• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.230-240
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• 2008

The primary aim of this study is to estimate the home range of a pair of raccoon dogs(Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) and to compare with the previous study of raccoon dogs in a rural area of Gurye, the southern part of South Korea. Radiotracking was regularly carried out on 2 raccoon dogs for 2 days every 2 months(in June, August, October and December, 2006). During the 2 days, radiotracking was usually conducted every $1{\sim}3$ hours through day and night. The analysis of tracking data with a total of $46{\sim}64$ bearings showed that the total home range size of the pair was $0.41km^2$, and mean home range size was $0.32km^2$ by 95% minimum convex polygons(MCP) estimate. The home ranges of the male and female were largely overlapping(about $70{\sim}95%$), and the sizes were not very much different from each other. However, there was a big difference between day $(0.01km^2)$ and night-time $(0.35km^2)$ home ranges, and it was largest in summer$(0.56km^2)$ and smallest in winter $(<0.01km^2)$. In addition, the home range of the pair included 1 core area and 4 different feeding areas. In conclusion, our raccoon dog home range data using the same individuals but with more frequent bearings per day and more extended tracking intervals still showed very similar results to the previous study with less frequent bearings per day and more extensive tracking days.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.427-434
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• 2008

The studies of seven individuals of Asiatic black bears were carried out with radio telemetry from October 2004 to December 2006 in Jirisan National Park. They were attached radio-transmitter and calculated by the 95%MCP and fixed kernel method(95%, 50%). As a result, Mean annual home ranges for female and male asiatic black bears were 71.66$km^2$ and 90.20$km^2$. The seasonal home ranges were calculated 19.81$km^2$ for females and 33.47$km^2$ for males in spring, 30.48$km^2$ for females and 20.26$km^2$ for males in summer, 22.63$km^2$ for females and 23.23$km^2$ for males in autumn and 0.22$km^2$ for females and 0.78$km^2$ for males in winter(F=4.193, P<0.05). The degree of home range overlapped 38%, 12.5% among females, 22.4% among males. Mean elevation of seven bears was 744$\pm$236m in spring, 682$\pm$253m in summer, 937$\pm$218m in fall and 975$\pm$137m in winter(F=8.526, P<0.001). It is assumed that home range sizes and location were closely correlated to environmental characteristics of the habitats and the seasonal variation of home-range was related to distribution of food sources.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

Domestic cats (Felis catus) introduced to insular environments can be invasive predators that often threaten endemic species and cause biodiversity loss or local extinction on the island. This study was conducted from March to July 2018 to understand the population size, home range, and spatial use of cats introduced to Mara Islet (N 33° 07', E 126° 16') in Jeju Special Governing Province, the Republic of Korea. Observation records based on their natural marks revealed that there were 20 adult cats on Mara Islet. A capture-recapture method also estimated 20 adult individuals (95% confidence interval: 20-24 individuals). According to our telemetry study on ten adults deployed with GPS-based telemetry units, the home range size was 12.05±6.99 ha (95% KDE: kernel density estimation), and the core habitat size was 1.60±0.77 ha (50% KDE). There were no significant differences in the home range and core habitat sizes by sex. The home range of domestic cats overlapped with the human residential area, where they might secure easy foods. Five of ten tracked cats were active at potential breeding colonies for the Crested Murrlet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume), and six approached potential breeding areas of the Styan's Grasshopper Warbler (Locustella pleskei), suggesting the predation risk of the two endangered species by cats. This study provides novel information on the population size and home range of introduced cats on Mara Islet which is an important stopover site of migratory birds as well as a breeding habitat of the two endangered avian species. Reducing the potential negative impacts of the introduced cats on migratory birds and the endangered species on Mara Islet requires monitoring of the predation rate of birds by cats, the population trends of cats and endangered breeding birds as well as the effective cat population control and management.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.208-216
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• 1993

The territorial behavior of the naked goby, Gobiosoma bosci, was observed in 80-liter aquaria. Social behavior was observed for an extended time in daily observation periods. Individuals of G. bosci, regardless of size and sex, exhibited agonistic behavior. The aggresive behaviors of approaching, threatening, attacking, and fighting were recorded as agonistic behavior. All individuals are capable of changing their color and camouflaging themselves by matching the color of bottom. Especially, the resident and the intruder are of the same size, the fighting duration was prolonged and the variability of coloration was at its peak.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.52-54
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• 2008

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.395-404
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• 2005

A project has recently begun to reintroduce endangered Asiatic black bears to the Jirisan National Park. However, information on home range that is necessary to maintain the Minimum Viable Population (MVP) of those bears does not exist. Based on point data of two bears that were released for trial in Jirisan in 2001, we identified the movement pattern of bears and estimated their home ranges with two different methods Finally, the possibility of conserving the MVP of bears was evaluated by comparing the location and size of the home range with habitats which have been found to be suitable for bears. The frequency of bears' appearance reduced drastically as road densities of both paved roads and legal trails increased. The midpoint of home ranges of the two bears was 376.85 $km^2$ and 50.76 $km^2$ based on 100% MCP (Minimum Convex Polygon) and 95% AK (Adaptive Kernel Home Range Method), respectively, with an overlapped area of 126.0 $km^2$ and 3.99 $km^2$ each. The core areas of their home ranges are located not in the no-entry zone, where major trails were open to the public - despite being designated as no -entry zone - but in areas where most trails were closed to the public. A discrepancy between core areas of home ranges and potentially suitable habitats suggests the effects of vehicles and tracking people through roads within the park. Thus, for the success of in situ conservation of endangered bears, well-planned management of habitats is needed to protect bears and to ensure the home ranges to support the MVP.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

This study was carried out to provide basic information for assessment conditions as habitat to conserve and restore asiatic black bear released in Jirisan National Park. The field investigation at Piagol, Bitjeom, Jangdanggol, Baemsagol, Chilseon valley, and Hanshin valley which checked for habitat of released asiatic black bear were conducted from 2008 to 2010. There were no obvious differences in home range size of asiatic black bear by study year. The seasonal home ranges were analyzed $25.64km^2$ for males and $17.57km^2$ for female in spring, $73.02km^2$ for males and $27.45km^2$ for females in summer, $41.58km^2$ for males and $13.26km^2$ for females in fall, and $6.11km^2$ for males and $2.89km^2$ for females in winter based on 95% Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) method, respectively. In average elevation by gender of asiatic black bear, the male was higher than the female. respectively. Average elevation by season were $894{\pm}33m$ in spring, $852{\pm}20m$ in summer, $985{\pm}67m$ in fall, and $996{\pm}26m$ in winter, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

In order to analyze the change in home ranges depending on the reproductive stage of Pipistrellus abramus, radio-tracking was carried out for a total of 9 individuals, 3 individuals each, by dividing stages into a pregnancy stage, lactation stage, and post-lactation stage from May to August 2009. For radio-telemetry, 0.38g transmitters, R2000 receivers and 3-element Yagi antennas were used. Pipistrellus abramus were captured using a double-stacked mist net and a harp-trap. Analysis of home ranges used a SHP File and ArcGIS 3.3 for GIS, and used a Kernel Home Range Method(KHR) and a Minimum Convex Polygon(MCP) Method for analysis. Home ranges at the pregnancy stage were MCP 100% $13.46{\pm}1.84ha$, MCP 95% $12.28{\pm}2.15ha$, KHR 50% $3.00{\pm}0.71ha$, and home ranges at the lactation stage were MCP 100% $8.13{\pm}0.23ha$, MCP 95% $7.73{\pm}0.63ha$, KHR 50%$1.84{\pm}1.05ha$. Home ranges at the post-lactation stage were MCP 100% $125.58{\pm}97.77ha$, MCP 95% $123.89{\pm}97.73ha$, KHR 50% $28.61{\pm}26.78ha$. As a result, home ranges of pipistrellus abramus showed a significant difference in all of the MCP 100%, MCP 95%, KHR 50% depending on reproductive stages, being largest in the post-lactation stage and smallest in the lactation stage.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2020

Migratory birds use a variety of breeding and wintering sites, and it is particularly important to understand more information on breeding and feeding sites for the conservation and management of endangered species. Black-faced spoonbills (Platalea minor) are an international endangered species distributed in East Asia. The majority of black-faced spoonbills breed on uninhabited islets off the west coast of the Korean Peninsula during the breeding season, and they are distributed in East Asia such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, southern China, Japan, and Jeju island during the winter season. In this study, we used a wild animal location tracking system to analyze and compare home ranges of three black-faced spoonbills spending the post-fledging stage in Gujido islet in Incheon and Chilsando islet in Yeonggwang each in 2015. The tree black-faced spoonbills in Guji islet showed a home range in coastal areas in Hwanghaenam-do and Gangneung-gun. The home range size (mean±SD) was estimated to be 425.49±116.95 ㎢ using 100% MCP, 43.61±18.51 ㎢ using KDE 95%, and 7.46±3.68 ㎢using KDE 50%. The tree black-faced spoonbills in Chilsando islet showed a home range in the Baeksu tidal flat and the Buan Saemangeum area with a size of 99.38±55.29 ㎢ using 100% MCP, 19.87±6.05 ㎢ using KDE 95%, and 1.16±0.53 ㎢ using KDE 50%. The figured indicated that the tree black-faced spoonbills breeding in Gujido islet had a wider home range than those breeding in Chilsando islet. During the post-fledging stage, the home ranges of black-faced spoonbills were mostly breeding in mudflats. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize human intervention, such as the construction of roads and structures and the human access, to protect the habitats during the period.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 2001

본 연구는 번식기와 비번식기에 있어서 까치의 행동변화를 파악하기 위해 강원도 춘천시 동면 감정리에 위치한 강원도 산림개발연구원 시험림 및 부근지역에서 2000년 3월부터 2001년 2월까지의 기간동안 실시되었다. 조사지 내 전체 면척은 5.6$\textrm{km}^2$였으며, 전체 지역에서 까치의 둥지는 모두 49개가 발견되었다. 이중 2000년 봄철의 번식기동안에는 24개의 둥지에서 까치가 번식을 한 것으로 나타났다. 까치의 번식밀도는 4.3쌍/$\textrm{km}^2$였으며, 둥지의 평균거리는 평균 357.5m 인 것으로 나타났다. 까치에 부착한 전파발신기에서 발신되는 전파를 추적하여 번식기와 비번식기에 둥지로부터 이동한 거리는 큰 차이를 보였다.(t-test, t= 2.98, P<0.01). 번식기에는 평균 133.5m의 거리를 둥지로부터 이동하였으며, 최대 184m 이동한 것으로 나타났다. 그 결과 세력권의 크기는 약 5.6ha인 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 비번식이에 있어서는 둥지로부터의 이동거리 평균 384.2m 였으며, 최대 457m 까지 이동하였다. 6월에서 8월 까지는 보통 2~3개체 정도가 무리를 형성하였고, 12월에 가장 많은 12개체 정도가 하나의 무리를 이루었다. 번식기에 암컷과 수컷을 행동은 매우 다른 것으로 나타났으나(t=2.89, P<0.05)비번식기에는 큰 차이가 없었다(t=1.03, P>0.05).