• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2007

Synovial chondroma is an uncommon benign lesion characterized by metaplastic cartilage formation within the synovial connective tissue, usually intraarticular, commonly affects the knee, hip and elbow. We would like to present the case of a 65-year-old man suffering from synovial chondroma of the right elbow responsible for radial nerve entrapment neuropathy. This is a case of synovial chondroma of the right elbow in an 65-year-old man presenting with pain and restricted joint movement of the right elbow, loss of extension and sensation of the right thumb and wrist. Plain radiographs showed narrowing of elbow joint space, bony spur on the edge of the joint, and radio-opaque sclerotic change of subchondral area. MRI revealed $16{\times}12$ mm sized round mass on the radial head, homogenous low signal on T1WI, heterogenous high and low signal on T2WI. The patient underwent marginal excision of the mass, compressing the radial nerve. Diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2010

Synovial chondromatosis is a benign nodular cartilaginous proliferation arising in the synovium of joints. The radiolographic features of this condition are variable. Rarely, it would be confused with malignancy such as chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma or synovial sarcoma. We report a case of primary synovial chondromatosis of the posterior aspect of the proximal tibia mimicking a parosteal osteoarcoma on the radiography, which showed a homogeneously radiopaque juxtacortical mass. However, subsequent computed tomography (CT) showed multiple intra-articular masses containing chondroid mineralization, suggesting synovial chondromatosis.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.272-275
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• 2009

Extraarticular synovial chondromatosis is a very rare disease which affects the hands, feet, and wrists most commonly. In cases of involvement around large joints, the tissues around knee are usually involved. It arises from tendon sheath, capsular tissue and bursae. It is an idiopathic process in which the synovial cells undergo the metaplasia into cartilage cells. Chondroid matrix of the cartilaginous nodules calcify and ossify to be the osteochondroma. On simple radiograms before calcification and/or ossification of the chondroid tissues the cartilaginous nodules look normal on radiograms. Therefore MRI is needed to establish the diagnosis. We report a case of extraarticular pan-peri-meniscal synovial chondroma around right knee, initially suspected as a ganglion cyst which clinically mimicked a large rounded lesion or a cystic lesion on MRI.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.64-68
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• 2013

Extraskeletal chondroma is a benign soft tissue tumor which is composed of hyaline cartilage but arises from the fibrous stroma rather than from mature cartilaginous or osseous tissue. Extraskeletal chondroma is relatively rare and occurs most frequently in the soft tissue around the joints of hands and feet. We present one case of extraskeletal chondroma in a finger of a young woman.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2004

Intracapsular chondromas of the knee have been reported rarely, so the authors report one case about its clinical and histologic findings. This is the case about 38-year-old man who feel painful swelling of the knee joint and the tenderness on the anterior aspect of knee. After arthroscopic excision, grossly there was a 2.5${\times}$l.5${\times}$1cm sized white colored firm mass which had central brownish lesion. Microscopically it was confirmed to chondroma which was consisted of hyaline cartilage and outer thinly synovial membrane.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 2011

Extra-skeletal chondroma, characterized by its lack of connection with the adjacent bone, includes synovial chondromatosis, intra-articular and para-articular chondroma, and soft tissue chondroma. Among them, the last two lesions are extremely rare. This is the case about 20-year-old soldier, who had complained of tenderness of the knee, pain and fullness during knee flexion and limitation of motion after a hard military training. We found a mass in the x-ray and MRI and resect the mass surgically, which was a $5.5{\times}4{\times}3$ cm size hard solitary mass. On microscopic finding, it was consisted of lobulated hyaline cartilage and outer fibrous capsule, and we ascertained it as para-articular chondroma. We experienced a case of para-articular chondroma in the infrapatellar fat pad of the knee joint and present its clinical, radiologic and pathologic findings with literature review.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2005

목적 : 만성 염증성 질환에 대한 전침효과를 알아보기 위해 complete Freund's adjuvant (CA) 유발 관절염 모델에서 염증관련 단백질의 변화를 살펴보았다. 방법 : Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐의 족부에 CFA를 주사한 다음 3일 간격으로 2 Hz, 15 Hz 및 120 Hz 전침 자극을 주며 부종 형성여부를 plethysmometer로 측정하여 판정하였으며 30일 째 거퇴관절을 취하여 4% paraformaldehyde에 고정하고 EDTA용액에서 탈회시켜 파라핀연속 절편을 얻어 $NF-{\kappa}B$를 비롯한 5종의 염증관련 단백질의 발현을 면역조직화학적으로 살펴보았다. 결과 : 관절연골내 면역반응 중 연골기질은 반응이 없거나 약하고 연골세포는 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65,\;I-{\kappa}B{\alpha},\;iNOS$반응이 강하며 특히 유리연골층에서 더 현저하였으나 염증 및 전침자극에 따른 변화는 없었다. 관절낭에서 면역반응을 살펴보면 염증유발시 활액세포의 면역반응세포는 $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$가 감소한 반면 iNOS, $IL-1{\beta}$는 증가하며 특히 iNOS 증가가 현저하였으며 전침자극에 의해 iNOS가 감소하였다. 활액막조직에서 모든 면역반응이 증가하며 특히 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65,\;I-{\kappa}B{\alpha},\;iNOS$ 반응이 현저한데 전침자극에 의해 $IL-1{\beta}$를 제외한 모든 반응이 감소하였다. 결론 : 만성 염증성 동물모델의 거퇴관절 내 염증관련 단백질은 관절연골보다 관절낭에서 큰 변화를 보이며 전침처치에 의해 이들 단백질 발현이 억제되는 것으로 보아 전침이 만성 염증성 질환에 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2002

Osteochondroma is a benign lesion of osseous and cartilagenous origin. It is a relatively common benign tumor of the skeleton, occurring most often in the metaphyseal region of long bone. However, it is rare in the facial bones. Reported foci in the mandible were the condyle, coronoid process, and symphysis region. Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon benign condition of unknown etiology which affects the articular joints. Foci of cartilage develop through metaplasia in the underlying connective tissue of the synovial membrane. These cartilagenous foci and fragments may undergo calcification and ossification. We experienced 4 patients with abnormal appearance of mandibular condyle. This report describes 3 cases of osteocondroma and 1 case of synovial chondromatosis of the mandibular condyle with review of the literature.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2008

목적 : 만성 염증성 질환에 대한 전침효과를 알아보기 위해 complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) 유발 관절염 모델의 거퇴 관절 내 염증관련 단백질 및 복합당질의 변화를 살펴보았다. 방법 : Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐의 족부에 CFA를 주사한 다음 3일 간격으로 2Hz, 15Hz 및 120Hz 전침자극을 주며 부종 형성여부를 plethysmometer로 측정하여 판정하였으며 30일째 거퇴관절을 취하여 4% paraformaldehyde에 고정하고 EDTA용액에서 탈회시켜 파라핀연속 절편을 얻어 $NF-{\kappa}B$를 비롯한 5종의 염증관련 단백질의 발현 및 복합당질 변화를 살펴보았다. 결과 : 관절연골 내 면역반응 중 연골기질은 반응이 없거나 약하고 연골세포는 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65$, $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, iNOS 반응이 강하며 특히 유리연골층에서 더 현저하였으나 염증 및 전침자극에 따른 변화는 없었다. 관절낭에서 면역반응을 살펴보면 염증유발시 활액세포의 면역반응세포는 $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$가 감소한 반면 iNOS, $IL-1{\beta}$는 증가하며 특히 iNOS 증가가 현저하였으며 전침자극에 의해 iNOS 가 감소하였다. 활액막조직에서 모든 면역반응이 증가하며 특히 $NF-{\kappa}Bp65$, $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, iNOS 반응이 현저한데 전침자극에 의해 $IL-1{\beta}$를 제외한 모든 반응이 감소하였다. 복합당질 염색성은 CFA를 주사한 염증유발 흰쥐군이 정상군에 비해 감소하였다. 관절연골 중 구역간질의 중성복합당질 및 연골세포피막의 산성복합당질이 현저히 감소하였다 Lectin반응도 DBA을 제외한 모든 발현이 염증유발시 감소하였다. 그러나 전침처리에 의해 정상군과 유사한 염색성과 lectin반응을 유지하였다. 특히 구역간질의 중성복합당질과 연골세포의 sWGA와 RCA-1 반응이 현저하였다. 결론 : 만성 염증성 동물모델의 거퇴 관절 내 염증관련 단백질은 관절연골보다 관절낭에서, 복합당질의 변화는 관절연골에서 큰 변화를 보였으며 전침의 자극에 의해 이들 변화가 억제되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과로 보아 전침처치는 염증관련 단백질 발현 및 복합당질의 변화 억제를 통해 만성 관절염 질환에 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

The authors reviewed and analyzed the pathologically confirmed 230 cases of benign soft tissue tumors which had been treated at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine from February 1984 to November 1997. The following results were obtained. 1. The most common benign soft tissue tumors was ganglion(26.5%) followed by hemangioma(19.6%), lipoma(17.0%), Baker's cyst(13.0%) and neurilemmoma(7.0%) in decreasing order of incidence. 2. Benign soft tissue tumors were found evenly distributed over all age group. Hemangioma and lymphangioma were usually found to occur before 20 years old. 3. Female was affected about 1.3 times more common. But, Baker's cyst and neurilemmoma occurred most frequently in male. 4. In children, the most common benign soft tissue tumors was hemangioma followed by ganglion, lymphangioma, and lipoma. In adult, ganglion, lipoma, Baker's cyst, hemangioma were common. 5. The lower extremity was the predominant site of occurrence(60.0%). 6. Benign soft tissue tumors were taken by excision. Local recurrences were developed in 22(9.6%) out of 230 cases, especially in hemangioma.