• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.605-615
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• 2012

Dance studies inherently have a nature of convergence and integration. Meanwhile, dance studies have extended their realm by investigating dance phenomena from many perspectives which art theories cannot explain. However, the previous and current dance studies are inadequate to explain a confluence society which is characterized as techuim, Interaction, freedom and openness according to the digital revolution. Hence, a result of research trend in domestic dance studies, it is found that dance studies have been studied in four perspectives since the early 2000s: first, a triggering the various studiesa of the convergent and integrative dance; second, an attempt to the convergent and integrative program development research; third, the vitalization of the convergent research on dance digital contents; and fourth, a research on the convergent dance art phenomena. These researches have played an important role in boosting a change in the structure and realm expansion of dance studies that are interdisciplinary research enabling a holistic approach to the integration and convergence between scientific technique, skills of dance art and other studies. However, it should be acknowledged that one problem is the current research development plan or/and research program have very little feasibility and practicality except an interdisciplinary research on the dance digital contents. Therefore, it is suggested for the development of dance studies in the age of convergence as follows: first, a dance convergent study integrated in skills and theories of dance and science that would pave the way for an academic foundation leading to a new humanistic model in the age of convergent; and second, a need for a paradigm shift that theories should be deployed in the scene on a commercial scale in order to produce effectiveness of the interdisciplinary and integrative research on dance studies by turning into a behavioristic research phase. third, it needs to changeover from large scale of convergent performance into small scale of convergent performance based on original idea for accumulation of teachnique research and promotion of dance convergent performance.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.147-169
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• 2015

Our society has been changed so rapidly and we have achieved industrialization and democratization swiftly. On our Economic growth and democratization, it is appraised that Christian Thought and western Capitalism thoughts have been one of the important factors. John Calvin, well known Reformer and thinker of Protestant, as M. Weber assessed, contributed greatly to the progress of Capitalism. He was a Religion Reformer as M. Luther and especially a thinker and man of deed, who affected large areas of human life such as Religion, Economy, Society and Politics. Calvin understood Economy is the main issue of theology and Economic activities can be a position which may restore the correct relationship of God and Man. This Paper aimed to survey, synthesize and systemize the Economy and Management thought of J. Calvin. On these changing current society, it surveyed if His thoughts that has long history, can be applicable or not and Where and How it may. Calvin's Thought not only on his age caused important changes and Reformation but now suggests critical milestones. His Thoughts of Love, Justice, and Fairness based on the Bible have been evaluated as the universal truth and important criteria. Until nowadays his Philosophy has composed critical Principles of decision making rules of Economy and Management and National policies. Especially today, when economy has been more emphasized as a center of our lives, His Thought suggests momentous directions on various Human Life such as Justice and Fairness, deepening of gap between poor and rich, expansion of conflicts among social classes, employment and wages, freedom of markets and its balance, and public good of land use. Reviewing Calvin's Economy and Management thoughts as meaningful basis on the our and world Economy which became worse caused by world monetary crisis and Europe financial crisis that aroused by world Economy globalization and expansion of neo-liberalism, this Paper suggested some future directions. And for the practical sectors, Distribution and Logistics, it proposed some issues and Directions, considering the impacts of His thoughts on the Industries. Nevertheless it can deliver some contributions, as a literature research, it reveals some limitations that it may contain lacking of practical investigations and cases on economy and management fields. In the future, more detailed and deeper research on the practical and situations of economy and management shall be needed.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.9-34
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• 2019

The Korean Police Force is equipped with the dual responsibility to not only protect the constitutional right to protest, but also prevent potential disorder and misconduct might be caused by the abuse of such a right. To this end, the Korean national police employ the crowd counting methodology, termed 'Maximum Figure at Any One Time' with a view to dispatching the proportionate number of police officers to protest scenes for safety management. However, protest organizers rather take advantage of 'Cumulative Figure' methodology, the purpose of which being to publicize the wide recognition of success, noticeably by demonstrating that as many people as possible support for their cause or voice. Hence, different estimates generated by different methods have raised serious political issues in Korean society. Nevertheless, it is found out that there are only three existing academic studies in Korea regarding crowd counting methods, and they are mainly geared towards comparing the two methods, unfortunately without any attempt to analyze the foreign literature in details. Keeping the research gap in mind, the research conducts a comprehensive review of the foreign literature with relation to protest crowd counting methods. Derived from the review and analysis, the counting methods can be broadly categorized into the three models such as: 1) Grid/Density Model, 2) Moving Crowds Model, and 3) Electronic & Non-Image Model. In the end, the research provides brief explanations regarding specific research findings per each model, and further, suggests some policy implications for the development of more accurate crowd counting methodology at protests in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• no.spc
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• pp.137-163
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• 2007

The air market in Asia has already entered upon the age of limitless competition. It means a very important moment in Asia air market. Each Asian country thus has put a lot of effort into a development plan and support to their hub airport. In order to achieve such a plan, first of all we should build closer cooperation system between the two countries Japan and Korea. The Korea and Japan are very fast growing in the northeast countries within the global air transport market. Air passenger and cargo traffic volumes between Korea and Japan have increased dramatically, since the 1990s. In response to such a trend, both countries have opened new airports and expanded existing facilities in the hopes of laying claims to the main international hub airport in Asia. Apart from the trend, air transportation between Korea and Japan's metropolitan areas is the only transportation in substance, even if they are located very closely in geographical position. The air transportation between the two countries shows that it is necessary to get fast and more convenient because of the economic and cultural interchange and exchange concentrated on the metropolitan areas, and that will promote the economic growth of Korea and Japan. However, within the air transportation industry field, there have no sufficient seats/slots to supply the air demand from the capital cities of each country, as well as no counterplan for some problems regarding capacityand sustain ability of metropolitan airports. Thus, it is necessary for us to consider in all aspects and solve them to improve air transportation between Korea and Japan. This paper is to try to demonstrate this matter and from all angles, that is, in legal and political aspects, facilities and given environmental conditions and cooperation between Korea and Japan. I think that it is indeed a great necessary and convenient for many Korean and Japanese tourists to conclude a new 'Open Sky Agreement' between Japan and Korea in order to the prepare the increase of the shuttle flight between Haneda-Gimpo and opening of air route newly for shuttle flight between Haneda and Cheongju as well as opening of air route for shuttle flight between Haneda-Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport and Beijing International Airport for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Furthermore it is a great desirable thing for us to conclude a new 'Open Sky Agreement' in cooperation reciprocally among the Japan, China and Korea for opening the new air route by the shuttle flight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1058-1064
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea on hepatic antioxidative defense system and recovery of muscle fatigue in rat after aerobic exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150$\pm$ 10 g were randomly assigned to one normal (N) group and aerobic exercise training groups. Exercise training groups were classified into two groups: training (T) group and green tea (TG) group which were supplemented the distilled water and green tea extracts by dringking water during experimental periods, respectively. The experimental rats in exercise training groups (T and TG) ran on a treadmill 30 min/day at a speed of 28 m/min (7% incline) 5 days/week or were cage confined (Normal group) for 4 weeks. And rats were sacrificed with an overdose of pentobarbital injection just after running. Hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities were not significantly different among three groups. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in T group was no significant difference from N group, but those of TG groups were significantly increased, compared with that of T group. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) activites of TG groups showed a similar tendency to that of normal group, but it was increased to 20% in TG group, compared with normal group. The reduced glutathione (GSH) contents in liver was not significantly different from that of any three group. The oxidized glutathione (GSSG) contents in T group was increased to 69%, compared with the normal group, but TG group significantly decreased, compared with the T group. The ratio of GSH/GSSG in liver of T group was lower than that of normal group, but those of TG group was a similar tendency to that of normal group. Contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) in T group was increased to 52%, compared with that of normal group but those of TG group were recovered the normal level. Contents of hepatic glycogen in T group were decreased to 23% compared with those of normal group, while that of TG group was the same as normal levels. The contents of serum lactic acid in T group were increased to 261%, compared with normal group, but those of TG group maintained the normal level by green tea supplementations. In conclusion, the effects of green tea in exercise training rats would appear to reduce peroxidation of tissue as an antioxidative defense mechanism and promote recovery of muscle fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.936-942
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• 2012

In the present study, the effects of green tea catechin on microsomal phospholipase $A_2$ ($PLA_2$) activity and the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in the lungs of microwave exposed rats were investigated. One Sprague-Dawley male rats weighting $100{\pm}10$ g was randomly assigned to the normal group and three were assigned to the microwave exposed groups. The microwave exposed groups were subdivided into three groups according to the levels of dietary catechin supplementation: catechin free diet (MW) group, 0.25% catechin (MW-0.25C) group and 0.5% catechin (MW-0.5C) group. Rats were sacrificed on the 6th day after microwave irradiation (2.45 GHz, 15 min). The lung microsomal $PLA_2$ activity in the MW and MW-0.25C groups was 30% and 15% greater than that of the normal group, respectively, whereas no significant difference between the normal group and MW-0.5C group was observed. The percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) hydrolyzed in the lung microsome in the MW, MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group increased by 47%, 18% and 20%, respectively, due to microwave irradiation. The formation of thromboxane $A_2$ ($TXA_2$) in the lung microsome was 50% greater in the MW group than in the normal group. However, the levels of $TXA_2$ in the MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group were normal. The formation of prostacyclin ($PGI_2$) in the lung microsome was 31% lower in the MW group than in the normal group, while the levels of $PGI_2$ in the MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group were similar to the normal group. The lung microsomal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration, which can be used as an index of lipid peroxide was 34% greater in the MW group, when compared with the normal group. However, there was no difference between the MW-0.25C, MW-0.5C and normal groups. In conclusion, lung function appeared to be improved by green tea catechin supplementation due to its antithrombus action, which in turn controls the AA cascade system.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.25-52
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• 2017

As the expansion of the cultural industry expands, various competitive structures are formed and the methodologies for producing commercial success are being discussed. Among them, Hollywood studios use political relationships and apply ideologies that can produce the best interests. Also, they use a structure that can convey this ideology, which is a mythology. The myth has satisfied the public for a ling time. Campbell suggested that strategies come from the myth, and the ideology emerged as a result of what mythology has to do with existing powers. Disney and Dream Works use the mythology and combine their own values into ideology. Disney and Dream Works choose conflicting ideologies in a different growth background. If Disney is recognized as an educational animation by the ruling class, Dream Works are supported by the public for their actions against Disney. Disney has conservative and patriotic personality, Dream Works is more liberal and progressive. Disney's structure came out first, and Dream Works parodied it. So we can compare Disney and Dream Works with similar myths to create a storytelling structure that embodies ideology. As a result, Disney and Dream Works have been choosing the 9 stages the key of Ideology form the 17 stages of the mythology and reduced them to the introduction, growth and completion. In the first units of the introduction, Disney dealt with the subject of social leaders who sacrificed to the ruling class and Dream Works hinted at the overthrow of the ruling class through the irony. If Disney had deployed colored races in the main characters, Dream Works used a variety of races from the main characters to others. In the second units of growth, Disney organized the process of accepting the value of the ruling class, and Dream Works showed the individual values, not the values of society. In the third units completion, Disney showed the main character who live in the world of the ruling class rebuilded, and Dream Works removed the ruling class and went back to the Individual life. Through the structure of Disney and DreamWorks, we learned how to utilize the mythical structures that transform according to ideologies. The right way to organize works will require the strategic approach to storytelling.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.336-344
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate changes in the physicochemical, antioxidant, and sensory properties of burdock during 9 repeated rounds of steaming ($90^{\circ}C$, 3 h) and drying ($60^{\circ}C$, 20 h) procedures. The moisture content decreased from 81.95% to 7.64% as the process was repeated. Fresh burdock showed the highest total sugar content, with 518.35 mg/g of soluble sugar, 86% being inulin. The reducing sugar content was the greatest (377.00 mg/g) in burdock that had been processed 3 times. The brown color continuously intensified, reaching its peak at 7 rounds of processing, and then weakened. Crude saponin content was the highest (6.17%) after the 5th processing. Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were the highest at the 3rd and 5th procedures, respectively. Repeated processing weakened the grass and root odors and the bitter, astringent, and metallic tastes, whereas it strengthened the sweet and savory odors, caramel flavor, and richness.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.449-455
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• 1998

The small size food organism(under the size 150${\mu}m$) is needed as food for early stage of marine fish larvae of small mouse (e.g the group of grouper). This study was investigated to develop a method for copepod Apocyclops sp. culture in combination with the rotifer B. rachionus for stable culture of copepod species and harvest of various size food organisms. The culture conditions as temperature, salinity, culture volume, photo period, culture preiod and observation interval were 25${\circ}C$, 22ppt, 40ml, all dark except to observation time, 16 days and every two day during the experimental period, respectively. The Tetraselmis suecica was used as the food for the two testing orgtanisms. After every two day counting, theses two organisms were transferred to fresh culture tanks with Tetraselmis suecica of $7{\times}10^5$cells/ml. In the mixed culture of B. rotundiformis and A. sp., growth of rotifer was suppressed by mixed culture with A. sp. whereas the growth of copepod Apocyclops was promoted in the mixed culture with rotifer B. rotundiformis (the maximum density was 22 individuals/ml through the 16 culture days). Moreover, the number of copepod nauplius were promoted about 2 times in the mixed culture compared to the numbers in single species culture. With this combination culture, the havested two food organisms of variable sizes. This size variation of food organisms was useful tools for larval rearing of small mouse marine fish larvae and next step food organism size of post hatched larvae.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.65-92
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• 2011

Die soeben entwickelten Grundgs$\ddot{a}$tze k$\ddot{o}$nnen dazu f$\ddot{u}$hren, dass es bei Fluggesellschaften zum Abschluss mehrerer Tarifvertr$\ddot{a}$ge $\ddot{u}$ber Personalvertretungen durch verschidene Gewerkschften kommt. Dies leitet schlie${\ss}$lich zu der bereits angesprochenen Problematik der Tarifkonkurrenz $\ddot{u}$ber. Tarifkonkurrenz zeichnet sich bekanntlich dadurch aus, dass f$\ddot{u}$r dasselbe Rechtsverh$\ddot{a}$ltnis dieselbe Regelungsmaterie durch mehr als einen Tarifvertrag geregelt wird. Eine solche Tarifkonkurenz kann unabh$\ddot{a}$ngig von der Frage, ob Regelungsgegenstand betriebsverfassungsrechtlicher Normen ein betriebliches Rechtsverh$\ddot{a}$ltnis ist, auch bei dieser Art von Tarifnormen auftreten. Dabei betriebsverfassungsrechtlichen Kollektivnormen gem$\ddot{a}{\ss}$ $\S$3 Abs. 2 TVG die Tarifbindung des Arbeitgebers f$\ddot{u}$r die Anwendungsbarkeit gen$\ddot{u}$gt, wird beim Vorhandensein mehrerer solcher Tarifvertr$\ddot{a}$ge h$\ddot{a}$ufig pauschal von einer in jedem Fall aufzul$\ddot{o}$senden tarifkonkurrenz gesprochen. $\ddot{U}$berschneiden sich die Geltungsbereiche mehrerer Tarifvertr$\ddot{a}$ge $\ddot{u}$ber personalvertretungsrechtliche Fragen der im Luftbetrieb t$\ddot{a}$tigen Besch$\ddot{a}$ftigten und handelt es sich nicht um textidentische Regelungen, f$\ddot{u}$hrt indes kein Weg daran vorbei, dass eine Tarifkonkurenz besteht, die einer Aufl$\ddot{o}$sung bedarf. Die Rechtsprechung hat sich zur speziellen Fragen der Aufl$\ddot{o}$sung einer Konkurrenz betriebsverfassungsrechtlicher Tarifnormen soweit ersichtlich noch nicht ge$\ddot{a}$u${\ss}$ert. Nicht zuletzt aus diesem Grund wird in der Literatur ein buntes Spektrum an L$\ddot{o}$sungen pr$\ddot{a}$sentiert, wobei sich die meisten neueren Stellungnahmen vor allem mit Organisationstarifvertr$\ddot{a}$gen im Sinne von ${\S}$3 BetrVG besch$\ddot{a}$ftigen.