• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2010

The results from eight randomized controlled studies demonstrate that venlafaxine is effective in the treatment of hot flashes with tolerable adverse effects. Based on the results of the above studies, venlafaxine can be recommended for the treatment of hot flashes. However, there are limitations in the above studies. The inclusion criteria of 5 studies reviewed in this paper was breast cancer patients, so it's hard to apply the results to the general population in clinical practice. Also 5 studies had less than 100 subjects included, and 18-week study was the longest one among studies reviewed in this paper. Therefore, large and long-term clinical studies with the general population should be conducted to use venlafaxine for the treatment of hot flashes in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.89-96
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• 2021

This study is aimed to establish the direction of orthodontic treatment by analyzing the differences in the dental arch development due to the cause of short stature. Dental diagnostic tests were conducted on patients who were diagnosed with short stature. Idiopathic short statured children were classified through the paired sampling based on the age and gender of a short statured children with growth hormone shortage. Control groups were classified using same method as above, after selecting candidates with an arch length of less than 3mm and malocclusion. In conclusion, short statured children with growth hormone shortage or idiopathic had the higher rate of crowding and the small value of overbite compared to normal children. Therefore orthodontic treatment for short statured children needs treatment plan included evaluation for Arch length discrepancy to treat a crowding early. This study will provide important data for successful orthodontic treatment according to the characteristics of dental occlusion of short statured children.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.130-136
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• 2008

목적: 방사성옥소 치료를 받는 많은 환자들이 장기간의 전처치와 격리 입원 동안에 신체적 불편함을 호소하므로 이를 줄여주기 위하여 첫째, 방사성옥소 치료 전 환자들이 저옥소식을 잘 지킬 수 있도록 도움을 주며 둘째, 4일간의 격리입원기간 동안 심리적 어려움과 신체 적불편함을 줄여줌으로써 환자의 만족도를 향상시키는 효과를 기대하고자 본 연구를 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1. 연구자들의 브레인스토밍을 통해 환자들의 불편함을 파악하였다. 2. 방사성옥소 치료를 위해 입원한 환자 36명에게 입원 기간 동안 느낀 점을 기록하게 하고 이를 조사하였다. 3. 환자 퇴원시에 치료과정에 대한 만족도 설문을 문제점 개선 전 33명, 개선 후 22명에게 조사하였다. 결과: 문제점과 개선안을 도출하였으며 가능한 범위 내에서 개선활동을 실시하였다. 그리고 만족도 설문을 조사하였으며 개선 전 후를 비교하였다. 문제점으로 1) 저옥소식: 맛이 없다, 반찬 가려 먹기가 어렵다. 2) 치료병실 생활: 속이 메스꺼워 음식 섭취가 곤란하다, 병실이 춥다. 3) 호르몬제 투여중지: 전신이 나른하다, 몸이 붓는다가 도출되었으며 이를 해결하기 위한 개선 활동은 1) 입원 전 예약 시에 음식조절(저옥소식)에 대한 설명을 자세히 하였다. 2) 타부서와의 협의-협조사항(치료병실의 청결유지와 쾌적한 병실을 만들기 위해 16층 병동과 협의, 저옥소식 영양상담을 치료 과정중에 넣기 위해 영양과와 협의, 온열매트리스 설치와 보온이불 구입을 위해 시설팀과 협의 등)을 해결하려 노력했다. 3) 전반적인 개선활동(방사성옥소를 차질없이 구입, 치료병실의 치료 전 후 방사능오염 방지, 환자의 심리적 불안감 해소 등)을 하였다. 환자의 만족도 설문에 대한 개선 활동 전 후 비교 결과에서 '치료과정 전체에 대해 힘들었다'는 개선 전 후에 각각 80.6%, 81.8%로 큰 차이가 없었다. 또한 문제점으로 도출된 '저옥소식이 힘들었다'는 개선 전 후에 각각 24.1%, 27.8%로 역시 큰 차이가 없었다. 그러나 '병실생활이 힘들었다'는 개선 전 후에 각각 48.3%, 72.2%로 큰 차이를 보였다. 그리고 '호르몬 투여중지로 인해 힘들었다'는 개선 전 후에 각각 27.6%, 0%로 큰 차이를 보였다. 고찰 및 결론: 환자들의 불편함을 줄여주기 위하여 연구자들의 개선활동이 있었고 그 중에서 입원병실의 생활환경이 특히 향상되었다. 그러나 결과에서 '병실생활이 힘들었다'에 대한 답의 비율은 오히려 더 높아졌다. 이는 '호르몬 투여 중지로 힘들었다'로 답하는 환자의 비율이 상대적으로 줄었기 때문에 높아진 것으로 생각되었다. 방사성옥소 치료로 인해 생길 수밖에 없는 신체적 반응 때문에 대부분의 환자들은 항상 힘들었다고 할 것이다. 만족도 개선 활동으로 환자의 힘든 치료과정을 완전히 해소시켜 줄 수는 없었으나 환자입장에서 생각할 수 있게 된 계기가 되었으며 좀 더 향상된 치료환경을 제공하는 기회가 되었다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.516-521
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• 2014

The mechanisms underlying the refractory effects of flutamide, a first-line oral anti-androgen drug, have not been entirely elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of flutamide-induced hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell growth and its modulation by resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in grapes. Resveratrol significantly attenuated interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcriptional activity and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or IL-6-induced prostate-specific antigen (PSA) transcriptional activity. Furthermore, compared to treatment with DHT or IL-6 alone, combination treatment of cells significantly increased PSA transcriptional activity, and resveratrol markedly diminished DHT plus IL-6-induced STAT3 and PSA transcriptional activities. Thus, the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on IL-6-, DHT-, and flutamide-induced hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell growth are partly mediated by the suppression of STAT3 reporter gene activity, suggesting that resveratrol represents a promising therapy for prostate cancer.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.87-116
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• 2014

This article focuses on synthetic hormone consumption that illegal act of heterogeneous forms of pharmaceuticalization. Athletes are not unfamiliar with the use of synthetic hormones that contain anabolic steroids. Synthetic hormones are used to increase muscle mass and strength. This drug use practice cannot simply be viewed as illegal. Athletes accumulate knowledge on these hormones that conflicts with the knowledge proffered by physicians and they consume drugs responsibly. Physicians' knowledge of these hormones is limited to their use in the treatment of abnormalities. Athletes, however, are expanding the role of these hormones to include their potential for enhancement. Thereby, a new value is assigned to synthetic hormones, and an informal market is formed. Previous studies in the fields of biopolitics and biomedicalization have mainly focused on the formal connection between biomedical science and the institutional network. This article, therefore, analyzes the informal and the various aspects of biomedicalization.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.39-47
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences among short statured children with growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic, and normal children in order to find the effect of growth hormone deficiency on tooth developmental stage. We classified children diagnosed with short stature at the Pediatrics in Yeungnam University Hospital as subjects due to idiopathic and growth hormone deficiency. We analyzed the relationship between short stature and tooth development through the measuring of oral panorama and body index. Only the eruption of lateral incisors showed significant difference between short statured with growth hormone deficiency and idiopathic. Almost all tooth eruption was significantly delayed on short statured children with growth hormone deficiency compared to average group. In conclusion, short stature children with either growth hormone deficiency or idiopathic were affected not only in their somatic stature but also dental maturity. We look forward to this study presenting basic data for orthodontic therapy.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.200-206
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• 1994

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

Sex and its tropic hormones influence the lacrimal system, corneal anatomy and disease, aqueous humor dynamics and glaucoma, crystalline lens and cataract, and retinal disease. Dry eye occurs especially frequently during pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, and after menopause, during which androgen levels decrease. Androgen control development, differentiation, and lipid production of sebaceous glands throughout the body, and androgen deficiency also leads to meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative dry eye. On the other hand, estrogen causes a reduction in size, activity, and lipid production of sebaceous glands. Sex and its tropic hormones also influence the corneal anatomy and disease, and corneal thickening occurred on the second day of the menstrual cycle and around the time of ovulation and appeared to be related to estrogen levels. Fuchs' dystrophy is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women than men and may be linked to hormonal changes that occur with aging. In addition, overexpression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the conjunctiva of vernal keratoconjunctivitis patients. Serum progesterone levels also may be associated with intraocular pressure especially in pregnant women, and for the women. For women with cataracts, hormone levels were typical of menopause, and there was a significant negative correlation between estradiol and follicular stimulating hormone levels. In addition, serum testosterone levels are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy. Although the role of sex hormones on the eye is largely unknown, and the results should be interpreted with caution until replicated, the functions of sex hormones in ocular disease remains to be investigated, because they may be involved in structure and function of the ocular components, which are important in the pathogenesis of ocular disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 1997

$23{\sim}40$세 (평균 연령 31.6세)의 자궁내막증 환자35명 (1기 7명, 2기 7명, 3기 14명, 4기 7명)을 대상으로 gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (Goserelin) 3.6 mg을 한달 간격으로 6개월 복부의 피하에 이식한 후 자궁내막증에 대한 치료 효과와 부작용을 알아보기 위하여 매달 호르몬 검사와 증상에 대한 설문조사를 시행하였다. 투여 1개월 후 혈청 estradiol농도는 30 pg/mL이었고 이후 치료중 $10{\sim}20$ pg/mL를 유지하였으며 투여를 중간한 1개월 후 50 pg/mL로 증가하였다. 혈청 LH농도는 치료 중 유의하게 감소하였으며 투여를 중단한 후 증가하였다. FSH는 투여 1개월 후 감소하였으나 2개월후부터 계속 치료전과 같은 농도를 유지하였다. 혈청 CA-125치는 19명중 10명에서 치료전에 35 mIU/mL이상으로 증가되었으며 치료 2개월 후부터 모두 정상으로 감소되었다. 월경곤란증은 치료 3개월째 완전히 소실되었고 성교통은 치료가 끝날 때까지 20%의 환자에서 지속되었다. 백혈구수, 혈색소, 전해질, 단백질, 빌리루빈 및 간효소는 치료 중 모두 정상이었다. 혈압과 체중도 치료전, 치료중에 변화가 없었다. 투여후 86%의 환자가 안면홍조를 63%에서 질건조증을 20%가 두통, 우울을 호소하였다. 이와 같은 부작용은 투여를 중단한 1개월 후 모두 소실되었으며 부작용 때문에 투여를 중단한 예는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 GnRH-a는 난소의 estradiol생산을 완벽하게 중단시키고 골반증상을 완하시켜 자궁 내막증 치료에 효과적이라고 사료되며 안면홍조와 같은 부작용의 빈도가 높기 때문에 향후 호르몬 보충요법을 병행하는 것이 바람직 하다고 사료된다.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.891-894
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• 2010

This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of horticultural therapy on stress in demented elders, and for this purpose, we analyzed stress-related physiological changes in demented elders under the care of an elderly facility who had not taken medication and consented to blood tests. The horticultural therapy program included only flower decoration, which was preferred by the participants, aiming ultimately to reduce stress. First, a one-to-one session was given for forming rapport and the horticultural therapist had many conversations about plants with the elders. Furthermore, the participants were induced to be absorbed into the horticultural activities, though a short while, so that they might forget troubles. Evaluation was made by measuring subjective stress and the blood cortisol hormone concentration before and after the horticultural therapy and examining differences between them. Subjective stress increased from 12.88 to 17.88 in the control group, but decreased significantly from 13.88 before the therapy to 6.38 after in the experimental group (p = 0.007). When the blood cortisol hormone level was measured as a physiological indicator of stress, it decreased significantly from $11.33{\mu}g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ before the horticultural therapy to $9.85{\mu}g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ after (p = 0.037). These results suggest that horticultural therapy reduces the blood cortisol hormone level and is effective in easing stress.