• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.107-118
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• 2011

최근 차량이나 철도 혹은 화재관련 장거리 터널 내 해석이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 기존의 터널 내 유동해석은 수십 km의 터널 전체를 3차원 해석을 진행하는 것으로 비효율 적이다. 또한 터널 내 압력파해석을 위해서 1차원 해석을 많이 진행하지만 유동장을 볼 수 없는 단점이 있고, 3차원으로 확장할 경우 격자수가 기하급수적으로 증가하는 문제가 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 1차원 3차원 혼합격자기법을 사용하여서 터널 내 운송체 주변의 유동해석과 압력파 해석을 수행하였다. 20km가 넘는 장거리 터널내 에서 운송체의 고속이동과 이에 따른 유동의 해석을 위하여 운송체 주변은 3차원 격자를 사용하여 유동을 해석 후 공력저항을 계산하였고, 유동장 변화가 거의 없는 나머지 지역에 대하여는 1차원 격자를 사용하여서 터널 내 압력파 문제를 확인하였다. 유동은 비정상상태로 해석되었고 Solver는 사용툴인 Ansys vr. 12.0을 사용하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.1905-1915
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• 2019

This paper investigated the influence of simple support girds on flow, irrespective of having mixing vanes, in a 1 × 3 array rod bundle by using CFD methodology and the most accurate turbulence model which could reflect the actual physics of the flow was determined. In this context, a CFD model was created simulating the experimental studies on a single-phase flow [1] and the results were compared with the experimental data. In the first part of the study, influence of mesh was examined. Tetra, hybrid and poly type meshes were analyzed and convergence study was carried out on each in order to determine the most appropriate type and density. k - ε Standard and RSM LPS turbulence models were used in this section. In the second part of the study, the most appropriate turbulence model that could reflect the physics of the actual flow was investigated. RANS based turbulence models were examined using the mesh that was determined in the first part. Velocity and turbulence intensity results obtained on the upstream and downstream of the spacer grid at -3d_h, +3d_h and +40d_h locations were compared with the experimental data. In the last section of the study, the behavior of flow through the spacer grid was examined and its prominent aspects were highlighted on the most appropriate turbulence model determined in the second part. Results of the study revealed the importance of mesh type. Hybrid mesh having the largest number of structured elements performed remarkably better than the other two on results. While comparisons of numerical and experimental results showed an overall agreement within all turbulence models, RSM LPS presented better results than the others. Lastly, physical appearance of the flow through spacer grids revealed that springs has more influence on flow than dimples and induces transient flow behaviors. As a result, flow through a simple support grid was examined and the most appropriate turbulence model reflecting the actual physics of the flow was determined.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.719-724
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• 1994

This paper describes a hybrid surface-based method for smooth 3D surface approximation to a sequence of 2D cross sections. The resulting surface is a hybrid G $^{1}$ surface represented by a mesh of triangular and rectangular Bezier patches defined on skinning, branching, or capping regions. Each skinning region is approximated with a closed B_spline surface, which is transformed into a mesh of Bezier patches. Triangular G $^{1}$ surfaces are constructed over brabching and capping regions such that the transitions between each capping regions such that the transitions between each triangular surface and its neighboring skinning surfaces are G $^{1}$ continuous. Since each skinning region is represented by an approximated rectangular C $^{2}$ suface instead of an interpolated trctangular G $^{[-1000]}$ surface, the proposed method can provide more smooth surfaces and realize more efficient data reduction than triangular surfacebased method.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-127
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• 2011

본 논문은 장거리 터널 내에서 운송체의 고속운행에 의해 발생한 유동을 해석하기 위한 격자 기법 개발에 관한 내용이다. 수십 km의 터널 시스템을 3차원으로 해석하기 위해서는 많은 수의 격자가 요구된다. 그러나 전체 터널 시스템을 3차원으로 계산한다는 것은 비효율적이다. 그리하여 본 논문에서 계산의 효율성을 위해 터널 내 유동장에 영향을 크게 주는 달리는 운송체 주위, 정거장과 환기구는 3차원으로 격자를 구성하였고 그 외의 직전 터널 구간은 1차원 격자로 구성하였다. 터널 내의 유동은 열차가 달릴 때 생성되는 열차 주위의 유동에 의해 결정된다. 그러므로 열차 주위에는 격자를 조밀하게 생성시켜 주었다. 그리고 이 격자는 열차가 이동할 때 함께 움직이도록 하여 격자의 질을 유지하게 하였다. 열차의 운행 속도는 가속, 등속, 감속의 3단계로 구분하였다. 이와 같은 장거리 터널 내 비정상 고속 운송체 유동을 해석하기 위해 상용 소프트웨어인 Ansys vr. 12.0의 UDFs(User-Defined Functions) 기능을 사용하였다.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.317-336
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• 2011

A time domain finite element based method is employed to analyze wave radiation by multiple cylinders. The nonlinear free surface and body surface boundary conditions are satisfied based on the perturbation method up to the second order. The first- and second-order velocity potential problems at each time step are solved through a finite element method (FEM). The matrix equation of the FEM is solved through an iteration and the initial solution is obtained from the result at the previous time step. The three-dimensional (3D) mesh required is generated based on a two-dimensional (2D) hybrid mesh on a horizontal plane and its extension in the vertical direction. The hybrid mesh is generated by combining an unstructured grid away from cylinders and two structured grids near the cylinder and the artificial boundary, respectively. The fluid velocity on the free surface and the cylinder surface are calculated by using a differential method. Results for various configurations including two-cylinder and four-cylinder cases are provided to show the mutual influence due to cylinders on the first and second waves and forces.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2006년도 PARALLEL CFD 2006
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

In this paper, a recently proposed parallel hybrid particle-continuum (DSMC-NS) scheme employing 3D unstructured grid for solving steady-state gas flows involving continuum and rarefied regions is described [1]. Substitution of a density-based NS solver to a pressure-based one that greatly enhances the capability of the proposed hybrid scheme and several practical experiences of implementation learned from the development and verifications are highlighted. At the end, we present some simulation results of a realistic RCS nozzle plume, which is considered very challenging using either a continuum or particle solver alone, to demonstrate the capability of the proposed hybrid DSMC-NS method.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2009

The main objective of this study was to investigate fiber reinforced composite materials (FRCM) with electromagnetic shielding characteristics using aluminum (Al) film and copper (Cu) meshes. This study investigated the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of fiber reinforced composites filled with Al film, Cu meshes, and nano carbon black as hybrid conductive fillers to provide the electromagnetic shielding property of the fiber reinforced composites. The coaxial transmission line method of ASTM D 4935-89 was used to measure the EMI shielding effectiveness of composites in the frequency range of 300 MHz to 1.5 GHz. The variations of SE of FRCM with Al film, fine Cu, and general Cu meshes are described. The results indicate that the FRCM having Al film exhibited up to 75 dB of SE at 1.5 GHz.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.1428-1438
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• 2023

A novel Fission Diffusion Synthetic Acceleration (FDSA) method is developed and implemented as a part of a hybrid neutronics method for source convergence acceleration and variance reduction in Monte Carlo (MC) criticality calculations. The acceleration of the MC calculation stems from constructing a synthetic operator and solving a low-order problem using information obtained from previous MC calculations. By applying the P₁ approximation, two correction terms, one for the scalar flux and the other for the current, can be solved in the low-order problem and applied to the transport solution. A variety of one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) numerical tests are constructed to demonstrate the performance of FDSA in comparison with the standalone MC method and the coupled MC and Coarse Mesh Finite Difference (MC-CMFD) method on both intended purposes. The comparison results show that the acceleration by a factor of 3-10 can be expected for source convergence and the reduction in MC variance is comparable to CMFD in both slab and full core geometries, although the effectiveness of such hybrid methods is limited to systems with small dominance ratios.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2003

In the present study, finite element linear buckling analysis is performed for grid-stiffened composite plates. A hybrid element with drilling degrees of freedom is employed to reduce the effect of the sensitivity of mesh distortion and to match the degrees of freedom between skins and stiffeners. The preliminary static stress distribution is analyzed for the determination of accurate load distribution. Parametric study of grid structures is performed and three types of buckling modes are observed. The maximum limit of buckling load was found at the local skin-buckling mode. In order to maximize buckling loads, stiffened panels need to be designed to be buckled in skin-buckling mode.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제36S권1호
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• pp.104-114
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• 1999

본 논문에서능 2차원 칼라 동영상으로부터 3차원 개인 얼굴 모델을 자동 생성하는 효율적인 방법을 다루었다. 복잡한 배경이 포함된 영상에서 얼굴 영역을 안정적으로 추출하기 위하여 피부 색상 분포에 근거한 색상 움직임 추출 방법을 이용하였다. 검출된 얼굴 영역 내에서 색상 정보과 경계선 정보를 활용하여, MPEG-4의 SNHC(Synthetic-Natural Hybrid Coding) 에서 제안하고 있는 개개인의 얼굴 특성을 표현하는 31개의 얼굴 특징점 파라메타(Facial Description Rarameter: FDP)를 자동 추출하였다. 추출된 2차원 얼굴 특징점을 1038개의 삼각형 메쉬로 이루어진 3차원 일반 얼굴 모델(Generic model)에 적용시켜 변형함으로써 개개인의 얼굴에 해당하는 모델을 자동 생성하였다. 제안하는 알고리듬은 컬러 동영상에서 배경의 복잡성, 얼굴 크기 등에 상관없이 정면상에 가까운 경우 안정적인 특징점을 추출하였으며, 펜티엄 PC에서 약 2초 이내에 개개인의 얼굴 모습에 유사한 얼굴 모델을 생성할 수 있었다.