• 해운
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• s.102
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• pp.8-19
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• 2013

현재 해운시장은 유럽 재정위기 장기화 신흥국 실물경기 둔화 확대 등으로 인해 회복이 지연되고 있으며, 주요 해운시황 예측기관들은 시장 회복시기를 2014년~2015년 이후로 예상되고 있다. 2013년 해운시황은 전년에 비해 소폭 개선될 전망이나 공급과잉 부담으로 2015년 이후 L자형의 완만한 회복세를 보일 전망이다. 또한, 시황 회복 시 선종별 상위선사들을 중심으로 수익이 집중화될 가능성이 언급되고 있으며, 상위 선사들을 중심으로 승자독식 체제가 형성이 우려되고 있다. 다음은 KDB산업은행 경제연구소에서 발표한 "컨테이너선 시장의 변화요인 점검 및 향후 전망"의 주요 내용을 요약 정리한 것이다.

• Social Workers
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• no.9 s.53
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• pp.44-45
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• 2006

IFSW(세계사회복지사연맹)는 지난 7월 새로운 회장을 맞이하였다. 신임회장으로 선출된 David N Jones는 올해로 탄생 50주년인 IFSW에 새로운 활력과 변화를 가져올 것으로 기대를 모으고 있다. 영국 출신의 Jones는 IFSW에서 지속적인 활동을 펼쳐 왔으며, 그간의 참여와 기여로 인해 다수국가의 표를 얻은 것으로 보인다. 이번 호 Social Worder에서는 회원국들과의 발전적 협력관계를 모색하고 있는 IFSW를 앞으로 4년간 이끌어갈 Jones 신임회장과 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 서면으로 진행된 인터뷰에 적극적으로 응해 준 Jones 회장에게 감사를 전한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.205-211
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• 2002

퇴변한 필적을 회복하고 보호하는 것에 관계되는 여러 학과를 설립하여, 각고의 연구 끝에 이 영역에서 일련의 중대한 돌파를 얻었다. 볼펜 복사지 푸른색 먹(黑) 연필 청사진 등의 필적 재료의 퇴색 확산 회복 고정기제 및 종이 노화와 보호기제 등 복잡한 요소를 연구 분석하여 일련의 퇴변한 당안 필적 회복과 보호제를 연구 제작하였다. 이 일련의 성과가 세상에 나온 이래 중국 30개성 자치구에서 정부기관 경찰 법원 도시규획과 건설 지질 수도 전기 철로 석유 조사 설계 군사 등의 일부분 당안에서 응용되었고, 심각하게 퇴변한 대량의 진귀한 문헌 문물로 하여금 원래 모습을 회복시켰으며, 영구 보존할 필요가 있는 문건을 내구적으로 고정시킬 수 있었다. 동시에 국제 당안계 및 지질문물 수장, 연구 부분에서 강렬한 영향을 불러일으켰다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.3-34
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• 2013

This research, which was experimented by dividing tangible and intangible products, established the influence that affects recovery for consumers' complaint behavior and behavioral intention as per each different compensation program. In Experiment 1, the consumers, who experienced complaint behavior owing to company's mistake, have preferably recovered through the compensation program offered by the company. However, there was a significant difference in preference recovery between products that caused complaint behavior. According to the study result, the more clear preference recovery was shown in the case of purchasing laptop than the case of dining in family restaurant. Additionally, the consumers' emotion recovery was possible through compensation.; There was a emotion recovery disparity depending on product type between purchasing laptop case and dining in family restaurant case. The consumers, who experienced complaints, were only able to recover their preference, emotion, and behavioral intention through compensation of which recovery was greater in tangible product case than ordinary service. Meanwhile, there was no distinct difference between recovery compensation types even though the products were identical-type ones whereas it appeared that such tangible product which showed greater purchasing effort as laptop computer was more effective in stimulating emotion response. In Experiment 2, the purpose was to find out the difference between complaint behavior and its recovery process shown after purchase by Korean and Japanese college students, who have different consumer purchasing habits. The both consumers of the two countries, who experienced complaint behavior, demonstrated precise difference in preference recovery while the emotion and behavioral intention exhibited no disparity between the two consumer groups. In this experiment, it was learned that Korean college students were show-off purchase type consumers while on the other hand, the Japanese college students were famous product purchase type consumers. Thus, there was a clear difference in laptop computer purchase process and post-purchase evaluation between these two groups. In particular, the Korean college students had quicker preference recovery through compensation than the Japanese college students on account of their tendency to be consciousness of others. Nevertheless, there was no difference between the emotion recovery and re-purchase recovery and therefore, the compensation program for complaints was proven to affect the emotion and behavioral intention.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.225-239
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• 2014

An effect of reward program related to promotional activity has the limitation of being concentrated on a short-term performance or of inducing temporary re-purchase. Accordingly, this study verified the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery centering on interactive effects of reward timing and reward intensity, in order to expand a research of dissatisfaction situation. As for the objective of this study, first, the aim is to verify the difference in the influence of economic, non-economic, and combined rewards, which are reward methods of dissatisfaction situation, upon consumers' cognitive response recovery and emotional response recovery. Second, the aim is to confirm a moderating role of reward timing and reward intensity in the effect of consumers' response recovery according to reward methods. To design a research, the perfect factor design between subjects in 3X2X2 was used. As a result of major research, first, there was a difference in the influence upon consumers' response recovery depending on reward methods. Second, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward timing. Third, the influence of reward method upon consumers' response recovery had a difference depending on reward intensity. Consumers' response recovery level was confirmed to have the greatest influence in the combined reward. This study has a significance in newly applying the reward timing, in the dissatisfaction situation which is addressed in the general reward program. Through this study, the aim was to support the empirically analytical results of prior researches and to expand its role in several angles.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.439-450
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• 2016

Clinical nurses have tendency to change their job while providing care to patient, experiencing extreme stress with shift work, increased demands for technique, and heavy workload. At this point, it is time for investigating resilience in nursing part, and resilience affect to increase organizational commitment and decrease stress and exhaustion at organization. This study is a correlation study to investigate effects resilience on stress, exhaustion, and organizational commitment of clinical nurses. The results are as follows; The participants' resilience level is 3.38(${\pm}.38$), at the maximum of 5, stress level is 3.73(${\pm}.50$) at the maximum of 5, burnout level is 2.74(${\pm}.68$) at the maximum of 6 and organizational commitment level is 4.22(${\pm}.68$) at the maximum of 7. Ftom this study, resilience, stress, and burnout showed negative correlation, and resilience and organizational commitment revealed positive correlation. In order to decrease the clinical nurses' stress, burnout and enhance nurses' organizational commitment, nurse managers have to manage nurses' resilience. For increasing resilience of nurses, nurse manager has to develop resilience program, and training for managing nurses' stress and burnout.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.109-126
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• 2017

Designing cost-effective service recovery strategies mix has been recognized one of important issues by both service researchers and practitioners. In spite of the rising interest in them, there has been scarce studies on them. In this paper, we try to find cost-effective service recovery strategies mix via game-theoretic modeling. Especially, we focus on the possible incentives such as voucher type reward and service re-performance which have different cost structure. We investigated three questions about the topics as follows:(1) Should the service firm use the possible incentive scheme such as voucher and service re-performance for service recovery?, (2) How much voucher and service re-performance is adequate for service recovery under diverse service failure severity level?, (3) How much voucher and service re-performance is adequate for service recovery under diverse threshold level to make the customer repurchase? The results are as follows:(1) The use of both voucher and service re-performance for service recovery results in greater surplus for the service firm. (2) The higher gets the service failure severity level, the higher total incentives are required in the equilibrium. As service failure severity level gets higher, higher level of discount might be more useful to the service firm. However, service re-performance should be cut down above some critical level of service failure severity in the equilibrium. (3) The higher gets the threshold level to make the customer repurchase, the higher incentives are required in the equilibrium, and the higher portion of voucher incentive is required relative to that of service re-performance in the equilibrium.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.17-43
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• 2014

research tries to present the role of perceived justice and authenticity in service recovery process. Prior research on the service recovery have focused on relationship among perceived justice, recovery satisfaction and positive customer behavior. Especially perceived justice including distributive, procedural, and interactional justice has addressed as most important antecedents of recovery satisfaction. Although the pivotal role of perceived justice for successful service recovery has agreed by many researchers, relatively little attention has been paid to emotional aspect of customer. During the service recovery process, even if customer perceived recovery effort from service provider as justice one, they might feel displeasure or dissatisfaction. It means prior researches have underestimated the importance of emotional aspect while they focus on cognitive aspects. The one research focused on emotional aspects examined effect of authenticity in service context with other related factors. However, solely examined effect of authenticity is not enough to present proper implication effect between justice and authenticity so that it can be understood more clearly. In this study, we examined customer reactions to service failure and recovery process in restaurant service settings. Specifically, we focused on the moderating effect of authenticity on the paths between perceived justice and outcome variables such as forgiveness and recovery satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.301-305
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• 2007

The performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell could be decreased due to coolant leaked from connection part. Micro pump was used to put small amount of coolant and investigate the effect on fuel cell. The stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen/air was 1.5/2.0, both side of gas was fully humidified, and current density of $400mA/cm^2$ was used as standard condition in this experiment. Constant current method was used to check performance recovery from coolant effect in 3 cell stack. The performance was recovered when coolant was injected in cathode side. On the other hand, the performance was not recovered when coolant was injected in anode side. Ethylene glycol could be converted to CO in oxidation process and cause poisoning effect on platinum catalyst or be adhered on GDL and cause gas diffusion block effect resulting performance decrease. Water with nitrogen gas was supplied in anode side to check performance recovery. Polarization curve, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to check performance, and gas chromatography was used to check coolant concentration. Constant current method was not enough in full recovery of performance. However, water injection method was proved good method in full recovery of performance.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.365-384
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of grit on the resilience of elementary science gifted and general students in their daily lives, and to identify the differences between science gifted students in university gifted centers and elementary school gifted classes and normal students. The grit and resilience test was administered to 154 scientifically gifted students and 98 non-gifted students. Based on the collected data, descriptive statistical analysis, measurement model analysis, and multigroup structural model analysis were conducted. The results of the study were as follows: First, across all sub-factors of grit and resilience, the gifted students showed significantly higher levels of resilience than non-gifted students. Second, the path from making perseverance of effort in grit to resilience showed a positive effect, while the path from consistency of interest in grit to resilience showed a negative effect. Third, in all groups, including regular classes, the school for gifted, and the university-affiliated gifted students, the perseverance of effort in grit exhibited a positive effect on resilience, and the consistency of interest in grit showed a negative effect on interpersonal relationship skills in resilience for both the non-gifted and the gifted students. Lastly, gifted students showed a significant difference in the path from perseverance of effort in grit to the sub-factors of resilience, whereas non-gifted students did not.