• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2006

Background: There is controversy regarding whether COX-2 specific inhibitors are associated with elevation of blood pressure. We compared the effects of aspirin, indomethacin, and celecoxib for vascular reactivity induced by phenylephrine. We also tested the effects of indomethacin and NO donor on COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression, as well as nitrite production in culture medium of vascular smooth muscle cells. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, we used the isometric tension study for vascular reactivity. After 45 minutes of pretreatment with aspirin, indomethacin, celecoxib, and phenylephrine induced contractions were tested. COX-1 and COX-2 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot and nitrite production by the Griess reaction. Results: Although celecoxib pretreatment caused enhanced arterial contraction, aspirin pretreatment induced more potent arterial contraction than celecoxib in the isometric tension study of rabbit femoral artery. COX-1 protein expression was unchanged by indomethacin, SNP and NOR-3; COX-2 protein expression was increased by the addition of indomethacin, SNP, and NOR-3. Especially, NOR-3, a NO donor, significantly increased COX-2 protein expression with unstimulated conditions as well as LPS stimulation. Induction of nitrite production was higher with NOR-3 treatment than SNP treatment with LPS stimulation. Conclusion: These results suggest that aspirin caused more potent vascular contraction than celecoxib and indomethacin. COX-2 expression in VSMC depended on the types of NO donor and LPS stimulation.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 1993

This study was designed to observe hypoxia-induced mechanical responses of porcine cerebral artery and to clarify their possible mechanisms. Hypoxia produced a transient vasoconstriction, recovering to the basal tension within 10 min and subsequent reoxygenation produced a biphasic (relaxalion-contraction) response in rings with endothelium under resting tension. Hypoxia produced a further contraction in rings precontracted with KCl or $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$, and following reoxygenation caused only sustained relaxation. Removal of the endothelium and pretreatment with nimodipine or indomethacin markedly attenuated the hypoxia- and reoxygenation-induced contractions. The KCl-induced contraction was not affected in hypoxic state, but contractions induced by $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ or endothelin (ET) were inhibited in the hypoxia, the latter being more sensitive to the hypoxia. Upon reoxygenation, the attenuated contraction rapidly recovered to the original tension. Both hypoxia and reoxygenation significantly increased cyclic GMP content in the intact preparations, but not in the endothelium-removed ones. Acetylcholine (ACh) produced concentration-dependent relaxations in the intact endothelial rings precontracted with $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ or endothelin, and the ACh-induced relaxation was inhibited by removal of endothelium and by hypoxia. ACh also increased cyclic GMP content in tissues pretreated with $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ and the increase of cyclic GMP was abolished in hypoxic state. These results suggest that hypoxia- and reoxygenation-induced contractions are dependent on endothelium and extracellular calcium, and related to the release of prostaglandin-like substance(s).

• 건강소식
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.38-39
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• 2011

뇌졸중은 뇌에 혈액을 공급하고 있는 혈관이 막히거나 터져서 혈액 공급이 되지 않는 부분의 뇌가 손상되어 신체장애가 오는 질환이다. 이런 뇌졸중은 인구 고령화 및 만성질환의 증가로 인해 매년 환자 수가 증가하고 있고, 우리나라에서 사망원인 중 두 번째로 많은 원인을 차지하고 있다. 요즘처럼 날씨가 쌀쌀해지면서 기온이 낮아지면 혈관이 수축하고 혈류의 혈압이 증가하는 경우가 있어 뇌졸중 예방에 각별히 주의해야 한다.

• Proceedings of the KTCVS Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.163-163
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• 1998

• 대한치과마취과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2003

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.887-893
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• 2003

External stimuli increases intracellular (IC) $Ca^{2+}$, which increases extracellular (EC) $K^{+}$. To verify $K^{+}$ effects on the vascular contraction, we performed an experiment using mouse aortic endothelial cell. Meterial and Method: We examined the mouse aortic contractility changes as we measured the IC $Ca^{2+}$ change and ionic current by using the voltage clamp technique under different conditions such as: increasing EC $K^{+}$, removing endothelial cell, giving L-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) which suppress nitric oxide formation, Ouabain which control N $a^{+}$ - $K^{+}$ pump and N $i^{2+}$ which repress N $a^{+}$-C $a^{2+}$ exchanger Result: When we increased EC $K^{+}$ from 6 to 12 mM, there was no change in aortic contractility. Aorta contracted with more than 12 mM of EC $K^{+}$. Ace-tylcholine (ACh) induced relaxation was inhibited with EC $K^{+}$ from 6 to 12 mM, but was not found after de-endothelialization or L-NAME treatment. ATP or ACh increased IC $Ca^{2+}$ in cultured endothelium. After maximal increase of IC $Ca^{2+}$, increasing EC $K^{+}$ from 6 to 12 mM made IC $Ca^{2+}$ decrease and re-decreasing EC $K^{+}$ to 6 mM made IC $Ca^{2+}$ increase. Ouabain and N $i^{2+}$ masked the inhibitory effect of endothelium dependent relaxation by increased EC $K^{+}$. Conclusion: These data indicate that increase in EC $K^{+}$ relaxes vascular smooth muscle and reduces $Ca^{2+}$ in the endothelial cells which inhibit endothelium dependent relaxation. This inhibitory mechanism may be due to the activation of N $a^{+}$- $K^{+}$ pump and N $a^{+}$-C $a^{2+}$ exchanger. $a^{+}$-C $a^{2+}$ exchanger.r.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.225-232
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• 2009

This study conducted the following experiment to examine effects of cardiovascular function on lumbar stabilization exercise(LSE) in floor or swiss ball. This experiment was conducted to compare heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and peripheral vascular oxygen saturation effects by lumbar stabilization exercise in floor or swiss ball with 18 normal adult and it divided 9 subjects. experiment group (1) is applying LSE on floor group and (2) is applying LSE on swiss ball group. Heart rate was measured by portable heart rate manometer, blood pressure was measured by hemodynamometer, and peripheral vascular oxygen concentration was measured using a computerized NURYTEC measuring apparatus analysis. These result lead us to the conclusion that systolic blood pressure and peripheral vascular oxygen concentration were influenced by LSE. but there was not differential effect between each groups. These results suggest that LSE has the capability to improve heart rate, blood pressure, peripheral vascular oxygen concentration. Consequently, LSE would be lead to increment of cardiovascular function.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 1986

This study was designed to investigate the role of calcium in the function of an isolated perfused rabbit kidney and its effect on the diuretic action of furosemide. The administrations of hydralazine and verapamil produced remarkable diuretic actions mainly by decreasing renal resistance. The administration of furosemide in combination with hydralazine or verapamil produced remarkable diuretic action and there was no difference between the two groups. The administration of quinidine produced a diuretic action in spite of vasoconstriction and potentiated the diuretic action of furosemide. In the calcium-free perfusion medium, the administration of calcium produced a marked diuretic action in spite of vasoconstriction and potentiated significantly the diuretic action of furosemide. The administration of quinidine did not alter renal function and the diuretic action of furosemide, but the combined administration of quinidine and calcium showed antidiuretic effect due to excessive vasoconstriction in the calcium-free perfusion medium. Although the administration of verapamil produced a slight diuretic action in the calcium-free perfusion medium, verapamil did not alter the diuretic action of calcium as well as the diuretic actions of furosemide alone and in combination with calcium. The results of this experiment show that calcium, verapamil and quinidine produced diuretic actions and calcium potentiates the diuretic action of furosemide.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 1990

The responsiveness of various arterial smooth muscles isolated from rabbit to peptide YY (PYY) and the calcium source responsible for the muscles to contract were studied in vitro. PYY contracted the muscle strips of femoral, basilar and common iliac arteries more sensitively than renal, superior mesenteric and common carotid arteries. Common carotid and renal arteries were less sensitive to PYY $(p{\leqslant}0.05)$ than to NE; and basilar artery was more sensitive to PYY$(p{\leqslant}0.01)$ than to NE. A calcium channel blocker, verapamil and an inhibitor of intracellular calcium release, 3, 4, 5-Trime-thoxybenzoic arid 8-(diethylamino)octyl ester [TMB-8] significantly $(p{\leqslant}0.001)$ suppressed the concentration-response of the strips from femoral artery to PYY. When both verapamil and TMB-8 existed in normal PSS, the concentration-response to PYY was inhibited almost completely; and a similar suppression was observed when the muscle was incubated in calcium-free, ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid [EGTA] containing PSS. The results of these experiments suggest that increased PYY activity in circulation may result in the more sensitive increase in the intracranial vascular resistance and the cerebral arterial pressure than the increased sympathetic activity and that both intra- and extracellular calcium are to be utilized for the PYY-induced contraction on arterial smooth muscle.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.437-449
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• 2002

Coronary arteries are subjected to very different flow conditions compared to other arteries in systemic blood circulation. We Performed a computational fluid dynamic research to investigate influence of such flow conditions in coronary arteries on development and progress of atherosclerosis in the same. The results showed big differences in the flow field of the coronary artery compared to the abdominal and femoral arteries. The coronary artery showed higher wall shear stresses due to the small vessel diameter. On the other hand, it showed only one vortex distal to the stenosis throat during a whole pulse cycle. However. several vortices were observed in the abdominal and femoral arteries in both proximal and distal sides of the stenosis throat The wall shear stresses and extent of recirculation area were increased with impedance phase angle increasing toward more negative values. Therefore, cardiac contraction and the negative impedance phase angle as large as -110。 may induce a flow field that accelerates atherosclerosis.