• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to analyze abnormal dilatation of the extrahepatic bile ducts by using transabdominal ultrasound, to confirm the existence of bile ducts diseases and their interrelationship, and for it to give a new theoretical basis for the technical access to extrahepatic bile ducts, upon which to analyze the ripple effects of the scan training. After teaching technical access process based on the new theory about extrahepatic bile duct to the thirty students who are studying ultrasonography, we allocated three hours per one student (30 mins ${\times}$ 6 times) to focus on the training of scanning skill. Training has been performed by one-to-one method. For evaluation, all the students have to perform the scans on (1) confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts (extrahepatic bile ducts and cystic duct), (2) the suprapancreatic bile duct, (3) the intrapancreatic bile duct, (4) intrapapilla Duct, based on the clearly divided concept. The existing training and methods have had low confidency about transabdominal ultrasonography of the extrahepatic bile duct and had limitation with which they could image only the suprapancreatic bile duct. The evaluation after finishing the train based on the new theory, however, all the students (30students) can access to (1) confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts(extrahepatic bile ducts and cystic duct), (2) the suprapancreatic bile duct objectively. 24 students can access to (3) the intrapancreatic bile duct and only one student can even make an image for (4) the intrapapilla Duct Though the evaluation on extrahepatic bile duct has to be performed with multi-sided method considering intrahepatic cause, bile duct cause and pathophysiological cause, only if we can image the extrahepatic bile duct to ampular of Vater objectively and confidently, we can greatly reduce invasive procedure such as ERCP, which is for the purpose of simple differential diagnosis and painful to the patients. Therefore if we concentrate on the scanning train based on the new theory to raise the confidency about ultrasonography, the effect will be doubled.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.443-454
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• 2000

The compilers of science textbooks during the enlightenment period of Korea had been active in teaching and writing of science education. Thus a research on their social and educational backgrounds would help us to understand the historical process of the formation of Korean science education. In finding out their backgrounds, the official government resumes and the bulletins of an academic society were used. It was found that seven compilers of science textbooks, with their known resumes and bulletins, studied in Japan and another six studied in Korea. However, most students who studied in Japan with the support from Korean government returned to Korea and took an active part in education. In the first place, they had written the scientific articles in the bulletins. Then, they published school textbooks, including science textbooks. However, their roles in the science education replaced with the Japanese teachers with the lapse of time. Furthermore, since they were rather specialists in translation than in subject matters and studies applied sciences in technical colleges, they did little to foster science and could not form a firm basis for an independent internal structure of science education in Korea.

• School Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.161-176
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• 2006

Some adequate programs for mathematising are necessary to pre-service mathematics teachers, if they can guide their prospective students in secondary school to make a mathematising. They should be used to mathematising. In this paper, mathematising teaching units for the inquiry into number partition models with constant differences are designed for this purpose. They guide a series of process to make nooumenon for organizing phainomenon which is organized already through number partition model. Especially the new nooumenon and the process of obtaining it are discussed. But it is restricted when the numbers for partitioning are natural numbers, and elements and their differences are integers. Through these teaching units, pre-service mathematics teachers can experience and practice secondary mathematising, as they go through the procedures which are similar with those of mathematicians making theorems.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.40-51
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• 2019

For better understanding the relationship between consumers' perception and sensory characteristics of products, diverse types of rapid sensory profiling technique have been suggested as alternatives to conventional descriptive analysis. Among these, check-all-that-apply (CATA) method has gained popularity for studying consumers' perception and intuitive responses to products due to their simplicity, speed, and ease of use. CATA method has been used to gather consumers' perception derived from sensory characteristics of products as well as consumers' emotion responses to products in recent years. Moreover, many researchers reported that CATA method can be used to provide valuable information for product optimization by applying a penalty analysis and collecting responses to ideal product. Thus, this article reviews recent research using CATA in the field of sensory and consumer science and introduces practical applications to achieve various business objectives in food industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1223-1226
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• 2006

P2P(Peer to Peer) 기술은 1990년대 후반기부터 산업계 및 학계에 주목을 받고 있는 기술 분야중의 하나로 이 기술의 장점은 인터넷 환경에 산재하여 있는 컴퓨팅 파워, 공간, 네트워크 대역을 인터넷 기반으로 효과적으로 활용하여 협력작업을 가능하게 한다는데 있다. 최근에는 모바일 환경 응용을 위한 P2P 디바이스 탐색 분야에 관심사가 증대되고 있으며, P2P 시스템은 중앙통제 장치가 결여 되어 있기 때문에 중앙통제 장치 개입을 최소로 하면서 P2P를 운영하기 위한 효율적인 기법 및 체계가 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 접근방법을 검토하여 FFNN(feed forward neural network)을 이용한 디바이스 탐색 기법을 제시한다. 제시한 FFNN은 BP(back propagation) 알고리즘을 통해 훈련하고 디바이스를 탐색한다. 제시한 시스템의 성능을 보이기 위해 일정한 계산량을 가지는 작업을 에이전트를 활용, 탐색된 디바이스간에 분배하여 처리한다. 본 논문에서는 제한된 자원을 가지는 디바이스 간에 P2P를 사용하는 기법에 대해 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.9-18
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• 2001

In this paper, we present the joint symbol detection and channel estimation for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in fading channels. The proposed methods are based on decision-directed channel estimation (DDCE) method and their symbol detection is achieved by using Viterbi algorithm. This Viterbi decision-directed channel estimation (VDDCE) method tracks time-varying channels and detects a maximum likelihood symbol sequence. Recursive Viterbi decision-directed channel estimation (RVDDCE) method based on VDDCE method is proposed to shorten the detecting depth. In this method, channel estimate and Viterbi processing are recursively performed every interval of training symbol. Also, average chann'el estimation (ACE) technique to reduce the effect of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is applied VDDCE method and RVDDCE method. These proposed methods arc demonstrated by computer simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.253-261
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• 2001

화장품의 사용감은 개개인에 따라 다양한 기호를 나타내며 상대적이고 감성적인 개념들이 우선하게 된다. 이러한 관능특성들을 보다 객관적이며, 과학적으로 고찰하고자 하는 연구분야가 바로 관능평가이다. 본 연구에서는 메이크업 단계 중 베이스 메이크업에 속하는 제품인 파운데이션의 관능 특성을 보다 객관적이며 신뢰성 있게 평가, 분석하는 전문패널 평가 시스템을 구축하기 위하여 사내 여성을 대상으로 discriminative 및 descriptive 테스트를 실시하였다. 이를 통해 적합한 패널을 선정하였고 일정하게 규정된 일련의 교육과정들을 통해 패널을 훈련시킴으로써 베이스 메이크업 전문 패널 평가 시스템을 구축하였다. 그 후 파운데이션에 대해 질감별 제품을 평가하도록 한 후 이러한 방법으로 수집된 데이터를 신뢰성 있는 통계적 분석법을 이용하여 제품의 사용감 특성이 위치되니 2차원적 공간영역과 제품별 사용감의 특성을 분석하였다. 그 후 분석된 결과를 자사 브랜드 메이크업 라인의 파운데이션 제품에 응용하여 제품을 차별화 시키도록 설계하고 질감별 특징적 사용감과 적합한 특성강도를 제시한 후 이를 나타내는 처방의 제품을 결정하였다. 최종적으로 출시된 제품을 실제 소비자들을 통해 기호형 관능평가를 다시 한번 실시하였으며, 그 결과 실제 느끼는 사용감각 특성과 상품개발 계획 시 소구하고자 했던 관능특성이 일치하게 나타나 사용감 설계의 객관성을 검증하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 이와 같은 결과를 통해 관능평가를 제품개발에 응용한 활용방안으로 보고자 하였다.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.283-289
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• 2006

This study is a preparation for the application of FSA (Formal Safety Assessment) to the fire safety of ships. FSA is the new-fashioned methodology proposed to prevent ships from the accidents. To make a base of the fire safety assessment about ship's fire protection design and Classification Society rule, statistical informations for the fire safety engineering are investigated. From results, the necessity of new criterion for ship's fire safety design, the need to study the human behavior in the evacuation from fire, and the development of new fire progress model considering special situations in ships are acknowledged.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2007

The process and results of Captive Flight Test(CFT), conducted by Agency for Defense Development(ADD) using the Korean KTX-1 trainer and external fuel tank, are presented. Through over 150 sorties of CFT, the guided weapon system's critical subsystems like Seeker, Navigation Device and Technology, Inertial Sensor, and Radio Altimeter are tested and evaluated. Using the CFT, time and cost are saved in weapon system research and development procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.840-845
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• 2005

Intelligent agents to learn users' tendency have learn uscrs' tendency by sufficient users information and training time. When the intelligent agents is used in ubiquitous environment, users must wait for intelligent agents to learn, so user may be can't get proper services. In this paper we proposed an intelligent P2P mobile agent system that can learn users' tendency in real-time by sharing users' resource. The system shared users contexts on four places and made feel groups which was composed of similar users. When users' service which had the highest correlation coefficient in the peer groups was suggested, users were satisfied over $80\%$.