• 공업화학
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.749-754
• /
• 2005

이성분 methanol/3-methyl-1-butanol계에 대하여 정온하 즉 50, 55 60, 65 및 $70^{\circ}C$에서의 기-액평형치를 측정하고, 그 측정치를 이용하여 기-액평형치를 추산하는 추산식을 이끌어 내었다. 측정치와 추산치를 비교 검토한 결과 기상조성의 몰분율은 ${\pm}0.0007$의 오차범위 내에서 잘 일치하고, methanol/3-methyl-1-butanol계에 대한 과잉 몰부피를 측정한 결과 전체 조성범위에서 양의 편차를 나타내며 최대치는 x= 0.683에서 $0.096cm^3/mol$로 나타났다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.529-536
• /
• 2000

Results from experiments and mathematical modeling were compared for pervaporative butanol fermentation. The developed model includes expressions to predict characteristics of butanol fermentation, such as, microbial growth, solvent (butanol, acetone, and ethanol) formation and organic acid (acetate and butyrate) production. Butanol diffusivity was 1.15${\times}$10(sup)-7 ㎡/hr at 1.5 L/min-tubing of air flow rate using a pervaporative module. The model correlated well with experimental results (cell growth, glucose consumption and concentrations of solvents and organic acids) for batch fermentation with and without pervaporation. Larger surface area and thinner module tubing resulted in an increased glucose consumption and a decreased residual butanol concentration. Optimum membrane area and thickness were 0.34 ㎡ and 120 $\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2015

인화점은 화재 및 액체의 폭발 위험의 가능성을 결정하는 데 사용되는 가장 중요한 물리적 특성이고, 산업공정에서 안정성 평가시 중요한 연소특성 가운데 하나이다. 따라서 본 연구는 4류 위험물 중 알코올계 혼합물인 {methanol + 1-butanol}, {ethanol + 1-butanol} 그리고 {2-propanol + 1-butanol} 이성분계 101.3 kPa에서 최소인화점을 SETA closed cup flash point tester를 이용하여 측정하였다. 각 이성분계에 대하여 Wilson, NRTL 및 UNIQUAC 파라미터를 이용하여 혼합물에 대한 인화점 예측하고 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 비교결과 모든 예측값과 실험값은 유사한 값을 보였고 편차가 1.14 K 이내의 결과를 보였다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 1997

This study was carried out to develop antitumor effect of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens on (KB cells) human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. The cytotoxictty of methanollc extract of Perilla frutescens on KB cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay. The antitumor activity of various fractions obtained from n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens was evaluated in human oral epithelold carcinoma cells. The antitumor acavity of the n-butanol soluble fraction on human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells was evaluated by MTT assay of colorimetric method. The light microscopic study was carried out to observe morphological changes of cultured human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. These results were obtained as follows; 1. The fractions 1,2 and 3 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens were shown significant antitumor activities. 2. The number of human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells were decreased and tend to form cell cluster by treatment with fractions 1,2,3 and 4 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens. 3. The fraction 1 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perllla frutescens showed the highest antitumor activity on Perilla frutescens. It has been selected as a lead fraction for further examinations.

• 대한약리학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 1975

In Chinese medicine, it is said that Aconiti tuber has cardiotonic, diuretic and analgesic effects. Kim et al reported that alkaloid free part of Aconiti tuber, $CHCI_3$ insoluble fraction, showed inotropic effect on isolated frog heart and inotropic effect is potenciated by n-butanol fractionation. To investigate the effect of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction on the mechanical and electrical properties of heart, change of active tension, excitability and refractory period of isolated rabbit atrium in the presence of butanol fraction were measured and the comparison with that of ouabain and quinidine was done. The observed results are as follows. 1. $5{\times}10^{-4}g/ml$ concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction showed approximately same effect with therapeutic concentration of ouabain on the increment of contractile force, and the effect of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$ was greater than that of $1{\times}10^{-5}g/ml$ of ouabain. 2. Acceleration of rate of contractile force increment in the presence of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction was greater than in ouabain, and the time to maximum tension was shorter in Aconiti tuber butanol fraction than in ouabain. 3. The excitability of isolated atrium was slightly increased at low concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction, while decreased at higher concentration. 4. Aconiti tuber butanol fraction slightly prolonged refractory period of isolated right atrium at the concentration of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.745-751
• /
• 1997

찹쌀로 담금한 재래식 고추장의 발효과정 중 휘발성 향기성분을 purge and trap 장치로 포집하여 GC-MSD로 분석, 동정하였다. 재래식 고추장에서 alcohol류 19종, ester류 13종, acid류 7종, aldehyde류 3종, alkane류 1종, ketone류 2종, amine 2종, benzene류 1종, alkene 1종, phenol류 1종, 기타 1종 등 51종의 향기성분이 동정되었고 동정된 향기성분은 담금 직후에 22종이었으나 30일에 41종으로 증가되었고 120일에는 51종으로 향기성분수가 가장 많았다. 이들 성분 중 숙성 전과정을 통하여 공통으로 검출된 성분은 acetic acid-ethyl ester, ethanol, butanoic acid-ethyl ester, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, butanoic acid, ethenone등 22종이었다. 휘발성 향기성분의 면적비율은 담금 직후에 1-butanol이 30일 이후는 ethanol이 가장 높았다. 고추장 향기성분의 면적비율(peak area%)은 숙성기간에 따라 다소 차이가 있으나 acetic acid-ethyl ester, ethanol, butanoic acid-ethyl ester, 1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol 등이 높아 재래식고추장의 휘발성 향기성분의 주성분으로 추측된다.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2016

최소자연발화온도는 가연성물질이 주위의 열에 의해 스스로 발화하는 최저온도이다. 최소자연발화온도는 유기혼합물중 가연성 액체혼합물의 안전한 취급을 위해서 중요한 지표가 된다. 본 연구에서는 ASTM E659 장치를 이용하여 가연성 혼합물인 n-butanol+p-xylene 혼합물의 최소자연발화온도를 측정하였다. 2성분계를 구성하는 순수물질인 n-butanol과 p-xylene의 최소자연발화온도는 각 각 $340^{\circ}C$, $557^{\circ}C$로 측정되었다. 그리고 측정된 n-butanol+p-xylene 혼합물의 최소자연발화온도는 제시된 식에 의한 예측값과 적은 평균절대오차에서 일치하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2000

Objectives: This study was camed out to examine the effect of five fractions of aqueous extract from Artemisia capillaris THUNB(ACT), on TGF, 1-induced apoptosis, cell viability, cell cycle progression and mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes in human hepatocyte cell line HepG2. Methods: This study employed Tryphan blue exclusion assay, DNA fragmentation assay, Cpp32 protease activity assay and Quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results: In the Tryphan blue exclusion assay, the butanol fraction of ACT with $TGF{\beta}$, l showed magnificent (Nice word, ut is it appropriate in a medical abstract\ulcorner) viability and the H2O fraction of ACT with $TGF{\beta}$, l also showed higher viability than only $TGF{\beta}$, l-treated group. DNA fragmentation assay showed that the butanol fraction and the H2O fraction carried inhibitory effects on apoptosis induction, with the butanol fraction displaying greater effects. The Cpp32 protease activity assay showed that the butanol fraction decreased Cpp32 protease activity. The H2O fraction of ACT had no significant effect on the Cpp32 protease activity. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the butanol fraction suppressed Bax, p 15/INK4B, p21/Waf1, PAI-1 and increased Bcl-2 gene. Conclusions: The data shows that butanol fraction of ACT increases the hepatocyte viability and has the hepatocellular protective effect by the suppression of $TGF{\beta}$, l induced-apoptosis through gene regulation.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산학기술학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표논문집
• /
• pp.863-866
• /
• 2009

Ethanol/3-methyl-1-butanol 계에 대하여 정온하 즉 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 및 $80^{\circ}C$에서 2성분 기-액 평형측정치를 측정하였다. 측정된 기-액평형치의 액조성과 비휘발도의 대수치와의 관계를 직교좌표에 plot하면 직선이 이루어지고 온도변화에 대한 각각의 직선이 평형임을 확인하였다. Ethanol/3-methyl-1-butanol 계에 대한 추산식은 각각의 온도변화에 따라 나타내었고 이식들을 이용하여 추산식을 구하였다. 추산식으로부터 구한 추산치와 측정치를 비교 검토한 결과 Ethanol/3-methyl-1-butanol 계에서는 기상조성의 몰분율은 ${\pm}0.00051$[-]의 오차 범위에서 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났고, modified UNIFAC방법은 실측치와 비교한 평균오차는 ${\pm}0.0022$[-]에서 추산하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안한 추산법이 2성분계 기-액평형치를 추산하는 방법으로 타당함을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2011

This study identified the formula of the antioxidant substance separated from the ethyl acetate and the butanol extract and tested the antioxidant properties with the electron donating ability(EDA). Each phase with the fractionated methanol extract from mulberry leaf was screened in advance for the antioxidant substance with EDA. As the result, activity appeared in the ethyl acetate and butanol phase and the antioxidant component was separated. As the consequence, 2 components from the ethyl acetate phase and 1 from the butanol phase were separated, among which the structures of the components from ethyl acetate were determined by wogonin and linarin, whereas the structure of the component from the butanol phase was determined by pectolinarin. In the screening of antioxidant activity by the scavenging effect of the DPPH radical, the wogonin and linarin components from ethyl acetate phase showed more powerful antioxidant property than the component from butanol. The results from this study indicate that the chemical compound separated from the ethyl acetate extract has more powerful antioxidant property than the one separated from the butanol extract. The components separated from the ethyl acetate extract were wogonin and linarin, which are flavonoids, whereas the component from butanol was pectolinarin. Therefore, this study suggested that the feasibility of mulberry leaf as a functional food additive and its value as a natural antioxidant is very high.