• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to select adaptability and forage production and quality of Pasture species at paddy field from 2007 to 2009 at Chungnam province. Among growth characters, 'Tall fescue' and 'Tall fescue mixture (Orchardgrass, Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Kentuck bluegrass, White clover)' were somewhat good for waterlogging, production and disease and insect resistance. Fresh yield of 'Tall fescue mixture' and 'Tall fescue' were the highest as 84,294 kg and 78,400 kg per ha among 6 species. The dry yield of 'Tall fescue mixture' and 'Tall fescue' were also the highest as 20,644 kg and 19,759 kg per ha. The result of this study showed that 'Tall fescue mixture' and 'Tall fescue' had good growth characters and forage productivity at paddy field in middle region of South Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2003

This pot experiment was conducted to find out the effects of slaked lime($L_{0}$ ; 0.00, $L_1$; 3.75, $L_2$; 7.50, $L_3$; 11.25ｇ/pot) and silicate fertilizers($S_1$; 3.75, $S_2$; 7.50, $S_3$; 11.25ｇ/pot) on the seedling growth and yield of grass/clover mired swards on newly reclaimed hilly soil, and it's differences between both the soil improvers. The results obtained are summarized as fellows: Comparing with the $L_{0}$ treatment without soil improver, the seedling vigour and yields of both forages were markedly enhanced by the application of soil improver. The positive offsets of soil improvers tended to be relative higher on ladino clover than orchardgrass in mixed swards. The seeding vigour, botanical composition, and yield of ladino clover were more markedly influenced by the application of silicate fertilizer than slaked line. The yields of ladino clover were increased 75.8% by the 51 over $L_1$, and 32.0% by the $S_2$ over $L_2$, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.82-87
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• 1989

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of 11 different application levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorous ($P_2O_5$) and potassium($K_2O$) fertilizer in late-autumn on the winter survival, early spring growth and dry matter(DM) yield, carbohydrate reserves (CHO-R) in stubble of grasses, and botanical composition in orchardgrass dominated existing pasture in Suwon from October, 1987 to May, 1988. Winter survival of grasses was high (ca. 90%) in all N-fertilized plots, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ application, and those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were low as 86.5% and 81.4%, respectively. Early spring growth was vigorous in N-fertilized plots. Heading rate at the fist harvest was 80-86% in all N plots, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$, while those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low as 61% and 56%, respectively. The DM yield of first harvest was higher in the plots of N 35 kg(Site B) and N 70kg $ha^{-1}$ (Site A), regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ level, and those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low (p < 0.05). But no significant difference of yield was observed between N 75 kg and N 105 kg. CHO-R in stubble and legumes were high in zero-N and zero-NPK plots, and low relationship was found between winter survival and CHO-R of grasses. Winter survival, early spring growth and DM yield were significantly influenced by N fertilizer. In this experiment, the optimum application level of N in late-autumn could be recommended in 35-70 kg $ha^{-1}$, and no beneficial effects were observed by $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ fertilizer.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2003

This pot experiment was conducted te find out the effects of kieserite application ($T_1$; control, $T_2$; standard amount of $N-P_2$$O_{5}$ $-K_2$0, $T_3$; $T_2$+ kieserite) on the seedling vigour and yield of pass/clover mixed swards on newly reclaimed hilly soil. The results obtained are summarized as follows: At the $T_1$ treatment the seedling vigour and yield of mixed forages were very poor, whereas they were remarkedly enhanced by the treatments of $T_2$ and $T_3$. Comparing with the $T_2$ treatment the forage yields were increased 3.1% in orchardgrass, 27.5% in ladino clover, and 12.8% in mixed forages by the application of kieserite($T_3$). In the grass-clover mixed swards, the application of kieserite more remarkedly influenced the seedling vigour, botanical composition, and yield of clover than those of grass.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1997

To find out the residual effect of phosphate fertilization on botanical composition, mineral contents and mineral nutrient deprivation of pasture plants, this experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with six treatments(0-0, 50-50, 100-65, 150-65, 200-65 and 250-65kg $P_2O_5$/ha), those were composed of three P,O, fertilization level(0, 50 and 65kg P,OJha) after phosphate fertilization trial with six treatments(0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250kg $P_2O_5$/ha) from 1989 to 1992, and conducted at hilly land in Kwangju, Kyonggi Province 60m 1993 to 1994. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The botanical composition of pasture plants without phosphate fertilization was very poor. With increasing available phosphate of soil, the percentage of grasses and legumes were remarkably increased and weeds was decreased. With 150-65kg $P_2O_5$/ha application for two years, the average DM yield was composed of 80.6% grasses, 15.4% legume and 4.0% weeds, the percentage was similar to that of 200-65kg $P_2O_5$/ha. As available phosphate of soil increase, P, K and Mg content of pasture plants were increased, but Ca/P ratio was lowed and the other mineral contents tended not to be regular. The mineral nutrient contents deprived by DM yield was increased as available phosphate of soil was increased, but those were not different between 150-65 and 250-65kg $P_2O_5$/ha. However, mineral nutrient of $P_2O_5$,$K_2O$ and MgO were higher in 200-65 and 250-65kg $P_2O_5$/ha. Most of applied mineral elements were accumulated at a subsurface(0-2.5cm) of grasslands, and mineral tended to be decrease than that of soil chemical analysis before the experiment of residual effect of phosphate fertilization.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2002

Hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth) which is legume fur winter cover crop can supply nitrogen for companion crop and soil. The purpose of this study was to improve the forage quality and productivity using forage crop and hairy vetch in winter season fer three years. The results of this experiments were summarized as follows. Plant height of rye was decreased but hairy vetch was increased. The heading stage of rye did not show difference among the treatments. The content of dry mater(DM) was decreased with increased ratio of hairy vetch/rye but it did not show significant difference between seeding methods. Crude protein(CP) content tended to increase in mixture plots. Acid detergent fiber(ADF) and NDF(neutral detergent fiber) content of mixture plots were lower than that of rye mono-cultivated. In vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and TDN(total digestible nutrient) content were showed inverted tendency. The highest DM yield was in rye mono-cultivated, but it was similar between mono-cultivated and mixture I (P<0.05). In the CP yield, it did not show the significant difference between rye mono-culture and mixture I . The content of total nitrogen in soil showed slight increase as 0.06∼0.08%. Conclusively, mixture I showed equal or superior productivity and quality comparing with rye mono-cultivated, mixture I would be recommended to produce higher yield and to conserve soil environment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2002

Rye-hairy vetch mixture would be recommended fur produce higher yield and conserving soil environment. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of planting and harvest dates on quality and productivity of rye-hairy vetch mixture. Plant height of rye and hairy vetch was increased with delayed harvest dates, but it found that there was on significant difference among seeding dates. The dry matter(DM) content was increased with delayed harvest dates, and it showed 30% DM in mid-May. Crude protein(CP) content was decreased sharply from 17~18% in heading stage to 9~10% in flowering stage. The content of ADF(Acid detergent fiber) and NDF(Neutral detergent fiber) were increased with delayed harvest date, but IVDMD(In vitro dry matter digestibility) and TDN(Total digestible nutrient) were decreased. The change of dry matter yield was affected significantly by harvest date but was not by seeding time. The results of this experiments indicated that harvest in late-April would be recommended to produce the highest yield and quality if it is considered to cultivate com fur silage. Harvest in mid-May would be recommendable with the cultivation of early maturity silage corn or sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrids.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.409-415
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• 1994

Hitel 과 같은 전자정보 시스템은 사용자가 원하는 정보를 체계적으로 얻을 수 있도록 하기 위하여 메뉴들을 적당히 계층적으로 구성하여 제공하고 있다. 그러나, 보통 이 메뉴들의 계층이 정확한 분류법에 기초하여 만들어지지 않았을 뿐 아니라 그 양도 엄청나게 방대하여, 이 메뉴 계층을 이용하여 사용자가 원하는 정보를 얻기가 쉽지 않다. 실험적으로 보통 Hitel을 자주 이용하는 사람들도 자신이 주로 이용하는 메뉴들의 구성만 이해하고 있을뿐, 사용하지 않는 부분의 메뉴들의 구성은 잘 알지 못하는 것이 일반적이었다. 따라서 Hitel을 자주 이용하는 사용자도 자신이 이용해 보지 않은 정보를 얻기 쉽지 않으며, 더더욱 초보자에게는 이 메뉴계층을 이용하여 원하는 정보를 얻기가 쉽지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 정보검색 기술을 이용하여 Hitel과 같은 전자정보 시스템에서 사용자가 쉽게 자신이 원하는 정보를 얻을 수 있는 보조 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 본 시스템은 사용자가 메뉴계층을 이용하기 전에 간략한 자연어로 입력을 주면, 여기에 적합한 메뉴나 실제 정보를 검색해 낸다. 따라서 사용자는 이 메뉴정보를 이용하여 메뉴계층을 쉽게 따라갈 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 경우에 따라서는 원하는 실제 정보를 검색하기 때문에 메뉴계층을 탐색할 필요가 없다. 본 연구에서는 자연어 입력을 최장 일치 방법으로 의미있는 명사들을 추출하여 불리한 질의어로 만든 후, 명사들 사이의 관계가 표현된 시소러스를 이용하여 이 질의어를 확장시킨다. 다음에 이 질의어들을 메뉴들과 부분/정확부합을 통하여 관련된 메뉴들을 찾아낸 후, 이들의 계층과제를 고려하여 최종 메뉴들을 검색한다. 본 시스템은 현재 C언어로 만들어져 구동중이며, 정확한 실험은 아직 하지 않았지만 높은 검색율을 보이고 있다. industrialized, was improved by introducing pressure in cooling procedure for both carbon and iron thermistors.er>$CHCl_3$>Hexane층 순으로 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 5. 아질산염소거능은 끝순, 들깨잎, 콩나물이 우수하였고 그중 들깨잎이 저해율 72%로 가장 높았으며, 용매분획 중에는 BuOH과 water추출물의 활성이 가장 높았다. 6. ACE 저해 효과는 고구마 부위별로는 끝순이 괴근에 비하여 1.5배 높았고, 들깨잎, 콩나물, 시금치보다 $1.9{\sim}3.7$배 높았다. 용매분획별로는 EtOAc, BuOH, water 추출물이 높은 활성을 보였다. 7. 이상을 종합하여 볼 때 고구마 끝순에는 페놀화합물이 다량 함유되어 있어 높은 항산화 활성을 가지며, 아질산염소거능 및 ACE저해활성과 같은 생리적 효과도 높아 기능성 채소로 이용하기에 충분한 가치가 있다고 판단된다.등의 관련 질환의 예방, 치료용 의약품 개발과 기능성 식품에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다.tall fescue 23%, Kentucky bluegrass 6%, perennial ryegrass 8%) 및 white clover 23%를 유지하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 초종과 파종비율에 따른 혼파초지의 건물수량과 사료가치의 차이를 확인할 수 있었으며, 레드 클로버 + 혼파 초지가 건물수량과 사료가치를 높이는데 효과적이었다.\ell}$ 이었으며 , yeast extract 첨가(添加)하여 배양시(培養時)는 yeast extract 농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)함에 따라 단백질(蛋白質) 함량(含量)도 증가(增加)하였다. 7. CHS-

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2002

The yield and quality of winter forage crops such as oats could increase by mixed sowing with a winter legume such as hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth). The purpose of this study was to improve the forage quality and productivity using Oat-Hairy vetch mixture in winter season for three years. The results of this experiments were summarized as follows. In mix seeding of oat and hairy vetch, the dry matter(DM) content of herbage was 15∼16% in fall-harvest and 19∼20% in spring-harvest. Crude protein(CP) content of hairy vetch was the highest as 30.1% and the mixture was higher than that of oat. Acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) content of hairy vetch was lower, but in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and total dry matter digestibility(TDN) content was higher than that of oat. Although oat showed the low yield by 3.7∼4.4 DM t/ha, the Fall-seeded-Spring-harvest hairy vetch plot showed highly production by 9.5 DM t/ha. Crude protein and TDN yield of Fall-seeded-Spring-harvest plots were higher than those of others. According to this study, the highest dry matter yield could be obtained by Fall-seeded-Spring-harvest. It would be recommend in cropping field for oat.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to select the adaptability, forage production and quality of pasture species at paddy field from 2007 to 2009 at Jeonnam province. Among pasture species, Italian ryegrass was somewhat good for waterlogging, production, and disease and insect resistance. Fresh and dry matter yields of Italian ryegrass was the highest as 67,368 kg and 17,677 kg per ha among six species. The dry yield of Tall fescue mixture (Orchardgrass, Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Kentuck bluegrass, White clover) and Tall fescue were also high as 15,589 kg and 14,693 kg per ha, respectively. Crude protein of Tall fescue and Tall fescue mixture were high as 10.4% and 13.5%, respectively. The result of this study showed that Italian ryegrass, Tall fescue mixture and Tall fescue had good growth characteristics and forage productivity at paddy field in southern region of Korea.