• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

The aim of the study intends to investigate safety and health of injured firefighter in Gyeongbuk province and to provide the base data for the safety and health of firefighter. The results of the study are as follows. The injured firefighter are under more job stress than general's and the effect factor of stress are "lack of reward", "organizational system", "occupational climate" and "job insecurity". The injured firefighter receive more job stress than the average of korean man about "physical environment" and "occupational climate". The prevalence post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of injured firefighter using IES-R-K is 75 percent of the surveyed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.7 no.1 s.18
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• pp.10-18
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• 2003

Consequence model has been suggested to evaluate consequence of city gas accident considering actual situation. Through event tree analysis(ETA), probable accidents were summarized and listed. Then release rate was calculated both sonic and subsonic conditions. Among city gas accidents, fire damage is the dominant one and mainly discussed; fatality, burning injury, and damage to building were estimated using the consequence model suggested. With an appropriate conditions, calculating total cost by accident was suggested.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.24-31
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• 2009

The Environment of disaster has more complicated, diversified and unpredicted sides, which causes extensive damage to humankind. Above all, presently the climatic change causes worldwide disaster of nature like cataclysm, intense heat, drought, earthquake and hard winter. After 9.11, most of countries continuously try to protect their own compatriots' life and property which forms the social safety net as well. This research investigates the current system used by the firerenation which is the national disaster response agency.ict also suggests the unation whiih is the nasystem unationdisaster mthe nasys accundihg to tionld el of disaster like the constructe naof DB, disaster cycld repunt, analysis of danger, facilities ih is ation system, disaster media system, location search system, disaster damage collection system.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2020

This study aims to maintain the safety of an outdoor storage tank through the fundamental case analysis of explosion and fire accidents in the storage tank. We consider an accident caused by the explosion of fire inside the tank, as a result of the gradual spreading of the residual fire generated by wind lamps flying off a workplace in the storage tank yard. To determine the cause of the accident, atmospheric diffusion conditions were derived through CCTV image analysis, and the wind direction was analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. Additionally, the amount of oil vapor inside the tank when the floating roof was at the lowest position, and the behavior of the vapor inside the tank when the floating roof was at the highest position were investigated. If the cause of the explosion in the storage tank is identified and the level of the storage tank is maintained below the internal floating roof, dangerous liquid fills the storage tank, and the vapor in the space may stagnate on the internal floating roof. We intend to improve the operation procedure such that the level of the storage tank is not under the Pontoon support, as well as provide measures to prevent flames from entering the storage tank by installing a flame arrester in the open vent of the tank.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2002

Efficiency estimation of toxicity free resistance cable experiments were conducts to understand toxicity free fire ersistance polyolefin insulation material and smoke density characteristic and combustion gas corrosion analysis. A main cause of fire-growth and generating toxic gas when it burns, should be dealt with great care in life safety design. Similar patterned fire incidents such as, Inchon Live-Hof Pub Restaurant as, Sea-land Children Resort have proven that serious loss of lives were caused by hazardous gas generated fire resistance cable materials. In this paper, Referenced documents were ASTM E662 standard test method for specific Ds genalated by solid materials. The furnace control system shall maintain the required irradiance level under steady-state condition with the chamber door closed of 2.5$\pm40.04〔w/$\textrm{cm}^2$〕for 20 min. According to the results of the smoke density analysis of NFR-8 and FR-PVC the highest decomposition flaming smoke density range of NFR-8 and FR-PVC were 25.2 to 37.5 and 51.1 respectively. Nonflaming smoke density range of NFR-8 and FR-PVC were 100.4 to 112.2 and 126.5 to 398.8. Also, the fire gases was occurred carbon monoxide and decomposition than in polyolefin due to incomplete combustion of PVC which has high content of carbon in chemical compound.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2020

Purpose: When a disaster occurs, information is collected and sent indiscriminately to the disaster safety situation room, making it difficult to make quick and correct decisions. Therefore, in this study, both the field response team and the situation room attempted to derive the essential information elements for disaster management so that they can identify and respond optimally. Method: In this study, the actual disaster response process was first identified based on the case of large-scale fire disasters in multi-dense facilities. Afterwards, essential information on disaster management was obtained by analyzing the standard manual for large-scale fire crisis management in multi-dense facilities and the fire situation report form prepared at the time of disaster. Result: The Essential information on disaster management was divided into four stages: situation reception·reporting·transmission, total response·regional emergency rescue control group·regional disaster safety task force, operation stage of central emergency rescue control group·central disaster safety task force, and recovery stage. Since then, the information to be collected at each stage and the information relevant to core tasks are presented. Conclusion: The Essential information on disaster management thus obtained can serve as a guide for the person who collects information on site to collect information efficiently. In addition, it is expected that the situation room in charge of disaster response decision-making will receive only the information necessary for decision making, so that it is possible to make a quick situation decision and more efficient disaster situation management.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 2007

This study provides comprehensive design improvements covering technical issues concerning life safety matter In case of fire train stoppage in the middle of a tunnel. Recently Government announced that most of subway platforms will have screen doors in 3 years. Therefore, many fire safety engineers considered that they may contribute on life safety on train stoppage in tunnel. Especially The screen door can protect platform from smoke along tunnel ceiling when fire train stopped in tunnel. The study showed that platform ventilation ducts and the a tunnel ventilation chimney in the middle of tunnel in exiting subway tunnel could not guarantee life safety ability in terms of RSET vs. ASET comparison. Furthermore during evacuation process many peoples may be threatened from the smoke spread from the origin of fire. Although only additional vertical route can be installed in tunnels In order to decrease RSET, it will costs high or no spaces remains in outside on the road. The study suggested that increase of ASET can be best solution without additional escape route, therefore alternative design methods suggested on the base of simulation results. Finally the study shows alternative methods can give good result in terms of evacuation performance evaluation. The evacuation performance evaluation helps the decision-maker to determine the preferred alternatives or upgrades to existing tunnel infrastructure and other measure to meet safety objectives. Finally, the study details the effectiveness of measures the can be taken to reduce the risk of incidents in subway tunnels.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.273-282
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• 2023

Probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) has been widely used to evaluate the seismic risk of nuclear power plants (NPPs). However, studies on seismic PSA for process plants, such as gas plants, oil refineries, and chemical plants, have been scarce. This is because the major disasters to which these process plants are vulnerable include explosions, fires, and release (or dispersion) of toxic chemicals. However, seismic PSA is essential for the plants located in regions with significant earthquake risks. Seismic PSA entails probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), event tree analysis (ETA), fault tree analysis (FTA), and fragility analysis for the structures and essential equipment items. Among those analyses, ETA can depict the accident sequence for core damage, which is the worst disaster and top event concerning NPPs. However, there is no general top event with regard to process plants. Therefore, PSA cannot be directly applied to process plants. Moreover, there is a paucity of studies on developing fragility curves for various equipment. This paper introduces PSA for gas plants based on FTA, which is then transformed into Bayesian network, that is, a probabilistic graph model that can aid risk-informed decision-making. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a gas plant, and several decision-making cases are demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.16-21
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to conduct ETA on 15 components of power installations: the DS/LBS, LA, MOF, CT, PT, A/V meter, VCB, OCR, COS, PF, Transformer, Condenser(C), Grounding, Cable and Connector. To achieve that, power installations work flow and its components are categorized. Based on performance, human, environmental, management, and safety, this paper drew Initiation events (IE) and End states (ES). ETA is applied to the main functions of each component, and the end states that may occur in one initiation event are suggested. In addition, detailed classification was performed to induce various end states on the basis of the suggested initiation events. If the suggested IEs and ESs are applied on the basis of power installations event cases, it is expected to prevent the same kinds of accident and operate power installations safely.

• 방재와보험
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• s.116
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• pp.44-49
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• 2006

사람이 다르면 인정이 다르고, 인정이 다르면 민속도 달라지기 마련이다. 불을 어떻게 인식하고, 불을 어떤 방식으로 대했는가 하는, 민족 저마다의 민속행위를 주목하는 까닭이 바로 여기에 있다. 그러나 불은 본디부터 인간에게 종속되 것이 아니었고, 오히려 인간이 함부로 다가설 수 없는 변화무쌍한 변물이었다. 그렇기에 불을 '그 어떤 것' 으로 여기고 여기에 신성을 덧붙여 숭봉하는 태도는 모든 문화에 두루 나타나는 보편적인 현상이다. 아마도 불을 얻는 데 소요되었던 노력과 그 노력의 깊이에 따른 지혜의 축적이 그만큼 길었기 때문일까. 한편으로는 숭엄한 사건을 서술하는 신화(myth)로 기억되고, 한편으로는 굳건한 신앙의 대상으로 일상의 삶에 영향을 끼치면서 규범으로 자리잡고 있다. 이를테면 원초적인 신성을 지닌 존재로서 엄중한 신격으로 숭신되기도 하고, 특별한 의례로 해마다 반복되며 규범과 도덕률로 일상을 구속하고 있다. 일상에 가까이 있되 결코 범접할 수 없는 장엄인 것이다. 몽골 유목민의 경우도 예외는 아니다. 다만 그 양상과 의례의 세부 모습이 다를 따름이다.