• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.559-572
• /
• 2010

Color, an important visual cue, can cross-modally affect odor association and odor quality identification Here, this research investigates aspects of the cross-modal associations between color and fragrance in greater depth, delving into the topic of whether the degree-of-association of fragrances with hue and tone of colors varies systematically. For 33 color stimuli (10 hues, 3 tones, and 3 achromatic colors), 67 subjects judged the degree-of-association of four typical fragrance families (fresh, floral, oriental, and woody) on a 7-point scale. The statistical analysis showed that fragrance associations of the all families had characteristic distributions across ten hues of the color stimuli. The cross-modal relationship between color tone (especially, lightness attribute) and fragrance association appeared to be dimensional (e.g. a positive linear relationship between the floral family and the lightness). More specifically, as colors became warmer and brighter, the associated floral scents were stronger, while the woody scents was less associated. Brighter or more vivid cool colors were associated with stronger fresh scents. These findings confirm the systematic existence of synthetic interactions between vision and olfaction in perfumery.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.427-439
• /
• 2008

In order to effectively communicate the fragrances of commercial perfumes to consumers, it is important to apply congruent colors to their bottles and packaging. This research investigated the cross-modal associations between colors and fragrances through two experiments. In the first experiment, bottle colors of more than 200 popular perfumes in the market were analyzed. Distinguishable color design patterns of the bottles were revealed in accordance with their fragrance types. The second experiment expanded the use of color-odor matching task to a test population of Korean participants. Participants selected colors evoked by fragrances of three test perfumes in a blind setting. These three perfumes had characteristic hues and their associated hues were similar with the real colors of their bottles. In addition, there were significant variations in color tone across fragrance notes, viz. the top notes, middle notes, and base notes. The results of the two experiments suggest the existence of robust cross-modal associations between particular colors and fragrances in commercial perfumery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1990.06a
• /
• pp.663-666
• /
• 1990

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1995.06a
• /
• pp.446-449
• /
• 1995

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2003

The objectives of this study were to find the relationship between the olfactory sense such as perfume and sense of sight and how it affects the sensibility based on the fact that ,senses are compound feeling from detective parts of human body. First, to build the emotional rate stale we selected the 19 pairs of adjective from the previous studies that overlaps smell, color, and clothes and added one pairs of related clause. Then each pair was divided into 7 level of emotional stage. In the experiment by the selected 15 man and woman from the visual design major student of Hong-ick Univ each student was given floral, jasmin, lavender, papaya and asked them to pick one color from I.R.I Hue & Tone chart for each smell. Then, analyzed the emotional rating of selected color for given smell. The emotional structure of smell and color consists five parts; 'Esthetics', 'Romance', 'Character', 'Intensity', 'Nature', There were significant differences in frequencies of selected colors for each given smell and gender difference also affected the color selected. Average value of emotional rating scale of smell and color was ,similar to the results from previous studies on relationship between smell and emotion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.797-800
• /
• 2011

최근 정보통신기술의 발달과 스마트기기 이용의 확산으로 인해 생활환경 및 업무 환경이 크게 변화되었다. 특히 스마트폰의 보급이 빠르게 확산되어 스마트폰을 사용해 업무처리가 가능한 스마트워크 환경에 관심이 증가하고 있다. 국내의 스마트워크에 대한 연구 및 기술개발은 초기단계이며 기업 내부 네트워크에 접근하기 위한 사용자 인증 기법 또한 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스마트워크 환경에서 스마트폰을 이용하여 보안카드와 이미지 패스워드 기반의 사용자 인증 기법을 제안한다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 1992

We have developed a new optical associative memory system hased on the symmetric three layered neural network model, uhing two holograms and a LCIV. In the experiment, four Korean alphabet letters (ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ) are used as memory patterns. The results are compared with those of the two layered network and the IIopfield models. The results show that more than 95% recognition ablity is obtained for thc input which has the error rate less than 12%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10b
• /
• pp.310-312
• /
• 2001

본 연구에서는 정보시스템의 지능형 인터페이스를 위하여 사용자의 개인성을 학습하는 방법론으로서 신경망 이론의 활용가능성을 고찰한다. 입력형식의 유연성, 입력의 왜곡 및 소실가능성 등 시스템의 실용성과 연관하여 나타나는 자료의 특성을 수용하기 위하여, 학습과정에서 신호표현의 다양화와 부분 패턴의 의한 분류 기능 등을 개선한 신경망모델을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 퍼지 양방향 연상기억장치와 구간연산으로 일반화된 다층 신경망모델을 결합하여 혼합형 분류모형을 제시하고 그 유용성을 고찰한다. 실험은 전공분야 선택을 위한 개인의 적성분석시스템을 대상으로 구현하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.69-72
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we propose a new design method for bidirectional associative memories model with high error correction ratio. We extend the conventional GBAM model using bias terms and formulate a design procedure in the form of a constrained optimization problem. The constrained optimization problem is then transformed into a GEVP(generalized eigenvalue problem), which can be efficiently solved by recently developed interior point methods. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by a example.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2004

인터넷 제반기반 및 관련 서비스의 발전은 물리적인 시간과 공간의 한계를 뛰어 넘어 언제, 어디서나 학습할 수 있는 e-learning의 기초가 되었다. ［1］에서는 e-learning을 ‘장소나 시간의 제약 없이 높은 수준의 양방향 교육을 제공하기 위한 서비스와 기술’이라 정의하였다. 우리는 e-learning을 학습자와 시스템간의 양방향 커뮤니케이션(communication)을 이용한 새로운 학습 활동으로 정의하고, e-learning 시스템을 멀티미디어 (multimedia)로 이루어진 학습 콘텐츠(contents)를 통신망을 이용하여 학습자에게 전달하고, 학습자 정보를 전달받아 학습효과를 높을 수 있는 정보로서 재가공하는 역할을 담당하는 소프트웨어(software) 및 하드웨어(hardware)로 정의한다. e-learning은 책상과 칠판으로 연상 될 수 있는 현재의 강의 방식을 단순하게 디지털화(digitize)하는 수준을 넘어 효과적이고 새로운 교육방식을 지칭하고 있다.