• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.614-616
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• 2003

기존의 비디오 코딩에서는 연속된 프레임의 시간적인 상관성을 제거하기 위한 방법으로 이전 프레임의 정보를 이용하여 현재 프레임을 예측하는 움직임 예측기법을 많이 사용하고 있다. 정지 화상에 비해서 대용량의 특성을 지니는 비디오 데이터는 이런 움직임 예측을 통해서 대부분의 압축이 일어나게 된다. 하지만 움직임 예측기법은 않은 계산과정을 요구하므로, 전체적인 부호기 복잡도를 높이는 단점을 지닌다. 반면 30-WT는 움직임 예측을 하지 않으므로, 부호기의 복잡도를 줄일 수 있다. 하지만. 기존의 30-WT기법들은 부호화를 위한 메모리 요구사항과 복호를 위한 수신측의 지연시간이 가장 큰 단점으로 지적되었다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 메모리 요구사항과 수신측의 지연시간을 최소로 할 수 있는 효율적이고, 확장가능한 3D-WT 기법을 소개한다.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.199-209
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• 2000

This study improves the feature tracking method (FTM) in estimating the ocean current vectors from the sequential AVHRR satellite imageries by adding the objective algorithm in defining the edges and boundaries of the oceanic eddies and fronts. It was implemented by using the Sobel operator. The Sobel operator has been proved to be in effective filter in detecting the edges of any object on the image. In estimating the current vectors on the edges defined by the Sobel operator, center coordinates of the Pattern and Search tiles need to be determined by the investigator. The objective feature tracking method combined with maximum cross correlation method (MCC) is turned out to be very efficient and fast, since it uses only parts of the image containing the objects instead of searching the entire image. In the validation with the in situ ADCP measurements of currents in the East Sea, the estimated current speed values are around 35% lower than and current directions are deviated by $34^{\circ}$ from ADCP current vectors. The results are regarded as improved ones compared to the previous investigators'.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.184-184
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• 2001

캘린더령은 지펼의 표면을 평활하게 하고, 두께를 감소시켜 균일하게 하는 역할을 한다. 그러나 이는 필연적으로 불투명도와 같은 광학적 성질과 인장강도 등의 강도적 성질 의 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 캘린더링 공정변수인 온도, 압력, 속도 등이 종이의 물성에 미 치는 영향을 정확하게 파악하는 것은 캘린더령에 따라 발생할 수 있는 물성 저하를 최소화 하기 위해 필수적으로 요청된다. 본 연구에서는 최근들어 저평량화에 대한 관심이 증가하면 서 그 중요성이 더해지고 있는 불투명도가 캘린더링에 따라 변화되는 양상을 분석하기 위해 서 화상분석 기법을 이용하여 종이의 두께방향 밀도 변이를 평가하고 밀도변이와 불투명도 와의 상관관계를 해석코자 하였다. 또 캘린더링에 따른 불투명도를 저하를 최소화시키기 위 한 캘린더링 조건을 모색하였다. 캘린더링에 의해 발생하는 종이의 두께 변형은 두께방향의 위치에 따라 다르게 나 타난다. 이러한 종이의 두께 방향으로 발생하는 밀도 변이와 이에 따른 불투명도 변화를 평 가하기 위하여 동일한 평량의 종이를 캘린더령 조건을 달리하여 두께방향 밀도변이가 다른 시편을 준비하고 두께 방향 단면을 SEM으로 촬영하였다. 이후 화상분석기를 통해 단면을 이치화하고, 각 픽셀의 흑백 값을 구해 CD방향으로 평균을 내어 두께 방향에 대한 밀도 변 이를 평가하였다. 그 결과 압력보다는 온도를 높여 캘린더링한 경우 종이의 두께 방향 밀도 경사가 커진다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 고온에 의해 표층이 고밀화되고 상대적으 로 내부가 별크해졌기 때문이다. 이러한 밀도 변이가 종이의 광학적 성질인 불투명도에 미 치는 영향을 구명하기 위해서 캘린더링 전후에 두께 및 불투명도를 측정하여 5% 유의수준 에서 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 밀도경사를 지닌 종이의 불투명도를 이론적으로 해석하기 위해 다층 모델을 가정하 고 각 층의 비광산란계수(5)와 비광흡수계수(k)를 달리 부여하고 Kubelka-Munk 이론을 근 거로 하여 이론적 불투명도를 계산하였다. 불투명도에 대한 분석를 통해 동일한 두께 변형 을 가지는 샘플에 대해서 압력보다는 온도를 증가시켜 두께를 감소시키는 캘린더링 처리가 불투명도의 저하를 최소화한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.581-588
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• 2014

The inlet/outlet flow in the tube-side of the shell and tube heat exchanger was experimentally measured to investigate the effect of the porous baffle on uniform flow distribution. A 1/3rd scale-downed model of a heat exchanger was used and particle image velocimetry was applied for measuring the instantaneous velocity vector fields. The absolute errors in the flow rate were calculated and compared for the tube-side with and without the porous baffle, by varying the flow rate from 60 to 90 LPM. The results revealed that the porous baffle can improve flow uniformity and reduce the absolute error in the flow rate of the model with the baffle by about 74%, compared to that without the baffle. This result can be used for improving the performance and design of the shell and tube heat exchanger.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2009

The present study investigates the behaviour of overtopping flows falling on the leeside of a caisson breakwater with dissipating blocks through laboratory measurements. The falling overtopping flows in the leeside are expected to directly affect the leeside stability of the breakwater. This study focuses on not the resultant stability but the characteristic pattern of the overtopping flows depending on wave conditions through examining front velocity and plunging distance in the leeside. Regular waves were used to investigate the dependence of the overtopping flow pattern on wave conditions and a modified image velocimetry combining the shadowgraphy and cross-correlation method was employed for measurements of image and velocity. From the measurements, it is shown that the plunging distance and front velocity of the overtopping flow in the breakwater leeside increase as the wave period or height increases. From non-dimensional relationships between the variables, empirical formula for the velocity and overtopping distance are suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.211-221
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• 1998

A digital image processing technique which is able to get the velocity vector distribution of a surface of the spilled oil in the ocean without contacting the flow itself. This technique is based upon the PIV(Particle Imaging Velocimetry) technique and its system mainly consists of a high sensitive camera, a CCD camera, an image grabber, and a host computer in which an image processing algorithm is adopted for velocity vector acquisition. For the acquisition of the advective velocity vector of floating matters on the ocean, a new multi-frame tracking algorithm is proposed, and for the acquisition of the diffusion velocity vector distribution of the spilt oil onto the water surface, a high sensitive gray-level cross-correlation algorithm is proposed.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.291-302
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• 1998

A digital image processing technique which is able to be used for getting the velocity vector distribution of a surface of the spilt oil in the ocean without contacting the flow itself. This technique is based upon the PIV(Particle Imaging Velocimetry) technique and its system mainly consists of a high sensitive camera, a CCD camera, an image grabber, and a host computer in which an image processing algorithm is adopted for velocity vector acquisition. For the acquisition of the advective velocity vector of floating matters on the ocean, a new multi-frame tracking algorithm is proposed, and for the acquisition of the diffusion velocity vector distribution of the spilt oil onto the water surface, a high sensitive gray-level cross-correlation algorithm is proposed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.105-117
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• 1998

The main object of this study was to prove the effectiveness of satellite Image data for extraction of the pine needle gall midge damaged area in the part of Kangwon-do area, and to present the detailed procedure of a digital image processing for extraction of those damaged area. The effectiveness of extraction of damaged area was improved by using the BRCT(Backwards Radiance Correction Transformation) with DEM for the normalization of topographic effects. The topographic surface analysis of the extracted damaged area revealed that the general damaged area was at south-west and south-east aspect with the slope of 31 to 38 degrees, the temperature of 21 to 25, and 23% to 39% of the highest altitude mountains. The new damaged area in which expanded area was at 27 to 30 degree of slope, the aspect of 46 to 180 degrees, the temperature of $11^{\circ}C\;to\;12^{\circ}C$ and 27% to 39% of the highest altitude mountains. The NDI(New Damaged Index) was developed using the environment factor and simple vegetation index.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.708-717
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• 2017

Tracking of sound-location is widely used in various area such as intelligent CCTV, video conference and voice commander. In this paper we introduce the real-time sound-location tracking method for smart lecture system using TDoA(Time Difference of Arrival) with orthogonal microphone array on the ceiling. Through discussion on some models of TDoA detection, cross correlation method using linear microphone array is proposed. Orthogonal array with 5 microphone could detect omni direction of sound-location. For real-time detection we adopt the threshold of received energy for eliminating no-voice interval, signed cross correlation for reducing computational complexity. The detected azimuth angles are processed using median filter for lowering the angle deviation. The proposed system is implemented with high performance MCU of TMS320F379D and MEMs microphone module and shows the accuracy of 0.5 and 6.5 in degree for white noise and lectured voice, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.535-543
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• 2015

Measurements of multiphase flows containing bubbles have been limited because most existing methods target one phase flows. Especially, multiphase flows with a high void ratio have been rarely successful in measurements due to the sudden change of density and thick interfaces between air and water. This study introduces two methods that are capable of measuring flow fields regardless of bubble void ratio, named bubble image velocimetry and bundle fiber optic flow meter. The calculation of the depth of field is suggested to reduce and estimate errors by perspective image velocimetry. The bundle fiber optic flow meter is designed to increase a measurement rate using many optical fibers with a thin diameter. The two methods measured bubble plumes to test reliability and the velocity measurements show good agreement. In addition a hydraulic jump, one of the multiple flows in rivers was measured to test applicability of the methods.