• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1063-1080
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• 2019

Objectives: With the aging of the population, the incidence of a variety of diseases is increasing. Cerebrovascular disease is a major cause of mortality worldwide and therefore requires timely treatment and management. We aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of herbal medicines in treating cerebrovascular disease by screening the most frequently prescribed herbal medicines and analyzing the clinical data of patients with cerebrovascular disease taking these medicines. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the electronic medical records of patients with cerebrovascular disease who received herbal medication at the Pusan National University Korean Medical Hospital from 10 March 2010 to 31 March 2017. The inclusion criteria were as follows: diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, use of frequently prescribed herbal medicines, available records of laboratory tests and functional evaluation that was conducted within two weeks before and after admission and discharge, and herbal medicine usage exceeding half the period of hospitalization. Results: Of the total patients with cerebrovascular disease, the number of patients analyzed in this study was 49. There were some changes in the various variables examined after frequently used herbal medicines had been taken, such as complete blood count, liver function test, lipid test, and functional evaluation. No serious adverse events related to herbal medicine were found in this study. Conclusions: We concluded that herbal medicines frequently used for cerebrovascular disease may have some clinical effectiveness. However, because of the retrospective nature of this study and only one hospital involved, the generalizability of our findings is limited.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.105-114
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• 2016

PURPOSE: This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of Tetrax on balance dysfunction caused by ataxia in cerebellar stroke. METHODS: A total of thirty subjects with cerebellar stroke were recruited. The participants was divided into two groups, the experimental (n=15) and the control group (n=15). Tetrax training and conventional physical therapy (CPT) were performed in experimental group, whereas the patients in the control group were treated with CPT twice a day. Each session of the Tetrax and CPT was carried out for 30 minutes, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Korean version of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (K-SARA) was the primary outcome measure, and the secondary outcomes covered Berg balance scale (BBS), falling index (FI), Timed up and go (TUG), and modified Barthel index of Korean version (K-MBI). All outcome measures were evaluated before and after 4 weeks. RESULTS: K-SARA was decreased significantly after 4 weeks intervention in both the experimental (p<.05) and the control group (p<.05). Furthermore, the experimental group produced significantly better outcomes in K-SARA, BBS, FI, and TUG compared with the control group (p=.012, p=.027, p=.008, and p=.048). There were significant correlations between K-SARA and BBS, FI, TUG, and K-MBI (p<.001, p<.001, p=.004, and p<.001). CONCLUSION: The restoration of ataxia was related with the improvement of the balance, falling risk, mobility, and activity of daily living. Tetrax training was effectively aided recovery of ataxia after cerebellar stroke.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 1994

Extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens in 24 eyes of 24 diabetics, with and without diabetic retinopathy, were followed up postoperatively for an average of 14 months to determine the incidence of progression of diabetic retinopathy, the final visual acuity and factors predictive of progression of retinopathy and final visual acuity. Overall, retinopathy progressed in 52% of operated-on eyes. Cataract extraction was highly associated with progression of diabetic retinopathy. Women had a significantly increased risk of progression of retinopathy in the operated-on eye compared to men. Visual acuity improved in 22 of 24 orerated-on eyes : however, only 11 eyes achieved a visual acuity of 0.5 or better and only 7 eyes achieved a visual acuity of 0.7 or better. Patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agents had a worse visual prognosis than those treated with insulin. The prognosis of patients with diabetic retinopathy about to undergo cataract surgery, even extracapsular cataract extraction with placement of a posterior chamber lens, is guarded.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.180-190
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined the influence of occupational type and lifestyle habits on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Korean male workers. Methods: Through secondary analysis of their four-year health examination data, 3,892 subjects were divided into four subgroups according to the presence of MetS now and four years ago. Results: Nineteen percent (n=739) suffered from MetS and these 739 subjects were classified into following occupations: 7.1% were office workers, 17.6% were non-office workers, and 42.2% were drivers. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that when the data adjusted for age, the predicting factors on the prevalence of MetS were heavy drinking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09~1.64) and the occupation of non-office workers (OR 2.99, 95% CI 2.13~4.18) and drivers (OR 7.97, 95% CI 4.89~10.83) among workers without MetS four years ago. Among workers already with a history of MetS, the predicting factors were less exercise (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.02~2.35) and drivers (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.03~2.94). Conclusion: Heavy drinking and less exercise and drivers were reported as influencing factors on the prevalence of MetS by this sample. The findings suggest that employers need to provide their employees with screening and management program for those at risk of MetS.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.5 no.sup
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review main symptoms of outpatient in Lee young Jun clinics who developed the functional cerebrospinal therapy and to investigate the therapeutic effects on one time application of functional cerebrospinal therapy (FCST). Methods: Patients who visited at least twice at an oriental medical clinic and treated with FCST were included. They were asked to write 216 numeric rating scale (NRS)-based questionnaire about degree of various symptoms at each visit. Prevalence and degree decrease of all reported symptoms were analyzed. Results: Total of 744 outpatients were included. There were fourteen symptoms of which more than half of all patients commonly complained. All symptoms were significantly reduced after one administration of FCST. About four to seven percent of patients reported at least five-point reduction on NRS in each symptom after FCST. Conclusions: FCST might have potential immediate effect on not only TMJ related symptoms, but also diverse kinds of pain, psychological symptoms, and fatigue-related symptoms.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the safe needling depth of Cheonchu($ST_{25}$) retrospectively by using an abdomen abdomen computed tomography(CT), and to analyze the correlation between needling depth and the characteristics of the subjects. Methods : We marked spots 50 mm away from both sides of the umbilicus in the abdomen CT and measured the vertical distance to the parietal peritoneum from the skin surface as well as waist circumference. Correlations between measured depth of Cheonchu($ST_{25}$) and variables such as age, gender and waist circumference were analyzed. Results : Average depth of the Cheonchu(n = 90) was $3.21{\pm}0.87cm$, the minimum was 1.31 cm and the maximum was 5.63 cm. A definite positive correlation was noted between needling depth and waist circumference and a significant difference was observed in needling depth according to waist circumference groups. Conclusions : Needling depth of Cheonchu($ST_{25}$) varied depending on the patient's waist circumference; safe needling depth of Cheonchu($ST_{25}$) measured by abdomen CT is 1.31~5.63 cm.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2009

Objectives : This study identified the effects of the acupuncture associated with successful cessation at a smoking-cessation clinic of public health center in an urban area. Methods : The subjects of this study were 1121 patients to the smoking cessation clinic of the Anjung Public Healthcare Center in Pyeongtaek, from June 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008. The 123 patients of them were treated by the auricular acupuncture. The experimental group were treated by the acupuncture, and the control only participated in the smoking-cessation clinic program. The data were analysed by SPSS(version 17.0). Chi-square analysis were conducted to see the different of effects between experimental and control group. Also, to find out the factors that affect the success of smoking cessation, logistic regression and Fisher's exact test were done. Results & Conculusions : 1. As the result of the analysis, it showed that 73.2% of the experimental were able to quit smoking for 4 weeks and 6months. 2. Logistic regression and Fisher's exact test showed that number of Cigarette per day, Nicotine Dependence, CO figure(p=.004<.01), and Number of Acupuncture(p=.000<.001) were the factors that affect the successful smoking cessation. 3. The smoking cessation were more likely to success as patients have lower CO figure(B=-.074), more number of the acupuncture(B=1.718). The more number of acupuncture increased 1 time, the more smoking cessation success did 5.576 times(e$^{(1.718{\times}x)$=e$^{(1.718{\times}1)$ = 5.576). 4. As the result of the analysis between experimental and control group, the success rate have the significance difference(p=.000<.001). 73.2% of the experimental were able to quit smoking, but 45.1% of the control did.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted to examine the clinical effects of thread embedding acupuncture on lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients. Methods : This is a retrospective study based on clinical charts. Despite the treatments of acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, and physical therapy during admission period, 10 lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients who had shown few improvements in their symptoms were selected as subjects. Thread embedding acupuncture was conducted to reduce patient pain. Patient progress was categorized into three periods based on when the embedding procedure performed. Verbal numeric rating scale (VNRS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and a 5 step evaluation scale for satisfaction were used to analyze the outcome. Results : Regarding comparison of VNRS improvement rate, both 3 and 6 days after embedding progress showed significant difference compared to before embedding progress. ODI improvement rate showed significant difference only 6 days after embedding progress. Patients' satisfaction with treatment had increased by several degrees. Conclusion : Thread embedding acupuncture for lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients may be effective in reducing pain and improving their quality of life.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.165-180
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• 2016

Objectives : This study is aimed to report the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided bee venom pharmacopuncture in rotator cuff disease patients. Methods : We treated 4 rotator cuff disease patients with ultrasound-guided bee venom pharmacopuncture and integrative Korean Medical Treatment. The Numeric Rating Scale(NRS), Shoulder Pain And Disability Index(SPADI), and Range Of Motion(ROM) were applied as outcome measures. Results : Comparing before and after treatment, both NRS and SPADI scores were decreased, and ROM was increased in all cases. And adverse events about bee venom pharmacopuncture have not been observed. Conclusion : This study shows ultrasound-guided bee venom pharmacopuncture has a meaningful clinical effect on the improving shoulder pain, disability and ROM.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.179-186
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• 2013

Objectives This study is designed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with early onset schizophrenia to those of adult onset schizophrenia patients in first episode. Methods Authors reviewed medical records of 16 early-onset schizophrenia patients and 22 adult-onset schizophrenia patients who had been admitted in the psychiatric ward and diagnosed as schizophrenia according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth Edition (DSM-IV) at Eulji University Hospital during 2004-2008. Socio-demographic data and clinical characteristics such as duration between onset and active phase, number of significant positive and negative symptoms, positive and negative symptom scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scores, duration from onset to admission, duration of admission, and equivalent dose of antipsychotics were reviewed. These clinical characteristics of early-onset group were compared to those of adult-onset group. Correlation between age of onset and other clinical characteristics was also analyzed. Results Early-onset group showed more insidious onset pattern and had longer duration of hospitalization than adult-onset group. Early onset group also exhibited more negative symptoms, higher negative symptom scores, and higher CGI-S scores than adult-onset group after treatment. However, there were no significant differences in family history of psychosis, positive symptom frequency at discharge and equivalent dose of antipsychotics between two groups. Conclusions This study revealed that patients with early-onset schizophrenia exhibited more insidious onset, more negative symptoms, and more severe symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia after treatment.