• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to provide the clinical results of arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) reconstruction with preservation of the original PCL using transtibial tunnel and posterior transseptal portal. Materials and Methods: 36 patients underwent PCL reconstruction with achilles tendon allografts. We tried to preserve of the original PCL.At the final follow-up, patients were evaluated retrospectively by four measurements: Lysholm knee scores, IKDC grades, Telos stress radiography, and second look arthroscopy.Follow-up periods were from 12 months to 30 months. Results: The average Lysholm knee score improved from $66.0{\pm}8.67$ to $87.9{\pm}5.04$. Preoperative IKDC grades were abnormal in 15(41.7%) and severely abnormal in 21(58.3%), postoperative IKDC grades were normal in 6(16%),nearly normal in 24(66%), abnormal in 5(16%) and severely abnormal in 1(2%).The average side to side difference in Telos stress test decreased from $12.5{\pm}2.61(7{\sim}20)$ mm to $3.9{\pm}1.34(7{\sim}1)$ mm (paired sample T test, p=0.001) Conclusion: Arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) reconstruction with preservation of the original PCL using transtibial tunnel and posterior transseptal portal is useful surgical method.

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.53-54
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 2003

A 34-year-old man with ACL total rupture due to slip down injury, had received ACL reconstruction using autogenous hamstrings tendon with cross-pin femoral fixation. Postoperative course was as usual. But postoperative 3 months later, he complained posterolateral knee pain, recurrent effusion and mild instability. He was managed repeatitive aspiration and nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs but was failed to relieve symptoms & signs. In CT scans, perforation of posteromedial femoral cortex of lateral femoral condyle was found. In second look arthroscopy, two pieces of broken femoral cross pin were found in between tibiofemoral Joint which was badly injured cartilage. We considered malposition of pins was the main cause of failure. We propose that femoral tunnel must be made more acute angle and femoral cross-pin guide must be positioned more external rotation 10-20 degree than transepicondylar axis made confirm the cross-pin tunnel position in order to avoid posterior cortex perforation and early failure.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2000

Purpose : We reviewed the results of arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using Achilles tendon allograft, and the efficacy of the surgical technique using gradual tibial tunneling and posterior transseptal technique. Materials and Methods : From september 1997 to September 1999, 8 patients with complete PCL injury were treated by arthroscopic PCL reconstruction using Achilles tendon allograft. Mean follow-up period was 21.7 months. Mean preoperative posterior laxity was 14mm. The clinical outcome was assessed by Telos stress test, Lysholm knee score and IKDC score. Result : There was no complication such as infection and neurovascular injury. Posterior translation using Telos device was less than 5mm in 6 cases$(75\%)$, and between 6 to 10mm in 2 cases$(25\%)$. The mean Lysholm knee score was 45 preoperatively and improved to 87 postoperatively. In IKDC system, 2 of 8 patients were group A and 6 were group B. Conclusion : Arthroscopic PCL reconstruction using achilles tendon allograft and posterior transseptal technique shows reliable stability, short operative time and minimizing donor site morbidity but needs more long term follow-up.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction with single bundle, single-incision technique using Achilles tendon and tibialis anterior allograft with ligament remnant preservation. Materials and Methods: Twenty six patients underwent PCL reconstruction was included. There were 21 males and 5 females. Mean age was 32 years. Used graft was a fresh frozen Achilles tendon allograft (group I, 14 cases) and tibialis anterior allograft (group II, 12 cases). Arthroscopic PCL reconstruction was performed using transtibial, single-incision and single bundle technique with remnant preserving as possible. For clinical evaluation, range of motion, posterior drawer test, Lysholm score, Tegner activity scale, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) grade and posterior stress radiograph were used. The mean follow-up period was 21.6 months (12-40 months). Associated injuries were 5 medial collateral ligament injuries, which were treated by conservative method. Results: Range of motion (ROM) was returned to normal range in 24 cases, but ROM deficit under $10^{\circ}$ flexion was 2 cases at final follow-up period. Preoperative posterior drawer test was 17 cases in grade II and 9 cases in grade III. At final follow-up 13 cases returned within normal grade, 7 cases grade I and 6 cases grade II posterior instability. Lysholm mean score was improved from preoperatively 62 to 90 at final follow-up period. Tegner activity mean scale improved from preoperatively 3.5 to 5.6 at final follow-up period. IDKC grade was grade A was 3 cases, grade B 17 cases, grade C 6 cases. In posterior stress radiograph, posterior displacement was improved from mean 12 mm preoperative to 4.5 mm at final follow-up. There were no statistical differences between two groups in clinical evaluations. There were two cases of re-rupture of graft at the bone-tendon junction in group I. Conclusion: We had successful results of PCL reconstruction with single-incision, single bundle technique using Achilles and tibialis anterior allograft without difference between two groups in patients with PCL injury. There were more re-rupture of graft in Achilles tendon group.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.95-113
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.128-130
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• 2010

Femoral avulsion fracture of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is rare, especially in adult. We experienced a case of femoral bony avulsion fracture of PCL. The patient was seventy one year old man with limitation of motion in the knee joint due to previous trauma and he was injured by fall down from 2 m height. We took CT scan and MRI study. We treated with arthroscopic repair technique using transfemoral two wire sutures. Second look arthroscopy was done for removal of the wires at postoperative one year.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.80-84
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• 2001

Purpose : To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(PCL) by tibial inlay technique. Materials and Methods : Twenty four patients(25 cases), who underwent reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament by tibial inlay technique and were followed up for at least 2 years, were reviewed retrospectively. Mean age at operation was 35 years and mean period of follow up was 34 months. Clinically Lysholm knee socre, posterior drawer test and step off sign were evaluated. Instrumented posterior laxity test with $Telos^{\circledR}$ device(Telos stress device; Austin & Associates, Inc., Polston, US) was performed. Results : Lysholm knee score was improved from 56.9 points preoperatively to 94.6 points at fellow up. Posterior drawer test showed grade II instability in 1 case, grade III in 18 and Grade IV in 6 preoperatively and improved to grade I In 12, grade II in 10 and grade III in 3 at follow up. Step off signs were changed from -10mm in 6 cases, -5mm in 18 and flush in 1 preoperatively to -5mm in 3, flush in 10 and +5mm in 12 at follow up. Side to side difference of instrumented posterior laxity test was improved front 13.6mm preoperatively to 4.3mm at follow up. Conclusions : PCL reconstruction by tibial inlay technique is considered to be a good treatment method to restore posterior stability of the knee, which could result in satisfactory clinical and radiological results at more than 2 years' follow up.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of fresh-frozen achilles allograft PCL reconstruction. Materials and Methods : 34 patients(35 cases) who was reconstructed PCL arthroscopically using achilles allograft were analyzed subjective and objective parameters, Telos stress arthrometer and Modified Feagin Scoring System. The average age was 36.2 years old($16\~57$ year) and average follow up period was 18.5 months($12\~27$ months). Result : The mean Lysholm Knee Scoring was improved from 47.5 to 87.4. Posterior translation by Telos arthrometer decreased to 2.3mm from 7.1mm. The modified Feagin scoring system showed 32 cases$(91.5\%)$ with excellent and good result. Conclusion : Clinical results of PCL reconstruction by Achilles allograft revealed good result as to scales. Achilles allograft provided enough initial tension with length and minimized the complication of using autograft. Therefore achilles fresh-frozen allograft in PCL reconstruction is a good substitute material for autograft.