• Clean Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2001

To meet $CO_2$ emission regulation, this study describes the present state of $CO_2$ reduction technology and the effect of the regulation on power industry. In Japan, R&D investment is actively continuing through a long-term R&D project, along with trying to meet the reduction demand by the ways of energy saving and abroad business. EU has made a lot of investments in increasing the efficiency of power generation and developing alternative energy sources. The US is making provision of the portion of reduction by using energy saving program and emission trading, and the current DOE-driven program is addressing the development of cost-effective power systems. In the country, the research to reduce $CO_2$ emission has been mainly driven by the government and research institute supported by the government. Meanwhile, if the reduction obligation imposed on Portugal which is the least strict condition will be enforced in Korea, it is likely that about 50 running power plants should be stopped or shut down after 2015, in spite of voluntary reduction efforts such as conversion to clean fuels, etc. according to the government's long-term electric power need and supply plan.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.617-621
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• 2016

On-site survey on glue-laminated board (GLB) manufacturers of Malaysia, Indonesia, and China was conducted to identify the cause of interception of regulated pest from imported GLBs from those countries, and to suggest optimal manufacturing processes of GLB for preventing quarantine risk associated with imported GLBs. The cause of pest interception was improper manufacturing processes, such as air drying or inadequate kiln drying of green laminae, improper storage of dried laminae before finger jointing and edge gluing, and/or incomplete packing of GLBs. In particular, Paulownia GLB manufacturing processes used in China, including air drying of laminae, were mostly poor in terms of preventing quarantine risk associated with imported GLBs. From now on, for preventing quarantine risk associated with imported GLBs, importers have to ask foreign manufacturers spontaneously to use proper manufacturing processes (adequate kiln drying of green laminae, proper storage of dried laminae, and complete packaging of final GLBs).

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2013

There are many reasons for decommissioning of cyclotron such as not only age-related deficiency, any serious wear or damage but also relocation, upgrade and changing mission. Decommission of cyclotron in USA and EU give rise to a lot of low-level radioactive waste and costs. Various research on decommissioning of particle accelerator have been carried to reduce the cost of decommissioning in USA and EU. In USA, the NRC require DFP (Decommissioning Funding Plan) to authorized licenser by 10 CFR Part 30.35. To resolve radioactive waste problem and reduce the estimated cost of cyclotron decommissioning, we should consider technical aspects (decommissioning procedures, decontamination techniques, etc.) and safety aspects(residual radioactivity, the expected dose, etc) for decommissioning. In this study, we analyzed practical information on the decommissioning of cyclotron in ANL (Argonne National Laboratory) and Belgium (EU). And we investigated the experience on the cyclotron relocation from SNUH (Seoul National University Hospital) to SKKU (Sungkyunkwan University). From these results, we provide the basic data for establishing of relevant standards on domestic cyclotron decommissioning. It is necessary to adopt the DFP for safe and economic decommissioning and waste recycling. These result could be utilized for the establishment on the standards and useful requirements.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.196-215
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• 2007

The Representatives of Korea & India hold The Sixth negotiation for conclusion of Korean-India CEPA(Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) at IFANS(Institute of Foreign Affairs & National Security) in Seoul at April 4, 2007. The latest, India is paid attention by the citizen of the world as the leading country that it lead the 21C's world economic with the China, India is called one of the BRICs and Chindia countries. Now, the concern of the citizen of world inclines huge potential energy of India. It is that time, we must change our concern from Chinas to India slowly. This paper put emphasis the point that we have to move switch over the focus of our study from to India, now.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.155-176
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• 2015

Leasing is one of the main methods for Chinese airlines to introduce aircraft from overseas manufactures, and this method has been used for more than 30 years by Chinese airlines. Aircraft leasing in essence is a kind of financial transaction, through which lessors provide finance to lessees by means of the delivery of possession of the leased aircraft. At the time when China started to introduce aircraft through leasing some 30 years ago, the Chinese domestic laws were very insufficient to regulate these activities. Therefore, a construction process for the law of aircraft leasing was triggered then, and some fruit has been gained. By far, there are rules to adjust the aircraft activities in the aspects of contract, real right, default and bankruptcy remedies. However, as the improvement of any system must undergo a process of exploration, the law of aircraft leasing in China is still faced up with many challenges. Especially with the emergence and prosperous of domestic leasing industry, new transaction structures and models of aircraft leasing have emerged, which leaves new challenges to current legal system. On the basis of introducing the history and main contents of Chinese legal regime of aircraft leasing, this paper offers an analysis of achievements and challenges on present Chinese laws in the aspects of contract, real right and remedies.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.33-48
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• 2008

최근 은행의 소유지분한도와 설립자본금 등에 대한 정부의 금융규제 완화로 인터넷전문은행의 설립 가능성이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 전자금융환경은 전자금융거래법 제정에 따라 금융기관의 입증책임을 강화함으로써 금융기관의 전자금융리스크가 상대적으로 크게 증가하였다. 또한, 정보 공격기술 및 수법의 발달로 전자금융보안에 대한 위협이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이외 에도 신BIS 리스크 평가에 IT운영리스크가 포함되는 등 금융환경 변화 및 정보통신 기술의 발전으로 인한 전자금융리스크가 계속 확대되고 있는 추세에 있다. 이러한 금융환경 변화와 함께 서비스채널이 인터넷에 집중되는 인터넷전문은행은 기존의 전통적인 은행과 차별되는 리스크에 추가적으로 노출될 위험성이 높다. 이러한 리스크에 대한 인식 및 대비 부재는 금융소비자가 금융권 전자금융거래에 대한 불신으로 확산되거나, 금융시장의 불안정성을 야기하는 금융사고로 이어져 자칫 국내 전자금융의 발전을 저해하는 심각한 요소가 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 금융환경과는 차이가 있지만, 인터넷전문은행이 가져올 전자금융의 기술적 변화는 유사하다는 점에서 해외 주요국가의 인터넷전문은행 현황과 전자금융부문을 중심으로 인터넷전문은행 설립인가 사례를 살펴보고, 국내에서 인터넷전문은행 설립시 우리가 취해야 할 입장에 대해 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 그리고 국내 전자금융 환경에서 전통적인 일반은행과 차별되거나 인터넷전문은행 고유의 특성으로 발생되는 주요 전자금융리스크를 다섯 가지로 분석하였고, 이러한 전자금융리스크를 줄이기 위한 대응방안을 모색해 보았다. 정부의 금융규제 완화는 금융자유화를 진전시켜 금융거래가 자유경쟁원리에 입각해 이루어짐에 따라 국민경제의 발전에 있어서 바람직한 결과를 얻고자 하는 것이다. 그러나 다른 한편으로 과도한 리스크에 노출 될 경우에는 금융시장의 불안정성을 야기하고 이로 인해 역 선택과 도덕적 해이를 야기 시키는 등 여러 가지의 폐해를 줄 수도 있다 이러한 폐해를 줄이기 위해서는 인터넷전문은행의 고유한 특성으로 수반되는 리스크와 상대적으로 그 중요성이 부각되는 전자금융리스크에 대한 관리 감독을 강화해야 한다. 또한 이러한 리스크 관리강화를 위한 제도적 장치는 인터넷전문은행의 자율성과 책임성을 부여하는 방향으로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다. 인터넷전문은행이 실질적으로 다수의 금융이용자에게 다양한 혜택과 효율적인 금융서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 초기 사업계획 심사 단계에서부터 위험성이 크게 증가하는 전자금융리스크에 대해서, 적절한 관리방안 수립을 통해 예상되는 리스크를 줄이기 위한 노력이 필요하다고 생각한다. 그리고 인터넷전문은행에 대한 구체적인 인가요건이 마련되지 못한 현 상황에서, 국내 인터넷전문은행 설립이 우리나라 전자금융거래에 발전적 역할을 할 수 있도록 앞으로 더 많은 논의와 연구가 진행될 필요가 있다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.679-689
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• 2013

To relieve Green-house Gas Emission is the key issue in urban area. Urban transport policies have focused on the reduction of private car use. The most common of these is Travel Demand Management(e.g., congestion charge, environmental tax, etc.) that forces individuals to reduce their private car use. An alternative way is Mobility Management(MM) that induces individuals to voluntarily change their car use through communications. MM is founded on social psychology theory and focuses on individuals' decision making processes to change their perception and attitude on private car use. Although some researchers have reported the relevance of MM approach, still few researches have explicitly studied on individuals' decision making processes. Therefore, the aims of the paper are to analyze the decision making process of individuals and to provide the basis of introducing MM approach in Korea. Structural equation model(SEM) is applied for the analysis of individuals' decision making process. A empirical study shows that psychological factors such as perception/attitude on global environment or individual norms impact significantly to reduce private car use and accordingly the relevance of introducing MM approach instead of imposing regulations or expanding transport facilities.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.549-559
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• 2014

The increasing demand of maritime transportation and port development especially due to increased international trade resulted in a strengthening of regulating the greenhouse gas emissions mainly from ships by International Maritime Organization (IMO). Responding to these international environmental regulation and enforcement, the United States and the European seaports have expanded their Green Port Policy, which can promote the public welfare by reducing pollution caused by ships and ports. Accordingly, in 2010, Korean government enacted "The Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth" and had pushed for all Korean ports to establish and implement their own green port policies. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish the Green Port Policy Plan for sustainable and environmental friendly operations and developments of Ulsan port, which plans to be the oil hub port of Northeast Asia. To this end, we studied the current status of the environmental policy issues in Ulsan Port and international-&-domestic case studies on establishment of green port policy. With these studies, Ulsan green policy alternatives were identified that through the experts advice, and then were prioritized by adopting AHP survey analysis. As the result of this study, it was notified that LED lights replacement and AMP establishment as the hardware policy and the port environmental management department as the software policy were equally important policy options for the implementation of sustainable Ulsan Green Port Policy to meet port's characteristics.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.57
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• pp.253-275
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• 2018

Economic security emerged as a strong element of national security. Nations around the world are exerting their efforts to collect economic intelligence to serve their national interest while making added efforts to uncover industrial espionage and arrest industrial spies in defensive aspect. Cases in point are the enactment of "Economic Espionage Act(1996)" of the U.S. and the "Act on Prevention of Divulgence and Protection of Industrial Technology(2006)"of Korea. Korea is trying to punish industrial spying on the same level as espionage that poses national security threat by revising Criminal Code. It is necessary to review whether the move to toughen the punishment of industrial spying from "up to 15 years in prison and/or up to 1.5 billion won in fine" to "minimum seven years of imprisonment, life imprisonment or death penalty" is appropriate. Advanced nations regulate industrial spying with a special act on economy although they have applied espionage act not to "enemy states" but to "foreign countries" in the first place. Likewise, preventing industrial spying by applying espionage act through the revision of criminal code poses a risk of undermining the autonomy of industry sector by excessive influence of state power. Furthermore, the penalty of minimum imprisonment of seven years, life imprisonment or death penalty with the application of espionage act under the criminal code is an legal application by stretching of the law, posing a risk of dampening healthy economic activities. Therefore, revising and applying relevant economic laws such as aforementioned 'Act on Prevention of Divulgence and Protection of Industrial Technology(2006)' is thought to be desirable to achieve the goal of protecting industrial technologies.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.47-47
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• 2011

에너지자원이 부족하여 에너지 해외의존도가 약 80% 이상인 우리나라의 특성상 에너지 해외의존도를 경감시키고 에너지부족 상황을 안정시키기 위하여 국내의 부존에너지를 최대한 활용하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 지구온난화에 대처하는 범세계적인 규제에 대비하기 위하여, 청정에너지를 적극 개발하여 에너지자립도를 향상시켜야 한다. 신재생에너지 중 하나인 소수력은 친환경적인 청정에너지 중 하나로 다른 대체 에너지원에 비해 높은 에너지 밀도를 가지고 있어 개발 가치가 큰 부존자원으로 평가되고 있다. 그리고 소수력은 여러측면의 사회적 환경적 이점으로 최근에는 선진국에서도 매우 큰 관심을 끌고 있으며, 에너지 자원이 빈약하여 대부분 석유수입에 의존하는 우리나라는 지역에너지로 소수력을 적극 개발하여야 한다. 소수력 부존량이 풍부한 우리나라는 1982년에 소수력 개발 활성화 방안이 공표되면서부터 정부주도 하에 소수력 발전소 건설에 관한 연구를 적극적으로 지원하게 되었다. 대수력과 비교하여 소수력의 장점으로는 비교적 짧은 계획 및 시공기간, 낮은 투자비용, 개인이나 기업을 통한 투자참여, 주위 인력이나 자재를 이용한 쉬운 설치, 적은 환경적인 피해 등이 있다. 이와 같이 청정에너지 중 하나인 소수력의 개발과 활용을 위하여 IT 기술을 접목한 다양한 응용시스템 구축이 진행되고 있다. 특히, 한국에너지기술연구원에서는 신재생에너지 개발 및 보급 확대를 목표로 2006년에 신재생에너지 자원지도시스템을 구축하였으며, 이를 웹상에서 제공하고 있다. 소수력 발전시설의 적극적인 활용을 위해서는 초기설계시 장기유출 특성분석을 통해 해당유역의 수자원을 최대로 활용하고, 지형적인 요소를 이용하여 전기의 생산이 최대가 되도록 하는 최적설계가 이루어 져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 소수력 발전시설의 최적설계를 위해 한강수계 258개 표준유역 중 섬강합류점에 대하여 자원지도를 활용하여 연평균유량을 추정한 후 소수력 자원량을 산정하였고, 그 결과로 시설용량과 연간전기생산량은 각각 1,633kW, 6,224MWh로 산정되었다. 또한 유출량의 미계측 유역에서의 소수력 발전성능을 예측하기 위한 방법으로 Weibull 분포의 특성화 방법을 선택하여 그 적용성을 검토하였다. 섬강합류점 표준유역 내에 위치하고 있는 목계관측소, 앙성관측소에서의 10개년(1999~2008) 강우자료를 바탕으로 유황곡선을 작성하여 상관관계분석을 실시한 결과 목계관측소에서 0.994701, 앙성관측소에서 0.992616으로 관측치와 계산값이 상당히 유사한 것으로 나타났다.