• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.884-887
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• 2004

We applied our technique of selective bronchial suctioning (SBS) for the treatment of atelectasis after resection surgery of lung in four patients with refractory atelectasis who were treated successfully. We considered that SBS using hydro-catheter insertion under local anesthesia above fourth tracheal ring is the effective technique for the treatment of refractory atelectasis when conventional respiratory therapy is not effective and a bronchoscopist is not available.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.589-594
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• 1999

There are some problems in inhalation sedation of non-cooperative pediatric patients. Usually the pediatric patients reject the nasal hood and there's no cooperation for administration of nitrous oxide gas. In mouth breathing patient, other technics of sedation such as intravenous or oral sedation or general anesthesia were recommended. Common causes of mouth breathing are common cold, allergic rhinitis, sinus problem, anatomical disorder, and habitual mouth-breathing. However in some patient not indicated the general anesthesia and high failure rate in oral and intravenous sedation. Administration of $N_2O-O_2$ with suction catheter was applied in full mouth breathing patient. Clinically effective sedation were occurred during procedure about 45 to 55 minutes. There's no any side effects by $N_2O-O_2$ inhalation sedation. The patients awoke at the end of the procedure and received 100% oxygen for 2-3 minutes. There's still some problems in use of the suction catheter such as air pollution of operation theater and elevate arterial carbon dioxide tension.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2006

A-61-year-old COPD patient was hospitalized due to dyspnea and was diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD. During the hospital stay, the patient's dyspnea was aggravated by massive spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema. Multiple 16 gauge intravenous catheters were inserted at the midclavicular line for drainage. Although subcutaneous catheter drainage was carried out, respiratory failure developed with an increased in massive subcutaneous emphysema. Continuous suction drainage with wall suction was applied resulting in the rapid resolution of the subcutaneous emphysema. We report a case of the that effective management of massive subcutaneous emphysema using multiple 16 gauge intravenous catheters with continuous suction.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 2010

Persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns (PPHN) is a disorder of the vascular transition from fetal to neonatal circulation. It results in cyanosis due to right-to-left shunting of the blood through the ductus arteriosus and/or foramen ovale manifesting as hypoxemic respiratory failure. We managed two cases of PPHN after meconium aspiration with high frequency oscillating ventilators and inhaled nitric oxide. They did not respond to conventional management. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was provided, and ECMO weaning was possible resulting survivals in two cases. We report two PPHN cases, which were treated successfully with veno-venous ECMO for the first time in Korea.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.410-419
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• 1996

Background : Spontaneous pneumothorax have been managed with a variety of methods. The technique most frequently used is chest tube drainage. Small caliber catheters were first used in the management of pneumothorax complicating the percutaneous needle aspiration lung biopsy, and the try to treat spontaneous pneumothorax also has been reported. However, the value of small caliber catheters in spontaneous pneumothorax has not been fully evaluated. So, we tried to elucidate the efficacy of 8 French catheter in the management of spontaneous pneumothorax. Method : From January, 1990, to April, 1994, 44 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax treated at Chung-Ang university hospital were reviewed. The patients were sub-divide into 8 French catheter insertion group (n=21) and chest tube insertion group (n=23). We compared the presence of underlying lung disease, the extent of the collapse, the duration of indwelling catheter and complication between two groups. Results : 1) The duration of indwelling showed no significant difference between 8 French catheter group and chest tube. But, complication after insertion as subcutaneous emphysema was developed in only chest tube group. (p<0.05) 2) In the primary spontaneous pneumothorax, all case of the pneumothorax of which size was less than 50% showed complete healing with 8 French catheter insertion. Whereas the success rate in patients with large pneumothorax (more than 50%) was tended to be dependent on the age. 3) In the patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax who were managed with 8 French catheter, the success rate was trended to be high if the underlying disease of pneumothorax was not COPD and if the patient was young. Conclusion : These results show that 8 French catheter insertion probably was effective in the pneumothorax less than 50%, the primary spontaneous pneumothorax, young age or secondary pneumothorax not associated with COPD.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.536-540
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• 2003

Purpose : Aspiration of foreign material into the lungs can cause acute or chronic pulmonary diseases. It is difficult to detect small amounts of aspiration due to the lack of safe, sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. Recently, in animal or human studies, it has been reported that immunochemistry for lactalbumin can be used to detect the minimal aspiration. So, the authors' investigation was designed to determine whether human milk phagocytized alveolar macrophages can be detected in human milk aspirated mice. Methods : Sixty four male mice, 6-8 weeks old and 30-40 gm weighing, were used for this study. About 0.05 mL of human milk or normal saline were given intranasally once per day for 1 day or 3 days. Under anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine, the trachea of each mouse was cannulated with an 18G Jelco needle and then, each mouse's lungs were lavaged three times with 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer solution at 2, 8, 24, and 48 hours after the last milk or normal saline instillation. Cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were stained with Oil Red O and immunocytochemistry for alpha-lactalbumin. Results : Immunocytochemical reactivity for alpha-lactalbumin or lipid-laden alveolar macrophages were not observed in the normal saline aspirated groups. Immunocytochemical reactivity for alpha-lactalbumin were observed in the human milk aspirated groups. They showed a peak at 8 hours and decreased markedly at 24 hours but persisted even at 48 hours after aspiration. Immunocytochemical stain positive alveolar macrophages were noted similarly in number between single and multiple aspiration groups. Conclusion : These observations suggested that alveolar macrophages for lactalbumin could be more easily detected on immunocytochemistry than Oil Red O stain, and immunocytochemistry could be used as a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for the detection of human milk aspiration.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.881-882
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• 2006

선형전동기(linear motor)는 일반 회전형 모터에 비해 직선 구동력을 직접 발생시키는 특유의 장점이 있으므로 직선 구동력이 필요한 시스템에서 회전형에 비해 절대적으로 우세하다. 선형전동기의 성능인 추력을 스테이터, 코어, 영구자석 등의 구성요소의 형상과 치수, 코어와 영구자석의 극간격, 공극, 코일의 권수에 따라서 결정된다. 본 논문에서 제안한 2kW급 단상 구동형 횡자속 선형전동기는 압축기 제작에 필요한 직경 50mm, 구동 스트로크 18mm로 설계하였다. 또한 pole pitch가 20mm로 설계하였으며 요구되는 평균추력은 940N이다. 제작된 압축기의 특징은 고정자와 이동자가 맞닿는 flux path를 넓히기 위해서 최대한 경사진 각도의 형상으로 제작하였으며 경사의 각도가 커지면 커질수록 압축기로 구동하는 이동자와 고정된 부위사이에서 발생하는 흡인력이 상쇄되는 구조이기 때문에 진동의 원인으로 가장 크게 작용한다는 디텐트력이 작다는 것이 특징이며, 진동특성 등에 유리한 것으로 판단된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2014

Renal and perinephric abscesses are a rare but potentially fatal complication of urinary tract infection (UTI). Diagnosing renal and perinephric abscesses has been known to be difficult. These abscesses may occur when the appropriate antibiotic treatment for a UTI is delayed, or in cases with a congenital malformation of the urinary system, especially in children. In the present report, we describe 2 cases of renal abscesses with extra-capsular invasion in children with febrile UTI. A 4-month-old male infant with vesicoureteral reflux developed a renal abscess that infiltrated the perinephric area and the left psoas muscle, despite early antibiotic treatment. A 9-year-old boy with prolonged fever also showed a multi-loculated renal abscess that infiltrated the spleen and diaphragm. Both patients were successfully treated with appropriate antibiotics and percutaneous drainage.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.670-676
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• 2004

Chemical pneumonitis is caused by the inhalation of noxious chemical substances and is a cause of occupational lung disease. Nitric acid, which is a one of the common air pollutants and a potential oxidant for refining and cleansing of metals, has a chance for occupational and environmental exposure. A 52-year-old man visited our hospital due to coughing and dyspnea after the inhalation of nitric acid fumes at his workplace. He had conditions of tachypnea (respiratory rate 26 /min) and hypoxemia ($PaO_2$ 42.6 mmHg, $SaO_2$ 80.2% in room air) in our emergency department. The chest radiographs showed diffuse interstitial infiltrates and ground glass opacity in both lungs. The patient made improvements in clinical symptoms and chest radiography after being given a supply of oxygen, antibiotics, and bronchodilator therapy without systemic glucocorticoid therapy. On his follow up visit after 4 weeks, he showed no symptoms and sequelae, and the pulmonary function test showed a normal pulmonary function.