• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.47.3-47.3
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• 2017

한국과 중국에는 오랜 천문 역사와 함께 많은 유물과 유적이 남아 있다. 한국은 삼국시대부터 천문학 전반에 걸쳐 중국 천문학의 영향을 받아왔다. 그러나 한국의 고대 천문학에 대한 연구가 부족한 탓에 역사시대 이전의 두 나라의 천문학 특징과 상호 교류에 대해서는 잘 알려지지 않았다. 다만, 청동기 시대 고인돌 덮개돌에 새겨진 별자리와 고구려 고분 벽화의 별자리와 삼국사기에 기록된 독자 천문 기록의 검증 등으로부터 고대부터 이어진 우리의 고유한 천문 지식과 문화에 대해 짐작할 수 있을 뿐이다. 한편, 중국은 고고천문 연구를 통해 중국 여러 지역에서 발굴된 천문유물과 유적의 내용과 특징을 밝히고 있다. 지금까지 알려진 중국의 고고천문 자료들은 역사시대 이전 고대의 문화 지역인 하모도문화(河姆渡文化), 앙소문화(仰韶文化), 대문구문화(大汶口文化) 그리고 홍산문화(紅山文化)와 하가점하층문화(夏家店下層文化) 지역을 중심으로 발견되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 문화지역에서 발견된 고고천문 자료를 지역별로 분류하여 그 특징을 살펴보고 한반도와 인접한 홍산문화와 하가점하층문화의 고고천문 유적을 중심으로 중국 다른 지역의 고고천문 유적과 비교하였다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.3-20
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• 2022

The origins of the world-recognized Korean gat can be traced back to Gojoseon, and the jades for the sangtu and gwanja come from Hongshan culture. This study examines the etymology of the hat, the symbolism of the gat and the jade comb, and the history of the development of the accessories for the hat. The research methods of literature review, investigation of relics and murals, and analysis of cases of pronunciation changes were used. Most of the relics excavated from the Hongshan are identical to those excavated from Korea. The Byun-Khan people wore a triangle-shaped conical hat (the byun), which was shaped to fit the protruding sangtu hairstyle, with a foldable brim that, if pulled downward, changed the hat to a gat. The Chu sangtu, a pointed top-knot hairstyle, is uniquely found among Northeast Asian peoples, and it is an ethnic symbol for Koreans. Until the modern period, many Koreans wore their hair in the sangtu style, indicating their descent from the sky. Jade combs shaped like birds and clouds from the Hongshan period emphasized the religious nature and ceremony of hair styling at that period. The word hat is widely used to refer to gat all over the world. The pronunciation of ㄱg, ㅎh. and ㅋq/kh are closely related to each other, and the ancient pronunciation ㄱg gradually evolved to ㅎh or ㅋq/kh. The English 'Hat' and Korean 'Gat' were transformed from the middle-ancient sound 'gasa > gosa > got' of the crown 'gwan, gokkal'. This creative hair style culture that started from the Hongshan culture continued to be fashionable during the Gojoseon Dangun period, and the decoration techniques for hats and accessories were inherited over time and continuously developed. Along with the method of making gat, creative hair-related parts, such as manggeons, donggot pins, gwanja buttons, and fine combs were developed over the course of a thousand years.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.71-92
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• 2023

This study investigates the symbolism and meaning of the bead design, its relationship with the Silla culture, and the conditions of glass bead manufacturing to verify the theory of Silla's production of Silla face-inlaid glass beads with excellent artistry and technology. The research method includes investigating the design analysis, ancient documents, myths, relics, glass, and metal production techniques. Moreover, Hongshan cultural relics and other cases of inlaid glass beads were collected. There are records in the literature that the people of Makhan, Buyeo and Silla of ancient Korea people considered beads as treasures and used them for accessories. It was confirmed that all the design elements of the bead-patterned hair topknot, golden crown, birds, and flower trees were closely related to the myth of Kim Al-ji of Silla, the oviparous tales and the sacred birds and divine beasts of the north. Moreover, the pattern and arrangements were found to be similar in other Silla relics. The origin of beads and face pendants was Hongsan culture, and a stone cast for beads was discovered in Bukpyo of Gojoseon, the lower-level culture of Hajiajeom. In addition, excavating inlaid glass beads from Sik-ri tombs of Korea and a face-inlaid glass bead from Toganmori tombs in Japan confirms the theory of Silla's production. The fact that the Baekje people of ancient Korea had a glass bead manufacturing office in Japan in the fifth centuries suggests that the Silla people also had a manufacturing plant in Java, Indonesia, because this place was a crossroads of Silla's Sea Silk Road and a source of raw materials and labors with a close relationship to Silla. Therefore, the face-inlaid glass bead was indeed self-made by Silla, who possessed the tradition of bead myths and hair topknot, and the high-level skills such as gold crowns and metal inlays.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.117-142
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• 2020

This study aims to look for the main transport road of the ancient Silk Road and to add to the hidden history of silk, where little is known about the weaving technology of the beautiful silk of GoJoseon. The research was through the analysis of relics of empirical data and analyzed the secondary data collected from books, papers, and photos of artifacts. The research questions are as follows: First, investigates the environment of silk production for GoJoseon KyungGeum and the correlation between ancient Silk Road and the East region. Second, examines the advanced weaving technology of KyungGeum in GoJoseon. The findings of the study are as follows: It is possible to infer the production period of silk in GoJoseon through jade silkworms from the Hongsan Dong-Yi culture of 4500 BC. KyungGeum pieces were excavated in Louran, Astana and Niya of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region and Noin-Ula of Mongolia, and the oldest KyungGeum was found in JoYang, one of the capitals of GoJoseon near Balhae Bay. KyungGeum was invented in the 11th century BCE here. It became the brocade and damask of the West, which were delivered through steppe road before the 5~6th century BCE. The production of KyungGeum was possible through the advanced loom which is GoJoseon's horizontal square 'Jewharu' loom combined with a high level of weaving skill. This can't be made through the slant loom of China nor vertical loom of the West Asia. Based on these results, it is suggested to continue the research on the history of ancient silkroad.