• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.393-401
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• 2016

Anaerobic digestion is a collection of naturally occurring processes that convert organic matter and liquid residue, so-called digestate. The use of digestate biofertilizers is one of the important components of integrated nutrient management, as they are renewable sources of plant nutrients for sustainable agriculture. Seeds of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) were germinated in different concentration of Chlorella in order to investigate it's the effect of Chlorella on growth parameters, seed germination and early growth. The experiment using plug tray was conducted at the green house placed in the Sangji University. The experiment consisted of nine treatments including different concentrations of Chlorella sp. culture solution and non-treated control. The germination percentage at the treatment with 25% Chlorella sp. culture solution was greater than that of control. The 50% concentration of Chlorella sp. culture solution was found to promote a better seedling growth in terms of shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight compared to the anaerobic digestate. Results showed that the best concentration of Chlorella culture solution was achieved by the 50% concentration of Chlorella culture solution treatment. As a conclusion, the application of Chlorella culture solution was found to be able to promote the germination and shoots growth of Italian ryegrass.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.303-309
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• 1989

Present study was conducted to reveal the effects of the herbicides, Lasso and Devrinol, on the soybean growth and the nodulation in field condition. Emergence rate was reduced positively in proportion to increase in the concentration of herbicides regardless of the herbicidal difference and it was significantly reduced even in the recommended concentration as compared to untreated plot, showing marked abnormal symptom on seedlings. Plant height, fresh weight of the plant, number of internodes, branches, pods, seeds per plant and 100-seed weight were reduced with increase in the concentration of herbicides and were highly significant in difference between the untreated plot and double concentration plot, eventhough most were nonsignificant in difference from the recommended concentration. Nodulation was significantly decreased with increase in the concentration of herbicides. The reduction was remarkably different with soybean varieties and consistently appeared from three weeks to six weeks after sawing. Significant correlation was realized between the reduction of nodulation and the agronomic characters of soybean and it was considered that the reduction of nodulation by misapplication of the herbicides might be a causal factor for decrease in soybean yield.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.409-416
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• 1987

The object of this study was to investigate the differences in dry matter production, physiological characteristic and grain yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) as affected by planting dates in southern region of Korea. This experiment was conducted using four planting dates and four varieties over 3 years (1982-1984). The different responses of soybean varieties to different temperature and daylength, days from planting to flowering were ranged from 43 to 55 days when planted on May 10 long daylength and low temperature condition. Flowering duration was ranged from 12 to 27 days and 9 to 13 days for the plantings made on May 10 and July 9, respectively. Therefore, it was the shortest under the short daylength and high tempera-ture condition. It also appeared that the later planting caused the lower dry matter weight and leaf area index which resulted in lower grain yield. But grain yield was not directly correlated with the unbalance of Xink/Source Ratio and the lodging from excessive vegatative growth. The grain yield was the highest in May 30 and the lowest in July 9 planting: it was ranged from 2.26 to 2.55 t/ha in the former and 0.85 to 1.20 t/ha in the latter, respectively. The increase in yield was depended on the increase in the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and the seed weight. The distribution ratio of dry matter to leaves was the hightest at the sixth trifoliolate leaf stage and gradually declined thereafter in all planting dates, and it also appeared that the later planting, the lower the ratio of dry matter to leaves.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2003

This study was conducted to determine the germination characteristics, oil contents and fatty acid compositions of the different safflower accessions. The safflower accessions had nearly the same germination period of about 12-13 days and the germination rate was more than 87.5%. Plant height grew until 84 days after seeding. The number of leaves did not increase after 70 days from seeding. The accessions had a difference of six loaves from 17 to 23 loaves. Flowering time had a difference of 11 days from 79 days after planting to 90 days after planting. The Jangsung accession had the shortest flowering time of 79 days after planting. In the characteristics of bearing fruit, the number of branches including main stem are from 4.7 to 8.8. The number of head flowers had nearly the same number of branches which were 4.8-8.9, numbers of seed per head flower were 29.3-49.1 and the weight of 100 seeds were 2.9-3.9 g. The crude fat content was 21.8-33.9％ and fatty acid content was 66.6-77.6% containing mostly linolenic acid. Oeic acid content was 9.2-16.5% and it contained palmitic acid, stearic acid, venin acid, arachidonic acid etc. Results of this study, the accession Jangsung, which had the shortest flowering time and had the most crude fat content, was observed to be the best accession for the breeding of safflower.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.318-318
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find optimum mixed sowing ratio of green manure crops to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer as well as to increase the crop yield potential which will foster the utilization of green manure crops in the upland field in view of environment friendly agriculture. According to the study, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley showed highest nitrogen production yield in the soil due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the 50:50 mixed ratio of hairy vetch and green barely total nitrogen amount in the soil showed 17.2kg per 10a, but in the other treatment ratio such as 75:25, 25:75. total nitrogen fixation amount were 16.7, 16.9 respectively. We also conducted the experiment to compare the effect of the mixed sowing treatment of green manure crops on the production of corn cultivated as a succeeding plant of hairy vetch. According to the result, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley treatment showed highest yield potential of corn as 153kg per 10a in seed weight which is due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the mixed sowing treatment of hairy vetch 100 and barley 0 ratio, the corn production showed 148kg per 10a which is 5kg lower than that of hairy vetch 50 and barley 50 ratio, but showed statistically no difference between those two treatment. Otherwise, different treatments, such as hairy vetch 75 and barley 25, 25 and 75, 0 and 100 showed statistically different each other. Therefore, it was concluded that green manure crops, such as hairy vetch, green barley and rye were very effective crops to increase the soil fertility and gave the positive effect to the crops to give vegetative and propagative growth condition and, in turn, increased the yield potential. We have to make policy to enhance the utility of green manure crops in the upland crops as well as faddy field for the soil fertility and crop yield production which will guarantee prominent quality of environment friendly agriculture products.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the differences in germination and growth of Quamoclit coccinea Moench under various temperatures, seeding depths, and levels of shading and soil moisture for effective weed management. Seed dormancy of Q. coccinea Moench was over 1 year; best results were obtained when seeds were soaked in sulfuric acid for 15 minutes in order to break the dormancy. Germination rates of Q. coccinea Moench ranged from 69 to 73% at $25-35^{\circ}C$ and 26% at $15^{\circ}C$. The germination rates ranged from 70-84% at 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 cm of seeding depths. In addition, the germination rates were 7% and 13% at 12 cm and 15 cm of seeding depths, respectively, and showed normal growth at the both seeding depths. Q. coccinea Moench showed a high germination rate regardless of shading levels, but shoot fresh weight varied depending on the level of shading as follows: 20%>no shading=shading 35%>shading 50%>shading 75%=shading 90%. Q. coccinea Moench did not germinate when soil had a saturation rate of either 30% or 100%. However, 60-83% of seeds germinated with optimal growth when soil had saturation rates of 60% and 80%.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2013

We investigated characteristics and self-incompatibility genotypes of 11 crabapple cultivars to introduce a new pollinizer of 'Fuji' apple tree in Korea. Flowering dates of eleven crabapples were two to seven days earlier than that of 'Fuji'. The rate of pollen germination in vitro was ranged from 85.6% to 98.0% except 'Virginia'. Controlled pollination treatment with each crabapples to 'Fuji' increased fruit set rate about 20.4% to 34.4%, the number of seed per fruit about 13.8% to 42.3% and fruit weight about 7.4% to 16.7% compared to open pollination. Tested crabapples were resistant to peach fruit moth, brown leaf spot and sooty blotch in general. A PCR amplification method using S-RNase primers was carry out in eleven crabapples. S-alleles, $S_3$, $S_5$, $S_9$, $S_{10}$, $S_{20}$, $S_{26} from six crabapples were determinated. Through sequencing analysis, $S_5$ ('Manchurian', 'Virginia') and $S_9$ ('Yantaishagou') showed 100% homologous to previous result. Based on our results, it was recommended that 'Manchurian', 'Hopa A', 'Hanyaehanakaidou', 'Spectabilis' could be promising pollinzers for 'Fuji' apple cultivar.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

This study was done to obtain their morphological traits to analyse genetic diversity and intraspecific relationship of 47 Polygonatum species collected from Gyeongnam province. Plant height was the highest in P. thunbergii but the shortest in P. involucratum. Growth habit and its colors were classified to 3 groups, respectively. Leaf shapes were sorted to 5 groups including lanceolate with petiole or none, petiole colors were done to 3 groups including a species having dark green leaves of purple colored margin. Flower shapes were divided as 3 groups of urceolate, tubular and gourd shapes, and its colors were white, greenish white and light green, especially light green in a species with gourd shape. Filament shapes were two types of flatness and cylinder. Peduncle color and bract attached below it showed 4 types, respectively. Fruit shapes were sorted to 3 groups. In 100-fruit weights P. ordoratum var. pluriflorum showed the greatest but P. involucratum did the least. Two species were completely resistant to leaf brightness although 7 species showed less than 7 % infection rates. Rhizome yields ranged from 4.4 g to 94.8 g per plant, showing their significant variation. In correlation analysis between 9 major characters, rhizome yield per plant was positively correlated with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number, leaf length and width, and rhizome diameter but leaf brightness was negatively done with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number and length, 100-seed weight, rhizome yield per plan and rhizome diameter.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2009

Jayoung was bred within the potato breeding program of Highland Agriculture Research Center (HARC), National Institute of Crop Science. It was originated from a cross made between Atlantic as a female and AG34314 as a male parent in 2003. Jayoung was evaluated as a clone number Daegwan 1-104 for the growth and tuber characteristics, yielding ability, and resistance to major potato diseases in the regional yield trials from 2006 to 2007. Finally, this clone was renamed as Jayoung and was presented to Korean Seed & Variety Service in 2007 for registration as a new potato cultivar. Jayoung has a oval shape, shallow eye depth, dark purple skinned and fleshed tuber characteristics. Its mean tuber yields from the regional yield trials was 37.3 MT/ha, and it showed the highest yield in spring cropping. Jayoung showed high resistance to both common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), however it was susceptible to late blight (Phytophthora infestans). The dry matter content of Jayoung was fairy high 20.3%, therefore it is suitable for both chip processing and table usage. Its anthocyanin content was the highest in autumn cropping as 43.7 mg/100 g fresh weight and its mean anthocyanin content was 4.7 times higher than that of Jasim.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2008

A new peanut cultivar "Jopyeong" (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, in Milyang in 2006. It was developed from the cross between the very short stem cultivar "CUP brittle" and the high-yielding cultivar "Daekwang". "Jopyeong" which is Virginia plant type has 23 branch number per plant with early maturing and ellipse-shaped large kernel. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and 100 seed weight was 87g in the regional yield trials (RYT). This variety also showed more resistant to late leaf spots compared with check one. Especially it has resistance to lodging owing to short stem and erect plant type. In the regional yield trials "Jopyeong" was out-yielded than check variety by 11% with 8.37 ton/ha for fresh pod and by 4% with 3.95 ton/ha for grain.