• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Forest harvest as large scale artificial disturbance makes edge environment in both clear-cutted and forested habitat. To clarify the development and recovery process of forest edge after disturbances is essential to understand vegetation responses and landscape level consequences such as edge-distance. In Korea, after clear-cutting, edge-related changes of environment and vegetation was not clarified yet. In Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) forest, by applying space-for-time approach (sites with undisturbed and 1, 3, 10, 16 yr after cutting), the edge-related change of plant abundance and abiotic factors were determined for 20 line-transect (60 m) and 340 ($1m{\times}5m$) quadrats, and clarified depth and duration of the disturbance. Immediately after edge formation, within 15m form the edge, biotic and abiotic factors such as cover, richness, canopy openness, temperature and moisture content exhibited larger changes compared to forest interior. Plant abundance and abiotic variables were stabilized at the level of forest inside within 16 yr and 10 yr after edge creation, respectively. Woody (tree and shrub) species generally was showed larger increment with proximity to edge than did herb or graminoid species. In addition, negative interactions between woody and herbaceous species were detected during the period of forest edge closure. Our results suggested that depth of forest edge formed by clear-cutting of Korean red pine forest was at least from 15 m to 20 m and edge effect were likely sustained more than 16 years. As the first empirical study on edge-distance between two contrast habitats of clear-cutted and adjacent forest in South Korea, the analytical reality on landscape structure and habitat patches can be improved.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.3
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• pp.147-156
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• 2011

This paper proposes a 3-stage (preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification) fault detection and classification algorithm for induction motors. In the first stage, a low-pass filter is used to remove noise components in the fault signal. In the second stage, a discrete cosine transform (DCT) and a statistical method are used to extract features of the fault signal. Finally, a back propagation neural network (BPNN) method is applied to classify the fault signal. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we used one second long normal/abnormal vibration signals of an induction motor sampled at 8kHz. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm achieves about 100% accuracy in fault classification, and it provides 50% improved accuracy when compared to the existing fault detection algorithm using a cross-covariance method. In a real-world data acquisition environment, unnecessary noise components are usually included to the real signal. Thus, we conducted an additional simulation to evaluate how well the proposed algorithm classifies the fault signals in a circumstance where a white Gaussian noise is inserted into the fault signals. The simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm achieves over 98% accuracy in fault classification. Moreover, we developed a testbed system including a TI's DSP (digital signal processor) to implement and verify the functionality of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.240-258
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• 2020

The advances in science technology brought about a new form of learning called flipped-learning: a combination of on-line and off-line learning. A flipped learning is a form of blended learning which has become quite popular, nowadays, in the field of education. Despite the emphasis on the importance of medical humanities in medical education program, there are no effective teaching and learning models to realize the purpose of medical humanities education. This study explores the possibility of flipped-learning to apply medical humanities classes. The class was designed based on the ADDIE model consisting of five stages, analysis - design - development - execution - evaluation. In order to do 'flipped-learning,' the instructor reconstructs the purpose of medical humanities education, instructional purpose and content, and analyzed learner. The contents of the medical humanities class were structured considering the purpose of the introduction to the medical humanities in the medical education program and the competencies that medical personnel should have in the developed health care environment. The instructor produces a video of the lecture and makes it possible to use LMS (Learning Management System) before and after classes, and conducts discussion activities so that learner-learner and learner-teacher interaction could actively occur during the class. The result of applying medical humanities lesson as flipped learning is as follows: First, it can realize the essence of medical humanities education. Second, it contributes to strengthening the competencies of health care provider. Third, flip learning can be used as a new teaching strategy for medical humanities education. The result of this study is expected to suggest new ways of introduction to teaching method in the traditional medical humanities class and contribute to the practice of designing and doing flipped learning of medical humanities class in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.714-720
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• 2012

To evaluate the antibiotic risk of $Enterococcus$ in fermented soy paste, $Enterococcus$ spp. were isolated and identified from 31 $Cheongkukjang$ and 17 $Doenjang$, samples. Exactly 123 $Enterococcus$ spp., 119 from $Cheongkukjang$ and four from $Doenjang$, were ultimately isolated. The most frequently collected $Enterococcus$ isolates in $Cheongkukjang$ were 69 strains of $E.$ $faecium$ and 20 strains of $E.$ $faecalis$. All four $Enterococcus$ spp. from $Deonjang$ were identified as $E.$ $faecium$. All isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, penicillin, and tetracyclin $E.$ However, they showed broad spectra from sensitivity to resistance to erythromycin, ripampin, and streptomycin. Vancomycin minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of $Enterococcus$ spp. from $Cheongkukjang$ ranged from 0.25 to 8 ${\mu}g/mL$. Almost all strains were sensitive to vancomycin, but eight strains showed intermediate resistance to vancomycin. Seventeen strains showing the highest MIC of 8 ${\mu}g/mL$ among all isolates were evenly distributed among $E.$ $faecalis$, $E.$ $faecium$, $E.$ $gallinarum$, and $E.$ $casselifalvus$, in which the strong resistant genes of $van$A and $van$B for vancomycin were not detected. Overall antibiotic resistance of $Enterococcus$ isolates was relatively low and particularly low vancomycin resistance was similar to those of $Enterococcus$ isolates obtained from other foods. Therefore, the antibiotics resistance of $Enterococcus$ and especially vancomycin-resistant $Enterococcus$ spp. from $Cheongkukjang$ and $Doenjang$, is not hazardous.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.45-74
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• 2014

We can anticipate that animations will form one of the axes and lead popular culture in our future visual age. Recently, research has been actively conducted, but it mainly focuses on their value in culture industry or technologies and methods of producing animations. Of course, research that deals with animation characters has constantly come out. This study focuses on the 'formative elements' of 3D animation characters and attempts differentiation from other research by inducing new logic theoretically. Being freed from the research on characters that has been merely focused on theoretical grounds, this study intends to figure out how audience that is consumers who actually get to watch and feel animations recognizes them and find out related problems and also solutions for them. In particular, this study intends to examine the formative characteristics of 3D animation characters with the characters appearing in , one of the animations that have achieved artistic value as well as commercial success. And for that, the study conducted not only literature review but various surveys and Delphi method as well. Also, the researcher devised an analysis frame to evaluate the formative elements through in-depth discussion with experts. And with this, the study created the forms such as the Elements of Form, Formation Methods of Form and Visual Recognition Elements of Form, examined how audience recognized 3D characters. The process of recognizing an image is influenced by socio-cultural environment or sex, age, and the level of knowledge differently. This was meant to investigate current visual culture and the public's perspective through characters in that represent the visual mode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 간단한 조작을 통하여 작물의 특성에 따라 진동방향을 조절 가능하게 함으로써 물리적 성질이 서로 다른 감자, 고구마, 마늘, 양파, 생강 등 거의 모든 뿌리작물의 수확에 이용할 수 있는 다목적 굴취기를 기구학적으로 설계하고, 뿌리작물 굴취기의 성능에 영향을 미치는 진폭, 진동수, 작업속도를 변화시킬 때 각각의 조합에 있어서 굴취판상의 특정한 점들의 운동궤적을 분석하고 이에 기초하여 굴취기의 설계변수와 작업에서의 설정변수 를 결정하고자 하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 작업위치에 따라 굴취판 뒷부분(선별부)의 진동방향 조절이 가능하기 때문에 진동방향을 조절하면 물리적 성질이 서로 다른 감자, 고구마 마늘, 양파 등 거의 모든 뿌리작물의 수확에 이용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 2) 굴취판의 궤적분석결과 진폭이 3mm일 때에는 캠 축의 회전속도와 작업속도에 관계없이 굴취작업이 불가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 진폭이 6mm일 때에는 작업속도 1.08km/hr에서 캠 축의 회전속도가 841rpm 이상이면 굴취작업이 가능할 것으로 판단되었고, 작업속도 2.16km/hr이상에는 굴취작업이 불가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 진폭이 9mm일 때에는 작업속도 1.08km/hr에서 작업할 때 사용한 캠축의 회전속도에 관계없이 굴취작업이 모두 잘 이루질 것으로 판단되었고, 작업속도 2.16km/hr에서는 캠축의 회전속도가 995rpm 일 경우에만 굴취작업이 가능할 것으로 판단되었으며, 작업속도 3.24km/hr에서는 작업위치나 캠축의 회전속도에 관계없이 모두 굴취작업이 불가능한 것으로 사료된다. 3) 작업속도를 1.08km/hr 이상으로 하려면 소요동력의 관점에서 볼 때 진폭은 크게하고 진동수는 작게 하는 것이 유리하기 때문에 진폭을 9mm이상 취하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다.회로 가장 많이 발생하였으며, 다음으로 밀양과 나주지역이 29회, 김제지역이 28회 등으로 많은 발생빈도를 보였다.생시 진화방법의 개발 등에 대한 기본data로서의 역할을 충분히 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 평가되었다.us에 대하여 높은 것으로 나타났다.bangular에서 subrounded에 해당한다. 이러한 현저한 차이를 보이는 이유는 남극적 빙하성 환경 조건과 이 지역의 해양 퇴적학적 특성에 그 원인이 있다고 해석된다.ea. Our ancestors really began to drink teas from the period of Unified Sila on. This country turning to the Koryo dynasty, tea drinking manner began to prevail so much that drinking tea became a ceremony. Daring the Yi dynasty it was much camplicated to make and boil the leaf tea. As a result of the previous fact pure tea came to have disappeared and odorous pharmaceutical became prevailent. 7) For value of exploiting Kungjuk tea (ginger tea seasoned with phyllostachy and addition of honeyl) was the highest among many. The worth of developing all the teas among all the beverages was regarded as that high of 51%, while even the tea regarded as worthless obtai

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2012

It has been studied to support data having multiple properties, called Skyline Query. The skyline query is not exploring data having all properties but only meaningful data, when we retrieve informations in large data base. The skyline query can be used to provide some information about various environments and situations in sensor network. However, the legacy skyline query has a problem that increases the number of comparisons as the number of sensors are increasing in multi-dimensional data. Also important values are often omitted. Therefore, we propose a new method to reduce the complexity of comparison where the large number of sensors are placed. To reduce the complexity, we transfer a CMF(Category Based Member Function) which can identify preference of specific data when interest query from sync-node is transferred to sub-node. To show the validity of our method, we analyzed the performance by simulations. As a result, it showed that the time complexity was reduced when we retrieved information in multiple sensing data and omitted values are detected by great dominance Skyline.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2009

In wireless sensor networks, various schemes have been proposed to store and process sensed data efficiently. A Data-Centric Storage(DCS) scheme assigns distributed data regions to sensors and stores sensed data to the sensor which is responsible for the data region overlapping the data. The DCS schemes have been proposed to reduce the communication cost for transmitting data and process exact queries and range queries efficiently. Recently, KDDCS that readjusts the distributed data regions dynamically to sensors based on K-D tree was proposed to overcome the storage hot-spots. However, the existing DCS schemes including KDDCS suffer from Query Hot-Spots that are formed if the query regions are not uniformly distributed. As a result, it causes reducing the life time of the sensor network. In this paper, we propose a new DCS scheme, called TPDCS(Time-Parameterized DCS), that avoids the problems of storage hot-spots and query hot-spots. To decentralize the skewed. data and queries, the data regions are assigned by a time dimension as well as data dimensions in our proposed scheme. Therefore, TPDCS extends the life time of sensor networks. It is shown through various experiments that our scheme outperform the existing schemes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

Objectives: This research is part of a study to be conducted over five years starting from 2017 by the Ministry of Environment on the development of technologies to evaluate the impact of chemical accidents on the human body. Methods: For this research, a five-stage specific study method was developed. Results: In brief, the developed health risk assessment method can be summarized as follows. First, a health risk assessment system was built based on the guidelines set forth by the USA NRC/NAS. Second, based on the disease manifestation theory, the health risk assessment method was divided into 1) a carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on all carcinogens except non-genotoxic carcinogens and 2) a non-carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on noncarcinogens including non-genotoxic carcinogens. Third, the detailed contents of the health risk assessment method were developed in four stages(hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk determination) through theoretical consideration of the assessment of the level of health risk related to chemical exposure. Finally, a health risk assessment methodology, classified into stages to address acute, subacute/subchronic, and chronic conditions was developed after considering the physicochemical behavior of hazardous chemicals upon implementation of countermeasures after a chemical accident. Conclusions: A method to evaluate the health risks related to toxic chemicals generated by chemical accidents was developed. This study was performed with the purpose of developing a mathematical health risk assessment method to evaluate the health effects of exposure to hazardous chemicals upon implementation of emergency countermeasures after chemical accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.259-283
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• 2018

This research aims at understanding the differences between expert and general users' perceptions regarding publication preferences for Korean classics collations and translations in order to formulate future directions for these materials. For this purpose, an overview of changes in publishing in general as well as current status of collation/translation of Korean classics in particular are being identified. An online questionnaire was carried out in order to collect data regarding perceptions and preferences of expert users and general users of Korean classics. The results are based on the analyses of more than 1,000 responses. The analyses show that electronic books will not completely replace printed books and publishing both electronic and printed books in tandem for the time being is most preferable in order to satisfy varying user needs. Statistical analysis shows differences in terms of use value, value from possession, and readability of electronic and printed books in the two groups of users. However, as for the value of preservation by relevant institutions, there was a statistical difference between two groups towards printed books unlike their electronic equivalents. The research shows strong preference towards printed forms of classics collations and translations for the purpose of scholarly research and translation. Actual usage statistics reveal much heavy use of online database of classics translations compared to the use of available electronic books. For future publishing decisions for classics collations and translations will need to take into consideration of their special characteristics and symbolic nature. Proper representation of these materials into electronic format would require a standardized platform that enable various uses in different environments.