• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2007

액비제조과정에 발생되는 악취물질을 감소시키기 위하여 파일럿 규모의 오존발생기를 제작하여 저장탱크에 있는 호기성 액비에 오존처리와 대조구를 두고 종자발아상태, 액비의 물질성상 변화 및 악취 저감효과를 구명하고자 본 시험을 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 각각의 처리에 대한 무씨의 발아성적은 오존처리구에서 발아율이 좋았다. 2. 액비저장조내의 분뇨성분 분석 결과 모든 처리구에서 pH는 상승하였고, 오존처리구는 모든 성분 함량에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 3. 액비저장조의 물질성상 변화에 대한 대조구와 오존처리구를 비교한 결과, 오존처리구는 대조구 보다 유기물 함량은 오존처리의 경우 1% 이하에서 검지됨에 따라 오존의 산화력이 높았고, 암모니아태 질소 함량은 대조구보다 낮은 수준에서 검지되었으며, BOD/COD 비율은 1.5 이하에서 물질성상의 변화를 호조건으로 만들어지고 있었다. 또한 부유물질(SS)의 경우 제거효과가 컸고, 총질소 함량은 대조구에 비해 낮게 검출되어 산화력이 좋은것으로 판단된다. 4. 유해가스중 Methyl isobutyl ketone만 오존의 저감효과가 있었고 공기 희석관능법에서는 대조구와 오존처리구 모두 배출구에서 500 이하로 나타나 적합하였지만 대조구 보다 오존처리구의 악취가 더 감소한 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 오존발생기를 이용한 오존처리농도(0.15ppm)와 액비에 오존접촉시간(15분/일)에 대한 좀 더 깊은 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제55권5호
• /
• pp.751-755
• /
• 2011

A doubly tethered chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid was applied to the resolution of various aryl ${\alpha}$-aminoalkyl ketones with the use of 80% ethanol in water containing 10 mM sulfuric acid as a mobile phase. The chiral resolution was quite successful, the separation factors (${\alpha}$) and the resolutions ($R_S$) being in the range of 1.39-2.05 and 3.18-5.22, respectively. The separation factors (${\alpha}$) on the doubly tethered CSP were slightly worse than those on the corresponding singly tethered CSP. However, the resolutions ($R_S$) on the doubly tethered CSP were generally greater than those on the corresponding singly tethered CSP. The chromatographic behaviors for the resolution of aryl ${\alpha}$-aminoalkyl ketones on the doubly tethered CSP were demonstrated to be dependent on the type and the content of the organic and acidic modifiers in aqueous mobile phase and the column temperature.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.147-159
• /
• 1991

Effects of twenty-one different flavonoids and their related compounds on the phagocytosis of colloidal carbon by macrophages in liver and spleen humoral immune responses against bacterial $\alpha$-amylase and cellular immune responses against oxazolone and dinitrofluorobenzene were studied in vivo and in vitro. It was shown that most of the flavonoids accelerated significantly the phagocytosis, and they suppressed significantly not only humoral and cellular immune responses but also the development of immunological memory after the antigenic stimulation. Especially, malvin was the most active in phagocysis, and disodium cromoglycate and morin were the most active in humoral and cellular immunosuppression, respectively. Daidzuin had the most potent inhibitory activity in the development of memory cells. The structure-activity relationships of the flavonoids in immunosuppression became apparant from these results: 1. The presence of $C_{2-3}$ double bond and $C_4$ Ketone group in C-ring was important for their immunosuppressive activity. 2. Flavonoids with benzene ring at 2 or 3 position in C-ring showed the almost same activities. 3. The opening of C-ring did not affect their immunosuppressive activity. 4. The glycosylated flavonoids at 3 position in C-ring were less less potent than their aglycones. 5. Di-or tri-hydroxylated flavonoids in B-ring were more potent than mono-hydroxylated. 6. Chromanochromanone also had the immunosuppressive activity.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.562-568
• /
• 1989

9월 중에 채취한 성숙한 초피 (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC)의 과피와 잎성분의 변성을 고려한 방법인 gas co-distillation으로 추출하고, GC/MS와 함께 workstation BASIC program들을 사용하여 극성이 다른 두 column(FFAP, HP-1)에 대한 authentic standard들의 retention index(RI) 값들을 구하여 HP-1 및 FFAP, RI reference library를 만든 후 초피의 정유성분들의 두 column library 탐색을 병행하여 분석함으로써, 과피에서 myrcene외 14 hydrocarbon들, linalool외 8 alcohol들, citronellal외 3 aldethyde들, carvone외 2 ketone들, methyl salicylate외 7 ester들 그리고 1,8-cineol 외 3 oxide를 확인하였고, 잎에서 limonene외 7 hydrocarbon들, citronellol외 7 alcohol들, cumin aldehyde외 1 aldehyde, carvone, 그리고 estragole외 1 oxide를 확인하였다. 과피에서는 1,8-cineol(25.47%), limonene(11.9%), geranylacetate(9.01%), myrcene(6.15%), geraniol(2.88%), citronellal(2.25%)등이 주성분이었고, 잎에서는 citronellal(23.11%), 1,8-cineol(18.38%), citronellol(6.04%), methyl cinnamate(4.08%)등이 주성분이었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.547-554
• /
• 1990

오징어 가열향기의 전구물질부를 탐색하고, 연속증류장치로써 가열향기 성분을 추출한 후 중성, 염기성, 페놀성 및 산성구분으로 분획하여 GC 및 GC-MS로써 분석 동정하였다. 오징어 가열향기의 생성에는 80% 메탄올로서 추출되는 성분이 중요하였으며, 지질은 가열향기에 관여하지 않았다. 4가지 획분을 관능검사한 결과, 중성구분에서는 은은하면서 감미로운 냄새를, 염기성구분에 서는 탄매, 배소취 및 어취를 느낄 수 있었다. 오징어 가열향기로서 44성분이 동정 확인되었으며, 이들은 탄화수소 2종, pentanal, furfurylalcohol, hexanol, 2-phenylethanol 등 알데히드 5종, 케톤류 1종, 퓨란류 1종, dimethyl sulfide, dime-thyl-thiazole 등 함황화합물 3종. pyrazine류 7종, pyridine류 2종 및 아민류 1종 둥 10종의 함질소 화합물, 페놀류 2종, propionic acid, isopentanoic acid 및 n-hexanoic acid 등 10종의 지방산으로 구성되어 있었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.183-187
• /
• 1997

본 실험은 지모의 생리, 생태적 특성과 성숙한 상태의 각 부위별 Sarsasapogenin의 함량을 비교 분석하고자, 5개의 수집종에 대해 1993년부터 '95년까지 충남농촌진흥원 특작포장에 재배하고 성숙된 지모의 각 부위별 Sarsasapogenin 함량을 T.L.C plate 방법에 의해 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 5개 수집종 중 주로 종실(種實)형을 나타낸 것은 공주, 청양 수집종이고 영양번식(營養繁殖)형은 금산, 연기, 유성종에서 주로 분류되어 있으며, 종실(種實)형이 비종실형보다 생육(生育) 및 형태적(形態的) 특징(特徵)이 양호하였다. 2. BuOH에 엑스를 산(酸)으로 가수분해(加水分解)한 후 T.L.C 용매(溶媒) 전개조건(展開條件)인 $CHCl_3$ : MEK : EtOH의 비율을 11 : 2 : 0.5로 하여 sarsasapogenin 분리(分離)가 가능하였고 Dual wave length T.L.C scanner로 정량(定量)이 가능(可能)하였다. 3. 주근(主根)과 세근(細根)의 sarsasapogenin의 량(量)은 각각(各各) 1.67mg/10g, 1.31mg/10g으로 세근(細根)에 sarsasapogenin의 량(量)이 주근(主根)보다 1.1배(倍)로 높게 나타나 세근(細根)에 sarsasapogenin 계통(系統)의 물질(物質)이 가장 많음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 지상부(地上部)의 sarsasapogenin 함량은 미미한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1999

Urethane-acrylate propelymers for secondary coating of optical fiber and high - performance material were prepared from the 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI), poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol(PTMG, Mw 650 or 1000), 1,6-hexanediol(HD), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA), and dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. UV-Curable polyurethane acrylates were formulated from the urethane-acrylate prepolymers, three types of reactive diluents(DTs) having mono-, di-, and trifunctional-phenoxyethyl acrylate(PEA), hexanediol diacrylate(HDDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate(TMPTA), and 1-hydtoxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone(Irgacure 184) as a photoinitiator. The UV-cured films of polyurethane acrylates were obtained by curing using a medium-pressure mercury lamp(U W/cm, $\lambda_{max}=365\;nm)$. In this work, the effects of molecular weights of polyol and diol with low molecular weight into polymer chain on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates were studied. The structure and properties of the films obtained from the UV photopolymerization of urethane-acrylate prepolymer were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical measurement, tensile testing, and X-ray diffractometry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.546-548
• /
• 1993

The discrete structure of substituted 9-benzonorbornenyl cation 3a and 3c was studied using the empirical ${\Delta}$J equation which was developed by Kelly and coworker$^5$. The ${\Delta}$J values of substituted 9-benzonorbornenyl cations were obtained from p-methyl-6,7-dimethyl benzonorbornen-9-yl (3a) and 9-methyl-6,7-dimethyl benzonorbonen-9-yl (3c) cations under stable ion conditions, and were compared with those of the corresponding ketone analog; these cations were generated by dissolving the corresponding carbinols in superacid at -120$^{\circ}$C and the nmr spectra taken at -60$^{\circ}$C~-90$^{\circ}$C. The ${\Delta}$J values are 8.7 Hz for the bridgehead carbons in cation 3c and 3.1 Hz for cation 3b. The ${\Delta}$J values at C5,8 in fused benzene ring are 14.3 Hz for cation 3c and 8.7 Hz for cation 3a. The excellent correlation of the ${\Delta}$J values with 1$^9F$ chemical shifts of p-fluorophenyl-6,7-dimethylbenzonorbornenyl cation (3d) indicate that ${\Delta}$J value is a reliable probe to charge density at adjacent cationic carbon. These NMR parameters strongly support that the symmetrically ${\pi}$-bridged nonclassical structure (type 2) of substituted 9-benzonorbornenyl cations in stable ion conditions.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1-2
• /
• 2003

While aromatic polyimides and polyamides have found widespread use as high performance polymers, the present work addressed the need for organosoluble materials through the use of a hyperbranching scheme. The $AB_2$ monomers were prepared. The $AB_2$ monomers were then polymerized via aromatic fluoride-displacement and Yamazaki reactions to afford the corresponding hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyimides (HT-PAEKI) and amine-terminated hyperbranched polyamides, respectively. HT-FAEKI was then functionalized with allyl and propargyl bromides as well as epichlorohydrin to afford allyl-terminated AT-PAEKI, propargyl-terminated PT-PAEKI, and epoxy (glycidyl)-terminated ET-PAEKI, in that order. All hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone-imide)s were soluble in common organic solvents. AT-PAEKI was blended with a bisphenol-A-based bismaleimide (BFA-BMI) in various weight ratios. Thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of these blend systems were evaluated. Two characteristic hyperbranched polyamides, which the one has para-electron donating groups to the surface amine groups and the other has para-electron withdrawing groups to the surface amine groups, were selected to compare BMI curing behaviors. The electron rich polymer displayed ordinary Michael addition type exothermic reaction, while electron deficient polymer did display unusual curing behaviors. Based on analytical data, the later system provided the strong evidences to support room temperature curing of BMI by reactive intermediates instead of reactive primary amine groups on the macromolecule surface.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to demonstrate the prevalence of subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle based on days in milk and herd level. Four to five blood samples were collected in five different lactation periods and analyzed for ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate using a Portable Ketone Test Kit. Subclinical ketosis was observed in 12 herds at prevalence of 6.3~57.1% depending on herd level, with four herds showing more than 40% subclinical ketosis prevalence. The distribution of subclinical ketosis in the early lactation period, high yield lactation period, mid lactation period, late lactation period and dry period was 9.5%, 27.5%, 36.8%, 27.9% and 12.5%, respectively. Clinical ketosis was only observed during early lactation (9.5%) and mid lactation (2%) period.