• Title/Summary/Keyword: 혈액제제

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Pharmaceutical Product Liability and the Burden of Proof (혈액제제 제조물책임 소송과 증명책임 -대법원 2011. 9. 29. 선고 2008다16776 판결과 관련하여-)

  • Moon, Hyeon-Ho
    • The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.65-117
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    • 2011
  • This article analyzes the case (2008Da16776) which has the issue how patients have to prove causal relationship when patients claim against pharmaceutical companies alleging that patients were infected with virus due to contaminated blood products. The Supreme court held that: (1) if patients prove that they didn't have symptoms suggesting virus infection before administration of blood products, the virus infection had been confirmed after administration of blood products, and there were significant potential of contamination of the blood products with the virus, the defect in blood products or the negligence of pharmaceutical company in making blood products shall be presumed to cause the infection of the victim. (2) The pharmaceutical companies could reverse the presumption by proving the blood products were not contaminated, but the fact that the victims were treated with the blood products manufactured by other companies or had received blood transfusions is not enough to reverse the presumption. The case is the first decision whether the burden of proof about causal relationship could be reduced in pharmaceutical product liability lawsuit. Hereafter pharmaceutical product liability cases, it would be necessary to reduce the burden of proof about causal relationship in order to make substantive equality between patients and pharmaceutical companies.

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Effects of Egg Yolk Antibody Powder (IgY) Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Component Profile, Intestinal Microflora, and Immunoglobulin G in Meat Ducks (난황항체제제(IgY) 첨가가 육용오리의 생산성, 혈액성상, 장내 미생물 및 면역글로불린 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Ik Soo;Kang, Hwan Ku;Kim, Chan Ho;Hwangbo, Jong;Park, Seong Bok
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.143-148
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary egg yolk antibody (IgY) powder supplementation on the growth performance, blood component profile, intestinal microflora, and immunoglobulin G in ducks. A total of 300 1-day-old ducks (Cherry Valley) were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 3 replicates of 20 birds. The treatment groups were the negative (NC), positive (PC), egg yolk antibody powder 0.1% (T1), egg yolk antibody powder 0.5% (T2), and egg yolk antibody powder 1.0% (T3) groups. In the growth performance of ducks during the entire experimental period, the IgY groups and positive control group (PC) showed significantly higher (P<0.05) body weights and body weight gains compared to the negative control group (NC). However, no significant differences were observed in the feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The blood component profiles showed that the IgY 0.1 and 1.0% groups decreased in total cholesterol content compared to the NC group. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotranferease (ALT) contents were lower in the IgY 1.0% group, but there were no significant differences. Regrading the leukocyte content after feeding IgY, the heterophil: lymphocyte ratio decreased in the IgY groups, especially in the IgY 0.1% group, which had a lower content than the other groups. However, these results showed no significant differences. The Lactobacillus count in the intestines significantly increased (P<0.05) in the IgY 0.1 and 0.5% groups, the level of IgY increased, and the Escherichia coli count decreased. However, no significant difference was observed in the total plate count. The immunoglobulin G content was lower in the IgY groups than in the NC group, and compared with the IgY groups, the IgY 0.5% had a lower content, which was not a significant difference.

The Effect of Natural Mineral Complex and Chitosan Supplementation on Egg Production and Characteristics in Laying Hens (사료 내 천연 미네랄과 키토산의 수준별 첨가가 산란계의 산란율 및 계란 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo, J.S.;Kim, J.D.;Cho, J.H.;Chen, Y.J.;Kim, H.J.;Min, B.J.;Kang, D.K.;Kim, I.H.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.309-316
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary natural mineral liquid complex on egg production and characteristics in laying hens. A total of two hundreds fifty two, 63-weeks-old, Hy-line brown commercial layers were used for 6 weeks. Seven dietary treatments included CON (Control), C1-M0.25 (CON diet+1% chitosan+0.25% natural mineral complex), C1-M0.5 (CON diet+1% chitosan+0.50% natural mineral complex), C2-M0.25 (CON diet+2% chitosan+0.25% natural mineral complex), C2-M0.50 (CON diet+2% chitosan+0.50% natural mineral complex), C3-M0.25 (CON diet+ 3% chitosan+0.25% natural mineral complex) and C3-M0.50 (CON diet+3% chitosan+0.50% natural mineral complex). For overall period, egg production, egg shall breaking strength, haugh unit, K and Fe concentrations of blood and Fe concentration of yolk were improved in additive natural mineral treatments compared to control treatment(P<0.05). K and Fe concentrations of blood and Fe concentration of yolk were increased in added 0.5% mineral treatment compared to added 0.25% mineral treatment(P<0.05). Additive 3% chitosan + 0.5% mineral treatments were improved on egg Production and egg shall breaking strength in laying hens(P<0.05). In conclusion, chitosan and natural mineral complex supplementation in lay hens diet improved egg oduction, egg all strength and mineral concentrations of blood and yolk.

시선집중, 안전경영우수기업 - 대한적십자사 혈장분획센터

  • Yeon, Seul-Gi
    • The Safety technology
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    • no.204
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    • pp.18-20
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    • 2014
  • 1978년 정부는 혈액의 자급자족 달성과 상업적 이용 배제라는 구제사회의 권고를 수용하여 혈장분획제제*의 국내 수급을 대한적십자사로 일원화한다는 기본 시책을 수립하였다. 이후 대한적십자사는 혈장분획제제 사업을 본격적으로 추진, 1991년 충북 음성군 감곡면에 혈장분획센터를 건립하고 제품을 생산 공급하기 시작했다. 그로부터 23년 동안 센터는 ▲혈장분획제제의 생산 및 공급 ▲원료혈장의 보관 ▲혈애검체 보관 ▲수입 혈장 확인 감독 ▲혈장 분획제제의 수입과 공급 등 주요 업무를 차질 없이 수행하며 국가보건인프라의 중추로 거듭났다. 이곳이 오랜 기간 동안 흔들림 없이 막중한 임무를 수행할 수 있었던 배경에는 '철저한 안전관리'가 자리 잡고 있다. 빈 틈 없는 시설점검과 임직원의 투철한 안전의식으로 국민보건을 책임진다는 혈장분획센터를 찾아가 보았다.

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Intravenous Iron Supplementation in Korean Children on Chronic Dialysis (한국 만성 투석 소아 환자에서 정맥용 철분 제제 투여에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Hee-Yeon;Hahn, Hye-Won;Ha, Il-Soo;Cheong, Hae-Il;Choi, Yong
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.197-206
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    • 2009
  • Purpose : Limited information is available on experiences of intravenous iron treatment in children. In this study, iron sucrose was administered intravenously to determine its effect, the factors predicting outcome, and safety in children on chronic dialysis. Methods : Twenty-one children whose serum ferritin levels were less than 100 ng/mL or transferrin saturations (TSAT) were less than 20% were enrolled. In 12 children on peritoneal dialysis (PD), the drug was infused intravenously as 200 mg/$m^2$ ($\leq$200 mg) at week 0, 2, 4, and 6. In 9 children on hemodialysis (HD), it was given intravenously as 8 weekly doses of 3 mg/kg ($\leq$100 mg) through week 0-7. Results : After treatment, serum ferritin levels increased significantly in both groups, and TSAT rose significantly in PD group. However, hemoglobin level did not rise significantly in both groups. Children with baseline hemoglobin less than 10 g/dL or baseline TSAT less than 20% showed significantly higher rise of hemoglobin after intravenous iron treatment. To the contrary, those with higher baseline hemoglobin and TSAT levels displayed higher rise in serum ferritin after the treatment. Although no serious adverse event occurred, TSAT levels exceeding 50% were noted in 6 patients in PD group. Conclusion : This suggests that 3 mg/kg/week of intravenous iron sucrose can be used safely in children on chronic HD, but 200 mg/$m^2$ every other week may incur excessive TSAT level in some patients on chronic PD.

Optimization of Freeze-drying Conditions for Probiotics Production with Animal Blood Proteins Added Medium. (도축 폐혈액 단백질을 이용한 Probiotics생산에서의 동결건조 조건)

  • 현창기;신현길
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.200-205
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    • 1998
  • A probiotic-strain of Lactobacillus sp. was cultured in bovine blood plasma-based (BBPB) medium and freeze-dried to prepare a probiotic product as an animal feed additive. The cell mass produced in the medium, $5.2{\times}10^9$ CFU/ml, was high enough to be commercialized and was 74% of that in MRS medium. The survival rate of tactobacillus sp. against freeze-drying was affected by the conditions for treatment of cultured BBPB broth before freeze-drying such as pH adjustment, volume reduction and freezing rate. It was also found that the blood protein hydrolysate remaining in broth also enhanced the survival rate. Among various protective substances, sucrose showed a high stabilizing effect with 10% (w/v) addition, by which the maximum survival rate (48.3%) and viable cell count ($3.0{\times}10^{10}$ CFU/g) were obtained.

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The Effect of Natural Mineral Complex Supplementation on Production, Egg Quality and Blood Characteristic in Laying Hens (사료 내 천연 복합 미네랄 제제의 첨가가 산란계의 생산성, 계란 품질 및 혈액 성상에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo, J.S.;Kim, J.D.;Cho, J.H.;Chen, Y.J.;Kim, H.J.;Kang, D.K.;Min, B.J.;Kim, I.H.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.189-194
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of natural mineral complex supplementation on egg production and characteristic in laying hens. A total of two hundred forty laying hens were randomly allocated into four treatments with ten replications for six weeks. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (control, basal diet) 2) M0.5 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 0.5% natural mineral complex), 3) M1.0 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 1.0% natural mineral complek) and 4) M1.5 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 1.5% natural mineral complex). In the egg production, the M1.5 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05). However, egg weight was significantly higher in M0.5 treatment than CON and M1.0 treatments(P<0.05). Egg shell breaking strength was higher in M1.5 treatment than M0.5 treatment. Egg shell thickness was the highest in M1.5 treatment compared to other treatments(P<0.05). The hens 134 M0.5 diet were improved egg yolk color compared to those fed other diets(P<0.05). The Haugh unit, CON and M1.0 treatments showed significantly different results compared to those of M1.5 treatment(P<0.05). The M1.5 treatment had higher Ca and Fe concentration in blood and higher K concentration in yolk than CON(P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of natural mineral complex in laying hen diets influenced on egg production, egg shell qualify and mineral concentration in blood and yolk.

Studies on effect and Safety of various Aqua-acupunctures from Scutellariae Radix (다양(多樣)한 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)의 안전성(安定性) 및 효능(效能)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Ho-Kyoung;Ma, Jin-Yeul;Cheon, Won-Kyung;Yun, Su-Young;Kang, Eun-Jung;Joo, Hye-Jeong;Ko, Byoung-Seob
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.183-197
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    • 1997
  • In order to detect the safety and effect of various aqua-acupunctures from Scutellariae Radix, the modifications of boiling, filtration and dilution were employed for the manufacture of aqua-acupunctures. We injected 0.2cc of aqua-acupunctures into Joksamri (足三里) of rat, repeatedly. We compared subacute toxicity of them with saline group, distilled water(D.W.) group, acupuncture group and control group. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The groups were all healthy and alive, and there was no special abnormality in physical condition and autopsy. And there were not any toxic symptoms in repeating application of aqua-acupunctures to the rat, including changes of body weight, organ weight, haematological examination and serum biochemical test. 2. There was slight change of body weight in acupuncture group : We could see significance after 3 days(p<0.05) and after 7 days(p<0.001) in body weight loss. After 9 days, all tested groups were suppressed in body weight increment. 3. Result of organ weight : In Palkang aqua-acupuncture(D-2 group), saline group and acupuncture group there were some statistical significance. Especially, acupuncture group revealed significant result in liver and spleen than aqua-acupunctures. From this result, we could suggest that the efficacy of acupuncture was preceded herbal medicine. 4. In serum biochemical test, we examined glucose(GLU), triglyceride(TG) and cholesterol(CHOL). In comparison with control group, the diluted 10 times of Hwanggum aqua-aqupuncture$({\times}10\;group)$ was recognized significant decrease of glucose, but the diluted 100 times of Hwanggum aqua-acupuncture$({\times}100\;group)$, D-2 group, saline group were confirmed significant increment. There was not any meaningful change of CHOL in all of tested group, excepting the acupuncture group was exhibited statistically significant decrease(p<0.05). In TG level all tested group except complex injection of standard compound(CPA group) and HG, there were significant value iii statistically. The diluted solution was more significant decrease than Hwanggum aqua-acupuncture(HG). The mutual relationship of components of aqua-acupunture tended to decrease level of TG, regardless of its concentration. In acupunture guoup, we gained some interesting result In meaningful decrease in 7G. 5. Haematological examination showed significant increment of granulocytes(GR) in all tested groups except Hwanggum aqua-acupuncture. And the diluted solutions of HG expressed very high increment of them(p<0.001). The GR and Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV) of acupuncture group showed statistical significance.

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Anticoagulation Therapy, Thrombolytic Therapy, and Use of Blood Products in Neonates (신생아에서의 항응고요법, 혈전용해요법 및 혈액제제 사용)

  • Choi, Chang-Won
    • Neonatal Medicine
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.34-41
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    • 2011
  • Neonatal coagulation disorders and thromboembolism require timely management. Failure to treat these conditions at the appropriate time may lead to death or the development of significant long-term sequelae. However, most current guidelines for managing neonatal coagulation disorders and thromboembolism are empiric and not based on randomized clinical trials. Thus, it is not easy to choose an appropriate management strategy for these conditions in clinical settings. In this review, therapeutic guidelines currently utilized in clinics and novel therapeutic options still under investigation are presented and reviewed.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE CONTAINING ANTIBIOTICS (Dexamethasone을 함유한 항생제의 살균효과에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Park, Sang-Jin
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.41-45
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    • 1972
  • 최근 치수염증 생활치수절단술 치수복담 상아질화각과민증 등에 Cortisone제제가 널리 사용되는 바 저자는 항생제에 Dexamethasone을 함유시켜 실험군으로 삼고, 항생제 단독으로 사용한 것은 대조군으로 삼아, 두 군의 살균효과를 비교하기 위하여 한천배양기상에선 백색 포도상구균으로, 혈액가 천한배양기상에선 α-용혈성 연질상구균과 β-용혈성 연질상구균을 사용하여 균성장억제대를 측정 관찰한바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Dexamethasone이 함유된 항생제에선 항생제 단독으로 사용한 것보다 균이 더 넓게 성장했다. 2. 항생제의 살균효과는 Dexamethasone에 의해 약간 저하되는 것을 볼수 있었다. 3. 따라서 Dexamethasone과 항생제 제제는 균이 존재시 별 효과가 없다고 사료되는 바이다.

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