• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.91
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• pp.94-96
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• 2011

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.87
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• pp.96-97
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• 2010

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.255-259
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• 2009

The origin of "Fire" in Traditional Chinese Medicine is summed up based on observation and knowledge of natural fire, followed by abstract thinking, of which the outcomes are best symbolized in the character Fire[火]. Because it is an abstract concept, it is hard to give a single and strict definition. Naturally, it would be necessary to analyze and illustrate the origin of 'Fire' from different angles such as broad definition, multi-definition, levels, classifications and effects. The concept of 'Fire' has four meanings in the aspect of the broad definition: first, natural fire; second, the physiological conception of fire; third, the medical conception of fire; fourth, general concept related to fire. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, fire mainly indicates physiologic fire, pathological fire, the fire in the six kinds of natural climate and the fire as one of the properties and the flavors of herbs.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 1992

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.183-200
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• 1997

I got the following result from the bibliographic study about the meaning of Hwa(火) and Hwa- byung(火病) at the concept and the aspect of pathological and etiological factors.The results are as follows.1. The pathological characteristics of Hwa(火) mean the inflammed state, the excited mental condition and perinervous hyperfunction caused by exopathy produced by any of the six extermal etiological factors(外感六淫) and Hwa caused by interior injury(內傷火熱).2. Hwa caused by the fire emotions(五志之火); anger, gladness, contemplation, sadress, fear by menta complications brings to Hwa caused by the five viscera(五臟之火) and Hwa caused by the stagnation of the liver - energy(肝鬱之火) is the rpresentive Hwa caused by the five viscera and the six hollow organs(贓腑之火).3. A symptom caused by a pathogenic Hwa(火證) is understood in a pathological sense involved an inflammed disease and is considered as a pathological state of excess syndrome(實證) caused by exterior Hwa( 外火).4. The pathologic process of Hwa-byung(火病) as the mental disease is based upon our people's emotion; Han(恨) to be pathologized without being overcome and can be considered as the process of Hwa caused by long-term(鬱久而火化).5. Hwa-byung(火病) means a psychosomatic disorder resulting from stress reaction caused by personal relations in the climacterium.Form the above mentioned study, the meaning of Hwa(火) and Hwa-byung(火病) is set theoretically and it also needs to be maintained reserching and studying about Hwa-byung(火病) consistantly.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2008

Research on moral judgment has been dominated by rational factor or moral emotion, in which moral judgment is thought to be caused by moral reasoning or moral intuitions. This research demonstrates that offender' anger can influence moral judgment. The study examined the role of offender's anger (control group versus anger group) on moral domain ( life, interpersonal ethic, traffic regulation: 6 case) : 2(groups) ×6(cases) mixed design. Participants were asked to judge the offender, case, sympathy and one's anger about the him or her who offended against the law or convention. Participants who perceived the offender's anger tended to assess questionnaire generous. In interpersonal ethic domain, participants have not been affected by anger. There was not significantly differences between two groups in interpersonal ethic domain. The results of experiment confirmed hypotheses that influence of anger varies with the moral domains affected a value system of culture. These findings indicate functional emotion for moral judgment and suggest people may be decide how much emotion is considered on moral judgment performance according to moral domains.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2005

Many researches have argued the most important dimension of perception or evaluation of person is morality and competence in Korean culture. This study was to investigate the cultural characteristics of the criteria of personhood. Two studies were conducted to investigate the criteria used to evaluate person by qualitative approach and the differences of evaluation of wrongdoer who violates interpersonal norm or individual autonomy by experimental method. In addition, anger as emotional response to wrongdoer is conceptualized in terms of moral and self-conscious emotion. Expression of anger is less an outpouring of emotion and more a culturally regulated and normative mode of managing and putting into practice our society's system of rights and obligations - its moral code. According to results of qualitative data by interview and focus group interview, the most important criteria used to evaluate personhood was interpersonal concern, esp, expectation and norm. The results of experiment revealed that violation of interpersonal norm domain evoked angrier towards violator than autonomy domain. The subjects ascribed more blame and responsibility to interpersonal norm violator than autonomy keeper. Also function of behavior inhibition of anger was higher in interpersonal norm domain than autonomy domain.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2014

Objective : The writer has come to see that a study of the Theory of Ministerial Fire of JuDanGae presupposes a study of earlier theories of fire. Therefore, I have analyzed and studied the theories of fire presented by medical doctors since "Nae Gyeong(黃帝內經)" Method : To begin with, I have studied the concepts of grand fire(壯火) and small fire(少火), imperial fire(君火) and ministerial fire(相火) in "Nae Gyeong", and have construed the meaning of human fire(人火) and dragon fire(龍火) by Wang Bing(王冰), and fatty fire(膏火) by Sohn Sa-mak(孫思邈). Next, I have studied true fire(眞火) by Huh Sook-mi(許叔微) and true yang(眞陽) and pit fire(坎火) by Eom Yong-hwa(嚴用和), Theory on Right Kidney as the Gate of Life and Ministeiral Fire(右腎命門相火說) by Yu Wan-so(劉完素), and the reason why Jang Wan-so(張元素) asserted Theory of Three Burners as Ministerial Fire(三焦相火說). Result : I have understood the influence that the concepts of grand fire and small fire, imperial fire and ministerial fire in "Nae Gyeong"have exercised on the later medical doctors, and have also understood the physiological and pathological Fire that influences the human body. Moreover, I have seen that Fire, as discussed by scholars from Huh Sook-mi and Eom Yong-hwa to Yu Wan-so and Jang Wan-so, made great contribution to the later development of Theory of the Gate of Life, getting its entire picture in Eum Hwa. Conclusion : Seeing that the theories of Fire presented by medical doctors since "Nae Gyeong" and prior to JuDan-Gae had great influence on the later development of Theory of the Gate of Life, I have come to understand that along with Eum Hwa by Lee Dong-wan, they must precede a study of the Theory of Ministerial Fire of JuDan-Gae.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-25
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• 2004

Behavioral characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders among children.child psyachiatry. Inattention, Hyperactivity that is done by hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction is major sypmton in ADHD, But etiology and pathological facor of ADHD is very much or unkown.. We brought to about a Study on the Oriental - medical pathologic Understanding about Inattention, Hyperactivity symptom in ADHD within Don yui bo gam Book are as follows. 1. Oriental medical pathologic concepts about Inattention, Hyperactivity are continuous with process of Yang Qi(陽氣), an unbalance of qi(氣) and shen ming(神明), excess of seven emotions(七情), pathology of Huo(火). 2. Immanent factors in inattention, Hyperactivity are improper diet, overtiredness and seven emotions, are continuous with pathological process of the heart, liver, gall bladder, spleen, stomach, kidneys. 3. In oriental medicine, considered as a child's qi of shao yang, dynamic physiological feature, excess and want of yin and yang, organs and bowels, immanently imbalance in growth rather than a child's mental disorder 4. Inattention, looseness in ADHD-PI type are continuous with forgetfulness, improper overtiredness, shortage of qi, the interior heat syndrome due to yin deficiency within Don yui bo gam Book 5. Hyperactivity, impulsive actions in ADHD-C type are continuous with sudden palpitation, severe palpitation, delirium, fidgeting due to deficiency, fidgetiness, hyperactivity of huo due to yin deficiency, fever, febrile disease with accumulation of blood.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.3 s.30
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

음양오행설시한의학적기본원리(陰陽五行說是韓醫學的基本原理). 오행포괄목(五行包括木), 화(火), 토(土), 금(金), 수(水), 기상호간구유상생여상극적관계(其相互間具有相生與相克的關係), 인기유불급이보지(因其有不及而補之), 태과이억지적작용(太過而抑之的作用), 고상능유지평형(故常能維持平衡), 인체의차원리(人體依此原理), 역능불급이보지(亦能不及而補之), 태과이억지(太過而抑之). 재차문중주요연구(在此文中主要硏究), 화과성시유수래억제이조절평형적원리(火過盛時由水來抑制而調節平衡的原理). 오행중수배속어신(五行中水配屬於腎), 신주전신지수액(腎主全身之水液). 이신지수액(而腎之水液), 우분화위오종부동형태적오액(又分化爲五種不同形態的五液), 분별배속어오장(分別配屬於五臟). 인차(因此), 연구신수분화위부동형태지오액적과정화분별배속어오장적원리(硏究腎水分化爲不同形態之五液的過程和分別配屬於五臟的原理), 기능설명해제인체중과성적열이유지평형적도리(旣能說明解除人體中過盛的熱而維持平衡的道理).