• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2010

A reliability analysis method is proposed in this paper to quantitatively evaluate the risk for internal stability of a quay wall constructed on the deep cement mixed ground, differentiating from the companion paper that mainly describes the external stability. Failure modes for toe pressure, shear strength of improved ground and extrusion of unimproved soft soil are investigated and compared in the risk estimation of internal stability using MVFOSM, FORM, and MCS. From the reliability analysis results for internal stability of a quay wall, the variance and distribution type of the compressive strength of Deep Mixed Soil-Cement appear to be very affective to the failure probability. On the other hand, other random variables seem to be relatively very insensitive to the probability of failure. It is therefore very important to rationally and accurately determine the probabilistic properties of the in-site compressive strength of Deep Mixed Soil-Cement.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2010

In the downstream areas of the Nakdong river, Pusan clays are commonly found and thickness may reach to maximum of 100m. From geological point of view, Pusan clay are characterized as holocene clays, deposited for approximately 20,000 years ago. Recently, there have been many construction projects based on these soft ground areas. It is needed to know clearly soil properties of the areas for design and safety analysis, especially undrained shear strength of soft clays. However, Pusan clay have not been studied systematically because the clay layers are usually very deep, having high sensitivity characteristic. In this study, undisturbed UD samples obtained from the downstream areas of the Nakdong river were researched using laboratory tests (CthUE, CKcUC, CIUC, UU and UC) and in-situ tests (Field Vane, CPTu). The undrained shear strength characteristics of the samples were depicted using stress-strain relationship.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2001

Foamed concrete for cast-in-site, which shows excellent lightweight, thermal insulation, noise insulation, constructability and cost efficiency, has been applied as thermal insulation or filling material for On-dol. However, the technology is too insufficient to obtain the high level of quality, and serious problems often occur in quality control at sites. It, thus, is necessary to establish the proper and reasonable quality control method for ensuring the required quality, based on the investigation on the physical properties and their reciprocal relation. This study aims to settle the quality control method in case of applying FA foamed concrete replacing 40% by weight with fly-ash as the filling material for On-dol. The results of the study include the correlation among flow, as-placed density and foam ratio of fresh foamed concrete, the correlation between physical properties before hardening and after 28-day, provision of an equation to estimate 28-day compressive strength early with 7-day compressive strength, and suggestion of quality criteria for the revision of KS on foamed concrete for cast-in-site.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.2C
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• pp.95-107
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• 2010

To calculate the end bearing capacity of a drilled Shaft socketed into the rockmass, the unconfined compression strength could be used. But it is difficult to find the unconfined compression strength because it is impossible to get undisturbed samples in weathered soils and rocks. So, to calculate the end bearing capacity, the existing bearing formula could not be used. In this study, for five zones (near pile tip, tip~lower 1D, tip~lower 2D, upper 1D~lower 1D, upper 1D~lower 2D), the relationships between the characteristic values of in-situ tests(SPT, DCPT PMT, BST) and the end bearing capacity of drilled shafts were analysed. As a result, DCPT results were represented the best credibility. Also, a design chart of end bearing capacity using DCPT was suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.503-510
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• 2019

Recently, construction technology of RC structures must be examined for creep in concrete. The factors affecting the creep prediction of concrete and the results of creep in domestic construction field were reviewed. The longer the creep test period and the higher the compressive strength, the higher the creep prediction accuracy. The higher the curing temperature, the higher the initial strength development of the concrete, but the difference in the creep coefficients increased over time. Based on the results of creep evaluation in the domestic construction field and lab. tests, a modified predictive model that complements the ACI-209 model was proposed. In the creep prediction of real members using general to high strength concrete, the test period and temperature should be considered precisely.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.707-714
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• 2014

CFT (Concrete-Filled Tube) is a type of steel column comprised of steel tube and concrete. Steel tube holds concrete and the concrete inside tube takes charge of compressive load. This study presents structural performance of the CFT column which has 73~100 MPa high strength concrete inside. Fluidity, mechanical compression, pump pressure test in flexible pipe were conducted for understanding properties of the high strength concrete. Material properties were achieved by various experimental tests, such as slump, slump flow, air content, U-box, O-Lot, L-flow. In addition, mock-up tests were conducted to monitor concrete filling, hydration heat, compressive strength. From construction sites in Sang-am dong and University of Seo-kang, long-term behaviors could be effectively predicted in terms of ACI 209 material model considering elastic deformation, shrinkage and creep.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 1992

본 연구의 목적은 현장에서 구입 가능한 저품질의 재료를 사용한 일련의 실험을 통하여 28일 압축강도와 물\ulcorner시멘트비와 관계를 유출함으로써 고강도 콘크리트의 배합설계식을 얻기 위한 것이다. 목표슬럼프는 고층건물에서의 시공성을 고려하여 15$\pm$2cm로 하였으며 혼화제로는 고성능감수제를 사용하였다. 실험결과로부터 고강도콘크리트의 응력-변형도 특성을 비롯하여 탄성계수, 포아송비, 단위중량 등 고강도 콘크리트의 일반적인 재료성질을 얻었으며 본 연구에서 제안한 고강도콘크리트의 배합설계식은 국내현장조건을 고려한 실용식으로 고강도콘크리트으 설계 및 시공을 위한 기초자료로 사용 가능하다고 판단된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6C
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• pp.303-311
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• 2009

In this study, weakly cemented sand was cured at air dry condition with different periods (3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days) and its unconfined compressive strength was evaluated. As a result, the strength of specimens with low cement ratios such as 4 and 8% increases until 7 days curing but, after 7 days, their strength continuously decreases. The strength of specimens with relatively high cement ratios such as 12 and 16% increases up to 7 days curing and then stays almost constant until 21 days. After 21 days curing, their strength suddenly dropped down, which is much lower than the strength of 3 days curing specimen. A cemented sand and gravel called CSG, which is highly permeable, could be exposed to repetitive drying and wetting conditions due to rainfall or groundwater table change during curing. In this study, the weakly cemented sand is exposed to repetitive drying and wetting and then its unconfined compressive strength was evaluated. As a result, the strength of a specimen with 27 days drying condition following 1 day wetting was at maximum 35% lower than the one cured under 28 days drying. The strength degradation due to wetting decreases as a cement ratio increases. However, the strength of a specimen with repetitive drying and wetting increases as the number of wetting increases until 3 cycles. After 3 cycles of drying and wetting, the rate of strength increase decreases due to an insufficient water for hydration or stays constant. If the sufficient water supply is provided to cemented sand during curing, the target or design strength increase can be achieved. Otherwise, the strength degradation due to wetting should be considered at the design stage.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.135-148
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the performance about Improved C12A7 based mineral accelerator (ICM) increased in initial and long-term strength. ICM was developed to overcome the long-term strength decrease in existing accelerator. To evaluate the performance of ICM according to addition rate, setting time, compressive strength, and flexural strength tests were conducted in laboratory. In results, initial setting time was slower, final setting time was faster than existing $C_{12}A_7$ based mineral accelerator (CM) when usage of ICM 6%. In compressive and flexural strength, existing CM was higher than ICM at 3hours and 1day. After 7days, strength of shotcrete using ICM was increased. Rebound test, compressive strength and flexural strength test with optimum addition rate through the laboratory test were conducted in field. Field experiment results were the same as laboratory test. Long-term strength performance of ICM was superior to existing accelerator.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

When carrying out design for soft ground improvement before reclamation of dredged soil, it is very important to appropriately evaluate design parameters such as compression index and undrained strength in order to estimate optimum construction cost. In this study, consolidation and strength parameters were estimated by the samples obtained from the similar reclaimed land. Water content and compression index of dredged soil reclaimed by hydraulic fill method were quite decreased in comparison with those of in-situ conditions at Incheon site. Relationships between compression index(Cc) and water content (wn), and between undrained strength (su) and water content (wn) for dredged soil were obtained by field vane test and oedometer test, respectively. Applicability of Schmertmann correction method (compression index) for low plasticity silty soil was discussed according to comparison with designed and measured settlements.