• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.29-48
• /
• 2000

사이버 경제활동을 규율하는 법 규범은 현실세계에서의 경우보다 많은 한계점올 안고 있다. 본 연구는 사이버 경제활동에 적용되는 법제의 효과적인 정착을 위해 라이프 사이클 단축 및 생산성이라는 두 가지 문제의 측면에서 그 배경 및 문제점들을 거시적으로 검토 분석한 것이다. 이로써 한국경제시스템이 사이버 환경에 원활하게 적응할 수 있도록 일익을 주는 데에 연구목적을 둔다. 논의의 결과 각 경제주체들이 사이버 경제활동을 수행함에 있어서 신뢰성 제고 및 안전성 확보의 여부가 향후 사이버 경제활동을 견고히 할 법제 마련에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 특히 법률이란 시대적 흐름이나 기술발전에 뒤떨어지는 것이 일반적 현실임을 고려하여, 상이한 법률환경을 가진 사이버 공간에 적합한 법제를 마련 정착함으로써 이익극대화를 도모해 나가야 할 것이다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.397-425
• /
• 2003

This paper develops a simple theoretical model that is consistent with the empirical evidence of an inverted U-shpated relationship between pollution and per capita income, which is so-called environmental Kuznets curve in this literature. Also, by incorporating the issue of environmental externality into an endogenous growth model, I investigate the circumstances under which growth can be sustained with the optimal control of pollution, and hence the sustainable development can be achieved. In order to study the problem of implementing the social optimum in a market economy, I examine the optimality of three different kinds of environmental policy instruments; pollution tax, pollution-permit trading system (pollution voucher), and direct regulation. This paper shows that the optimum can be implemented with a pollution tax or with a voucher system. Also, it is shown that the socially optimal rate of pollution tax should increase proportionally to the growth rate of consumption.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2007

This study aims to provide useful information when making a decision for the environmental and economic efficiency assessment of infrastructure, based on Life Cycle Assessment(LCA). It estimates environmental cost on environmental pollutants that are possible to happen by locations and by types of emergency spillway for korean multipurpose dam, which is selected as a study case. For this purpose, this study examines the theories of LCA and Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) and suggests an analysis model of environmental cost. To apply the suggested analysis model of environmental cost for infrastructure to the case study of emergency spillway at the multipurpose dam, this study calculates environmental load on environmental pollutants that generate during life cycle, converts it to a cost to predict environmental cost, evaluates environmental economy of emergency spillway by the estimated result, and draws the optimum alternative that is environmental-friendly and economic.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.482-482
• /
• 2017

기후변화로 인하여 가뭄 또는 홍수 등의 유역 수자원 피해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있기 때문에 이에 대응하기 위한 예측 및 적응방안 마련이 시급하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유역의 물이용 취약성을 평가하고자 하였으며, 평가 지표는 취약성 정의에 따라 노출, 민감도, 적응능력으로 구성하였다. 일반적으로 미래 시나리오 적용 시 기후변화 요소는 고려하고 있으나 사회경제적 요소는 거의 반영되지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 강수 패턴의 변화를 반영한 기후변화 시나리오와 인구, 경제, 토지이용변화에 대한 사회경제 시나리오의 적용가능성을 고려하여 지표를 선정하였다. 이후 물이용 취약성의 정량적 평가를 위하여 다기준 의사결정기법(Multi-Criteria Decision Making)인 TOPSIS(Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) 기법을 활용하여 취약성을 지수화하였다. 자료는 국가 통계 및 관측 자료와 각 시나리오를 통해 수집하였고, 유출량 등의 모의 자료는 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형의 결과를 활용하였다. 타 유역에 비하여 기후변화 및 사회경제적 요소에 대한 영향이 큰 한강유역에 대하여 중권역별 물이용 취약성 순위를 도출하였다. 이를 통하여 기후변화 및 사회경제 시나리오를 적용한 물이용 취약성을 평가하고, 각 시나리오의 상대적 중요성을 분석하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.347-355
• /
• 2014

In this research, we analyzed the effect of environmental friendliness on consumer's purchase intention with an energy saving product. We found that the economic benefit, easy to use and environmental friendliness have significant positive(+) effects on environmental friendliness of the energy saving product. We also found that the effects of economic benefit and environmental friendliness differ by the level of consumer's environmental consciousness. Consumers with high level of the environmental consciousness are less sensitive on the change of the economic benefit and more sensitive on the change of the environmental friendliness than consumers with low level of the environmental consciousness. The results of this research imply that when planning a marketing strategy for an environmental friendly product it is important to emphasis the economic benefit to consumers with low level of the environmental consciousness while it is important to emphasis the environmental friendliness to consumers with high level of the environmental consciousness.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.201-229
• /
• 2019

This paper estimates the effects of generation mix changes in the $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ Basic Plan for Long-term Power Supply and Demand from two aspects: economic efficiency through electricity prices and environmental performance through $CO_2$ and air pollutants(NOx, SOx, PM) emissions. Particularly, we examined additional generation mix conversion paths that take into account the trade-off between economic efficiency and environmental performance through scenario analysis. According to our results, the conversion from the $7^{th}$ plan to the $8^{th}$ plan should increase the electricity prices in the mid- and long-term, while reducing GHG and air pollutants emissions at the same time. The alternative generation mix that combines $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ plans shows that there exists a path to mitigate the trade-off between economic and environmental in the long-term. It will be next to impossible to derive a optimal generation mix that simultaneously considers the core values, such as supply stability, environmental performance, economic efficiency, energy safety and energy security, when establishing the power supply and demand plan. However, by exploring the effects of various generation mix paths and suggesting near-optimal paths, people can best choose their direction after weighhing all the paths when deciding on a forward-looking generation mix in the long term.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2010

새만금사업, 신행정수도(행정중심복합도시, 세종시), 한반도 대운하사업(4대강 살리기사업) 등과 같은 대형국책사업은 대통령 선거공약으로 제시되었다. 그러한 대형국책사업이 국가의 이익을 위해 꼭 필요한 것으로 제시되었다 하더라도, 그 결과는 좋은 의도와는 다르게 나타날 수도 있다. 대통령 선거후 환경정책기본법과 환경영향평가법에 따라 대형국책사업에 대한 사전환경성검토(전략환경평가)와 환경영향평가가 이뤄졌지만, 예상하지 못했던 정치적, 사회경제적, 환경적 갈등이 발생하였다. 이러한 개발 및 환경 갈등의 원인은 여러 측면에서 찾을 수 있겠지만, 사회경제적 항목을 중심으로 하는 사회영향평가의 미흡을 그 원인으로 제시하는 연구가 많다. 대규모 국책사업을 둘러싼 개발 및 환경 갈등을 해소하기 위해, 우리나라와 외국의 사회영향평가의 현황과 연구 동향을 고찰하고, 국책사업의 주요 쟁점의 분석을 통하여 사회영향평가의 중요성과 필요성을 강조하였다. 그리고 사회영향평가의 도입, 강화, 지침 마련에 대해 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 현재의 사전환경성검토(전략환경평가)시에 사회적 통합, 경제적 측면(B/C분석, 비용, 고용 등), 법제적 측면, 한반도 통일이나 국가균형발전 등과 같은 사회경제적 항목을 평가항목에 추가함으로써 사회영향평가를 도입하고; 둘째, 환경영향평가 시에 공공시설, 교육, 교통, 문화재, 경제적 타당성, 고용, 토지이용을 현재의 사회경제평가항목에 추가시켜 사회영향평가를 보다 강화시키고; 셋째, 한국의 환경적, 정치적, 경제적, 사회적, 문화적 상황을 반영하여(사회영향평가의 원리와 지침(가칭))을 마련하도록 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.3-13
• /
• 2016

This study investigated the environmental and economical assessment for sewage sludge treatment options including biogasification, incineration, carbonization, drying, and solidification. Additionally it is also investigated the economical feasibility of the current guidelines (Digestion efficiency for organic waste = 45 %, Moisture content of sludge = 95 and 93 %) and it aimed to suggest the scientific informations for a policy-making. For the economical feasibility the 30 plants with anaerobic digestion treatment and the 17 plants without anaerobic digestion treatment were investigated. The result of the comparison of sewage sludge treatment options showed that anaerobic digestion+incineration was the most economically feasible considering incineration and drying. For smaller treatment capacity, solidification was the most economically feasible considering carbonization and solidification and anaerobic digestion+carbonization was the most economically feasible considering carbonization and solidification.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.515-529
• /
• 2003

This theoretical model makes three contributions to the study on economic growth and environment. First, emissions are generated during final goods production and technology accumulation. Second, this paper assumes that pollution is directly increasing with increase in final goods output or in consumption. Third, we use reproducible factors associated with labor and capital input in production function and assume constant return to scale in reproducible factors. From growth rate condition we derived, increases in reproducible factors, increases in productivity of either the abatment or technology sector, and decrease in social discount rate would increase the sustainable growth rate. In empirical test, the environmental degradation did not effect the economic growth rate though other factors satisfied the growth rate condition equation. However, through the reinterpretation of this result, we found indirectly the fact of that an inverted U relationship between air pollution and economic growth rate would exist in 20 OECD countries using a panel data for the period of 1986~1995.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
• /
• v.5 no.2 s.10
• /
• pp.33-53
• /
• 2003

This study presents the system to develop the web-based pro-environmental road planning and evaluation system in order to support the decision making for the land development. It was found that the proposed system can display the analysis result 3 dimensionally based on digital map and it can be applied to document development towards efficient operations.