The ratio of pods with two or three seeds was 77.5 from 80.9 percents. The ratio of two-seed pods were affected by sowing date. The yield of soybean of May 25 sowing was 290 kg/10a followed by June 15 and July 5 sowing with 269 kg/10a and 221 kg/10a, respectively Late sowing greatly decreased the yield of Doremikong, while yields of Tawonkong were more a less stable. In 2000, yield showed positive correlation with number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, dry weight, leaf area, and oil content. While yield of 2001 showed positive correlation with number of nodes on main stem, stem thickness, number of pods per plant, dry weight, and leaf area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 1994

The experiment was conducted to determine if seed size and seed coat color of soybean might be effective in water uptake and cotyledon damage after imbibition, and hypocotyl elongation. Eight soybean cultivars were separated into two classes of large and small seed based on seed weight, and each class included two cultivars with yellow and black seed color, respectively. Small seed size group was superior in water uptake by seed for 24 hour in imbibition at $25^{\circ}C$ , but its differences decreased as soaking time increased. Small seed cultivars germinated faster and had better germination rate than large ones. However, cultivars with black seed coat showed more slow water uptake at initial time and faster germination than yellow seed, but in 24 hour after imbibition, cultivars with black seed coat had higher water uptake rate than yellow seeds. Small seed cultivar group showed no cotyledon damage in imbibition for 24 hour while large seed cultivars were damaged 78% of cotyledon, and black seed showed low cotyledon damage compared to yellow seed. Hypocotyl length was shorter in large seed rather than in small seed, but hypocotyl thickness in large seed was more thick than in small seed. In correlation coefficients, seed coat rate, embryo rate exhibited significantly negative association with seed weight, and the correlation of seed weight with water uptake in 3 hour after soaking was significantly negative, but in 24 hour showed positive correlation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.232-236
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• 2006

This study was carried out to establish of hydroponic culture system for year-round mass production of yam and for supply of disease-free seed tubers from the superior yam species. There were not difference in tuber weight between 9 hrs photoperiod(640mg) and natural photoperiod(600mg). However, longer photoperiod than 9 hrs such as 12 hrs and 15 hrs decreased tuber weight to 490 and 500g, respectively, which sugested that long photoperiod showed adverse effect for tuber enlargement. Tuber enlargement of Dioscorea opposite according to ionic strength was higher at 50% nutrient of Sanyak's standard solution. The optimal concentration of NAA for the best tuber growth showed at 100mg/L as a 560mg while control showed a relatively lower tuber growth(350mg).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2017

This experiment was performed to analyze variation of growth traits of soybean to determine the information of less sensitive traits under different environmental conditions. Sowing was carried out on June 2 each year and the experimental plot was laid out in three replicates by randomized complete block design with thirty soybean varieties which consisted of 19 cultivars for beancurd and soypaste, 8 cultivars for soy-sprout including 1 landrace, and 3 cultivars for cooking with rice including 1 landrace during the period 2014-2015. The weather conditions during the experimental period were quite different with extremely low precipitation and longer sunshine duration in 2015 than 2014. The variation of characteristics related to growth period such as days of growth, days of maturity, days of flowering and the 100-seed weight was less in spite of different environmental conditions. While the variation of the number of pods per plant was high. Considering growth and seed characteristics like the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight which are linked directly to the yield, cultivars such as Shingi, Daewonkong, Danbaegkong, and Daepung for beancurd and soypaste, Pungwon, Haepum and Shingang for soy-sprout and Seoritae for cooking with rice were more stable and could be expected to have high yield in Suwon, the south-central part of South Korea. These results could be useful for the selection of breeding resources to develop cultivars with high stability under changeable weather condition.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2021

Saengcheonggukjang, known as Natto in Japan, is a soybean fermented food which is made from steamed soybean, Bacillus and water. Demand of Saengcheonggukjang has increased because it does not have much smell compared to Cheonggukjang. Seven varieties of Saengcheonggukjang were investigated and compared in terms of 100 seed weight, quality characteristics, hard seed rate, and water absorption rate in order to determine the suitability of Korean soybeans. In addition, each characteristic of Saengcheonggukjang was compared. 'Hoseo' and 'Haewon' showed low 100 seed weight with 8.41 g and 8.11 g, respectively. The water absorption rate was higher in 'Hoseo' and 'Pungwon' than in Japan varieties. The yield of Saengcheonggukjang was significantly different for each variety. No differences were observed in yield and hardness of Saengcheonggukjang with respect to the varieties and sowing date. 'Haewon' showed the highest amino nitrogen content with 575.0 mg%. Viscous material content did not appear to differ between varieties. These results suggested that 'Hoseo' and 'Haewon' can be considered as suitable candidates for yield and quality of Saengcheonggukjang compared to Japan varieties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.440-446
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• 1986

The physiological reaction of two soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars tolerant and susceptible to rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd.) was studied at the AVRDC in Taiwan, ROC. The rust epidemic on the susceptible cultivar began earlier and progressed more rapidly than on the tolerant cultivar. The defoliation by rust infection increased rapidly after the latter half of pod filling. The reduction of LA! by rust in the susceptible cultivar occurred earlier than in the tolerant cultivar. The differences in the chlorophyll content between the rust-free and rust-infected plants was 2.04% in the tolerant, and 16.43% in the susceptible cultivar. The shoot dry weight increased at each growth stage in the fungicide protected plots, but decreased in the non-fungicide protected plots after the R6 growth stage onward and the tendency to decrease was more severe in the susceptible than in the tolerant cultivar. The pod and seed dry weight of the suscep-tible cultivar in the fungicide-protected plot increased dramatically from the R6 growth stage, but in the non-fungicide plot, there was almost no increase in pod and seed dry weight from R6 growth stage, due to rust. The number of empty pods and imperfect grains were increased by rust infection, but the protein content was not afftected. There were reductions of oil content, seed length, seed width, seed thickness, pod thickness, number of pods and seeds, 100 seed weight, and yield due to rust infection. The yield losses by rust infection were 22.3%in the tolerant and 68.7% in the susceptible cultivar.